<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2010-04-08 22:10:15 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2025-11-18 23:38:00 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>FDB012575</accession>
  <name>Ellagic acid</name>
  <description>Widely distributed in higher plants especies dicotyledons. Intestinal astringent, dietary role disputed. Nutriceutical with anticancer and antioxidation props.

Ellagic acid is a Polyphenol compound found in numerous fruits and vegetables, including, raspberries; Ellagic acid is a polyphenol antioxidant found in numerous fruits and vegetables including raspberries, strawberries, cranberries, walnuts, pecans, pomegranates and other plant foods. The antiproliferative and antioxidant properties of ellagic acid have spurred preliminary research into the potential health benefits of ellagic acid consumption.; and other plant foods. It is often regarded as an antioxidant.   Ellagic Acid Clinical Tests on cultured human cells also show that Ellagic acid prevents the destruction of the p53 gene by cancer cells. Additional studies suggest that one of the mechanisms by which Ellagic acid inhibits mutagenesis and carcinogenesis is by forming adducts with DNA, thus masking binding sites to be occupied by the mutagen or carcinogen.; cranberries; pecans; pomegranates; strawberries; walnuts.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>2,3,7,8-Tetrahydroxy[1]benzopyrano[5,4,3-cde][1]benzopyran-5,10-dione</synonym>
    <synonym>2,3,7,8-Tetrahydroxy[1]benzopyrano[5,4,3-cde][1]benzopyran-5,10-dione, 9CI</synonym>
    <synonym>4,4',5,5',6,6'-Hexahydroxydiphenate 2,6,2',6'-dilactone</synonym>
    <synonym>4,4',5,5',6,6'-Hexahydroxydiphenic acid 2,6,2',6'-dilactone</synonym>
    <synonym>Acide ellagique</synonym>
    <synonym>Acido elagico</synonym>
    <synonym>Acidum ellagicum</synonym>
    <synonym>Alizarin yellow</synonym>
    <synonym>Alizarine yellow</synonym>
    <synonym>Benzoarate</synonym>
    <synonym>Benzoaric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Elagostasine</synonym>
    <synonym>Eleagate</synonym>
    <synonym>Eleagic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Ellagate</synonym>
    <synonym>Ellagic acid dihydrate</synonym>
    <synonym>Ellagic acid hydrate</synonym>
    <synonym>Ellagsaeure</synonym>
    <synonym>Gallogen</synonym>
    <synonym>Gallogen?</synonym>
    <synonym>Kajidin</synonym>
    <synonym>Lagistase</synonym>
    <synonym>Llagate</synonym>
    <synonym>Llagic acid</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C14H6O8</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>302.194</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>302.006267153</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>6,7,13,14-tetrahydroxy-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[6.6.2.0^{4,16}.0^{11,15}]hexadeca-1(15),4,6,8(16),11,13-hexaene-3,10-dione</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>6,7,13,14-tetrahydroxy-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[6.6.2.0^{4,16}.0^{11,15}]hexadeca-1(15),4,6,8(16),11,13-hexaene-3,10-dione</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>476-66-4</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>OC1=C(O)C2=C3C(=C1)C(=O)OC1=C3C(=CC(O)=C1O)C(=O)O2</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C14H6O8/c15-5-1-3-7-8-4(14(20)22-11(7)9(5)17)2-6(16)10(18)12(8)21-13(3)19/h1-2,15-18H</inchi>
  <inchikey>AFSDNFLWKVMVRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydrolyzable tannins. These are tannins with a structure characterized by either of the following models. In model 1, the structure contains galloyl units (in some cases, shikimic acid units) that are linked to diverse polyol carbohydrate-, catechin-, or triterpenoid units. In model 2, contains at least two galloyl units C-C coupled to each other, and do not contain a glycosidically linked catechin unit.</description>
    <direct_parent>Hydrolyzable tannins</direct_parent>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Phenylpropanoids and polyketides</super_class>
    <class>Tannins</class>
    <sub_class>Hydrolyzable tannins</sub_class>
    <molecular_framework>Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>1-benzopyrans</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>2-benzopyrans</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>7,8-dihydroxycoumarins</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Ellagic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Heteroaromatic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Isocoumarins and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Lactones</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Oxacyclic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Polyols</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Pyranones and derivatives</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>1-benzopyran</substituent>
      <substituent>1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>2-benzopyran</substituent>
      <substituent>7,8-dihydroxycoumarin</substituent>
      <substituent>Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>Benzopyran</substituent>
      <substituent>Coumarin</substituent>
      <substituent>Ellagic_acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Heteroaromatic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrolyzable tannin</substituent>
      <substituent>Isocoumarin</substituent>
      <substituent>Lactone</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organoheterocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Oxacycle</substituent>
      <substituent>Polyol</substituent>
      <substituent>Pyran</substituent>
      <substituent>Pyranone</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>Ellagitannins</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>catechols</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>cyclic ketone</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>lactone</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>organic heterotetracyclic compound</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>polyphenol</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <state>Liquid</state>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>1.59</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-2.57</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>8.23e-01 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <experimental_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>melting_point</kind>
      <value>Mp 360°</value>
    </property>
  </experimental_properties>
  <property>
    <kind>logp</kind>
    <value>2.32</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
    <value>5.54</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
    <value>-4.8</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>iupac</kind>
    <value>6,7,13,14-tetrahydroxy-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[6.6.2.0^{4,16}.0^{11,15}]hexadeca-1(15),4,6,8(16),11,13-hexaene-3,10-dione</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>average_mass</kind>
    <value>302.194</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>mono_mass</kind>
    <value>302.006267153</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>smiles</kind>
    <value>OC1=C(O)C2=C3C(=C1)C(=O)OC1=C3C(=CC(O)=C1O)C(=O)O2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formula</kind>
    <value>C14H6O8</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchi</kind>
    <value>InChI=1S/C14H6O8/c15-5-1-3-7-8-4(14(20)22-11(7)9(5)17)2-6(16)10(18)12(8)21-13(3)19/h1-2,15-18H</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchikey</kind>
    <value>AFSDNFLWKVMVRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
    <value>133.52</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>refractivity</kind>
    <value>70.61</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polarizability</kind>
    <value>26.34</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
    <value>6</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>donor_count</kind>
    <value>4</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
