<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2010-04-08 22:06:55 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2025-11-18 23:00:33 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>FDB005955</accession>
  <name>Lignans</name>
  <description>Podofilox, also called podophyllotoxin, is a purer and more stable form of podophyllin in which only the biologically active portion of the compound is present. Podofilox is used to remove certain types of warts on the outside skin of the genital areas. Lignans is found in arrowroot and flaxseed.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>Picropodophyllin</synonym>
    <synonym>Picropodophyllotoxin</synonym>
    <synonym>Podophyllotoxin</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C22H22O8</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>414.4053</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>414.13146768</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>(10R,11S,16R)-16-hydroxy-10-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4,6,13-trioxatetracyclo[7.7.0.0³,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁵]hexadeca-1,3(7),8-trien-12-one</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>epipodophyllotoxins</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>477-47-4</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>COC1=CC(=CC(OC)=C1OC)[C@H]1[C@H]2C(COC2=O)[C@@H](O)C2=CC3=C(OCO3)C=C12</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C22H22O8/c1-25-16-4-10(5-17(26-2)21(16)27-3)18-11-6-14-15(30-9-29-14)7-12(11)20(23)13-8-28-22(24)19(13)18/h4-7,13,18-20,23H,8-9H2,1-3H3/t13?,18-,19-,20+/m1/s1</inchi>
  <inchikey>YJGVMLPVUAXIQN-BCVBHCCTSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as podophyllotoxins. These are tetralin lignans in which the benzene moiety of the tetralin skeleton is fused to a 1,3-dioxolane and the cyclohexane is fused to a butyrolactone (pyrrolidin-2-one).</description>
    <direct_parent>Podophyllotoxins</direct_parent>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Lignans, neolignans and related compounds</super_class>
    <class>Lignan lactones</class>
    <sub_class>Podophyllotoxins</sub_class>
    <molecular_framework>Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Acetals</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Alkyl aryl ethers</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Anisoles</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Aryltetralin lignans</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Benzodioxoles</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carbonyl compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carboxylic acid esters</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Furanonaphthodioxoles</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Gamma butyrolactones</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Methoxybenzenes</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Oxacyclic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Phenoxy compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Secondary alcohols</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Tetrahydrofurans</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Tetralins</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>1-aryltetralin lignan</substituent>
      <substituent>Acetal</substituent>
      <substituent>Alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Alkyl aryl ether</substituent>
      <substituent>Anisole</substituent>
      <substituent>Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>Benzodioxole</substituent>
      <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid ester</substituent>
      <substituent>Ether</substituent>
      <substituent>Gamma butyrolactone</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Lactone</substituent>
      <substituent>Linear furanonaphthodioxole</substituent>
      <substituent>Methoxybenzene</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocyclic benzene moiety</substituent>
      <substituent>Naphthofuran</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organoheterocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Oxacycle</substituent>
      <substituent>Phenol ether</substituent>
      <substituent>Phenoxy compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Podophyllotoxin</substituent>
      <substituent>Secondary alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Tetrahydrofuran</substituent>
      <substituent>Tetralin</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>Lignans</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <state/>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>2.37</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-3.56</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>1.14e-01 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <experimental_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>melting_point</kind>
      <value>228 oC</value>
    </property>
  </experimental_properties>
  <property>
    <kind>logp</kind>
    <value>1.62</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
    <value>14.02</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
    <value>-3.2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>iupac</kind>
    <value>(10R,11S,16R)-16-hydroxy-10-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4,6,13-trioxatetracyclo[7.7.0.0³,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁵]hexadeca-1,3(7),8-trien-12-one</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>average_mass</kind>
    <value>414.4053</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>mono_mass</kind>
    <value>414.13146768</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>smiles</kind>
    <value>COC1=CC(=CC(OC)=C1OC)[C@H]1[C@H]2C(COC2=O)[C@@H](O)C2=CC3=C(OCO3)C=C12</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formula</kind>
    <value>C22H22O8</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchi</kind>
    <value>InChI=1S/C22H22O8/c1-25-16-4-10(5-17(26-2)21(16)27-3)18-11-6-14-15(30-9-29-14)7-12(11)20(23)13-8-28-22(24)19(13)18/h4-7,13,18-20,23H,8-9H2,1-3H3/t13?,18-,19-,20+/m1/s1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchikey</kind>
    <value>YJGVMLPVUAXIQN-BCVBHCCTSA-N</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
    <value>92.68</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>refractivity</kind>
    <value>103.9</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polarizability</kind>
    <value>41.66</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
    <value>4</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
    <value>7</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>donor_count</kind>
    <value>1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formal_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>16286</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>42491</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>133452</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>141186</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>91386</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>91387</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>91388</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>154764</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>154765</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>154766</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2787388</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2787389</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2787390</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2919074</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2919075</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2919076</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <hmdb_id>HMDB31452</hmdb_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id/>