    <value>-2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formal_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2397</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>38492</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>155873</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrTwoD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1846</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1911</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>166345</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>166549</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2155</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2156</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>7877</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>7878</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>7879</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>14549</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>14550</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>14551</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>374049</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>374220</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>439743</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>449854</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>449855</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>450626</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2325177</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2325178</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2325179</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2609981</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2609982</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2609983</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <hmdb_id>HMDB02899</hmdb_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id/>
  <chemspider_id/>
  <kegg_id/>
  <chebi_id/>
  <biocyc_id/>
  <het_id>REF</het_id>
  <wikipidia/>
  <vmh_id/>
  <fbonto_id/>
  <foodb_id/>
  <general_references>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x000055ce329547b8&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x000055ce329545d8&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x000055ce32954420&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x000055ce32954240&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x000055ce32954038&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x000055ce3295fa78&gt;</reference>
  </general_references>
  <foods>
    <food>
      <name>American cranberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vaccinium macrocarpon</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>13750</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.3</average_value>
      <max_value>0.3</max_value>
      <min_value>0.3</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Apple</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Malus pumila</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>283210</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Arabica coffee</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Coffea arabica</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>13443</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Arctic blackberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Rubus arcticus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>70741</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>17.15</average_value>
      <max_value>17.149999619</max_value>
      <min_value>17.149999619</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Bilberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vaccinium myrtillus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>180763</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Black raspberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Rubus occidentalis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>75079</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>38.0</average_value>
      <max_value>38.0</max_value>
      <min_value>38.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Black walnut</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Juglans nigra</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>16719</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>3.5</average_value>
      <max_value>3.5</max_value>
      <min_value>3.5</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Blackberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Rubus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>16.955</average_value>
      <max_value>31.91</max_value>
      <min_value>2.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Bog bilberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vaccinium uliginosum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>190548</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Brazil nut</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bertholletia excelsa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3645</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Carrot</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Daucus carota ssp. sativus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>79200</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Chestnut</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Castanea</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>21019</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>735.444444</average_value>
      <max_value>735.444444444</max_value>
      <min_value>735.444444444</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cloudberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Rubus chamaemorus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>57936</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>14.93125</average_value>
      <max_value>15.300000191</max_value>
      <min_value>14.5625</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cloves</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Syzygium aromaticum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>219868</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Coffee</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>generic</category>
      <name_scientific>Coffea</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>13442</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Common grape</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vitis vinifera</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>29760</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Common sage</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Salvia officinalis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>38868</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Common walnut</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Juglans regia</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>51240</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>91.9306</average_value>
      <max_value>252.5</max_value>
      <min_value>5.903000093</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Coriander</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Coriandrum sativum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4047</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>European chestnut</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Castanea sativa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>21020</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>European cranberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vaccinium oxycoccos</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>516948</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Evening primrose</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Oenothera biennis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3942</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Evergreen blackberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Rubus laciniatus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>31.91</average_value>
      <max_value>31.91</max_value>
      <min_value>31.91</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Fenugreek</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Trigonella foenum-graecum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>78534</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Fruit juice</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Garden tomato (var.)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>397755</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Grape</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vitis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3603</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Grape wine</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Guava</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Psidium guajava</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>120290</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Highbush blueberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vaccinium corymbosum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>69266</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>4.033417</average_value>
      <max_value>10.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.629166654</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Japanese walnut</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Juglans ailanthifolia</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>91209</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>80.666667</average_value>
      <max_value>145.666666667</max_value>
      <min_value>15.666666667</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Java plum</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Syzygium cumini</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>260142</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Liquor</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>1.22</average_value>