  <chemspider_id/>
  <kegg_id/>
  <chebi_id/>
  <biocyc_id/>
  <het_id/>
  <wikipidia/>
  <vmh_id/>
  <fbonto_id/>
  <foodb_id/>
  <general_references>
  </general_references>
  <foods>
    <food>
      <name>Amaranth</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Amaranthus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3564</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Annual wild rice</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Zizania aquatica</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>75727</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Arrowroot</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Maranta arundinacea</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>210060</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Barley</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Hordeum vulgare</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4513</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Breakfast cereal</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Bulgur</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cereals and cereal products</name>
      <food_type>Unknown</food_type>
      <category>generic</category>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Common buckwheat</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Fagopyrum esculentum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3617</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Common wheat</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Triticum aestivum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4565</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Corn</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Zea mays</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4577</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Flaxseed</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Linum usitatissimum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4006</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Flour</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Hard wheat</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Triticum durum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4567</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Millet</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Panicum miliaceum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4540</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Oat</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Avena sativa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4498</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Oriental wheat</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Triticum turanicum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>376534</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Quinoa</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Chenopodium quinoa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>63459</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Red rice</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Oryza rufipogon</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4529</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rice</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Oryza sativa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4530</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rye</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Secale cereale</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4550</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Sorghum</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Sorghum bicolor</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4558</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Soy bean</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Glycine max</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3847</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Spelt</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Triticum spelta</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>58933</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Tartary buckwheat</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Fagopyrum tataricum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>62330</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Teff</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Eragrostis tef</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>110835</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Triticale</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>X Triticosecale rimpaui</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Wheat</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Triticum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4564</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Wild rice</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Zizania</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>15949</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
  </foods>
  <flavors>
  </flavors>
  <enzymes>
  </enzymes>
  <health_effects>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Allergenic</name>
      <id>43</id>
      <definition>A chemical compound which causes the onset of an allergic reaction by interacting with any of the molecular pathways involved in an allergy.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti estrogenic</name>
      <id>272</id>
      <definition>A substance that diminishes the rate of a chemical reaction.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti mycotic</name>
      <id>456</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-mutagenic</name>
      <id>451</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-oxidant</name>
      <id>502</id>
      <definition>A substance that opposes oxidation or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides. In European countries, E-numbers for permitted antioxidant food additives are from E 300 to E 324.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-viral</name>
      <id>689</id>
      <definition>A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Antitumor</name>
      <id>672</id>
      <definition>A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Cancer preventive</name>
      <id>754</id>
      <definition>A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Cardiovascular</name>
      <id>773</id>
      <definition>A drug used for the treatment or prevention of cardiac arrhythmias. Anti-arrhythmia drugs may affect the polarisation-repolarisation phase of the action potential, its excitability or refractoriness, or impulse conduction or membrane responsiveness within cardiac fibres.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Cathartic</name>
      <id>784</id>
      <definition>Any substance that accelerates defecation. Compare with laxatives, which are substances that ease defecation (usually by softening faeces). A substance can be both a laxative and a cathartic.</definition>
    </health_effect>
  </health_effects>
</compound>