      <max_value>1.220000029</max_value>
      <min_value>1.220000029</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Lowbush blueberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vaccinium angustifolium</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>472369</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Muscadine grape</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vitis rotundifolia</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>103349</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.915893</average_value>
      <max_value>0.934285713</max_value>
      <min_value>0.897499993</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Peach</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Prunus persica</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3760</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Pecan nut</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Carya illinoinensis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>32201</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Pomegranate</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Punica granatum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>22663</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>9.671667</average_value>
      <max_value>17.280000687</max_value>
      <min_value>2.063333313</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rabbiteye blueberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vaccinium virgatum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>3.01</average_value>
      <max_value>3.01</max_value>
      <min_value>3.01</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Red raspberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Rubus idaeus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>32247</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>37.440527</average_value>
      <max_value>150.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.841153851</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Robusta coffee</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Coffea canephora</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>49390</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rubus (Blackberry, Raspberry)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Rubus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>23216</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>37.788334</average_value>
      <max_value>43.666666667</max_value>
      <min_value>31.910001119</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rum</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>0.213</average_value>
      <max_value>0.213000002</max_value>
      <min_value>0.213000002</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rye bread</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Spirit</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>1.132639</average_value>
      <max_value>1.132638931</max_value>
      <min_value>1.132638931</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Strawberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Fragaria X ananassa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3747</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>30.847322</average_value>
      <max_value>63.0</max_value>
      <min_value>1.238235292</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Strawberry guava</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Psidium cattleianum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>375274</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Tropical highland blackberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Rubus adenotrichos</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>2.0</average_value>
      <max_value>2.0</max_value>
      <min_value>2.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Turnip</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Brassica rapa var. rapa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>51350</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>1.3244</average_value>
      <max_value>1.324399948</max_value>
      <min_value>1.324399948</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Whisky</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>0.830106</average_value>
      <max_value>0.830106042</max_value>
      <min_value>0.830106042</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
  </foods>
  <flavors>
  </flavors>
  <enzymes>
  </enzymes>
  <health_effects>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Abortifacient</name>
      <id>13</id>
      <definition>A chemical substance that interrupts pregnancy after implantation.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Aldose reductase inhibitor</name>
      <id>40</id>
      <definition>An EC 1.1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of aldehyde reductase (EC 1.1.1.21).</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor</name>
      <id>18</id>
      <definition>An EC 3.4.15.* (peptidyl-dipeptidase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of peptidyl-dipeptidase A (EC 3.4.15.1).</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti aflatoxin</name>
      <id>92</id>
      <definition>A substance that diminishes the rate of a chemical reaction.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti bacterial</name>
      <id>145</id>
      <definition>A substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti cariogenic</name>
      <id>165</id>
      <definition>Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti glucose-tolerance-factor</name>
      <id>313</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti HIV</name>
      <id>333</id>
      <definition>A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti hyperthyroid</name>
      <id>353</id>
      <definition>Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti periodontic</name>
      <id>515</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti peroxidant</name>
      <id>519</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti plasmodial</name>
      <id>532</id>
      <definition>A substance that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti septic</name>
      <id>603</id>
      <definition>A substance that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-anaphylactic</name>
      <id>111</id>
      <definition>Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-cancer</name>
      <id>159</id>
      <definition>A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-cataract</name>
      <id>168</id>
      <definition>Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-gingivitic</name>
      <id>298</id>
      <definition>Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-inflammatory</name>
      <id>370</id>
      <definition>A substance that reduces or suppresses inflammation.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-malarial</name>
      <id>416</id>
      <definition>A substance that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-mutagenic</name>
      <id>451</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-oxidant</name>
      <id>502</id>
      <definition>A substance that opposes oxidation or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides. In European countries, E-numbers for permitted antioxidant food additives are from E 300 to E 324.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-plaque</name>
      <id>531</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-streptococcic</name>
      <id>631</id>
      <definition>A substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-thyroid</name>
      <id>654</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-viral</name>
      <id>689</id>
      <definition>A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-yeast</name>
      <id>697</id>
      <definition>A substance that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Antitumor</name>
      <id>672</id>
      <definition>A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Apoptotic</name>
      <id>704</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Astringent</name>
      <id>712</id>
      <definition>A compound that causes the contraction of body tissues, typically used to reduce bleeding from minor abrasions.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Cancer preventive</name>
      <id>754</id>
      <definition>A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Candida-secreted-aspartyl-proteinase inhibitor</name>
      <id>755</id>
      <definition>A substance that diminishes the rate of a chemical reaction.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Cytotoxic</name>
      <id>859</id>
      <definition>A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof which causes the development of a pathological process.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Deiodinase inhibitor</name>
      <id>865</id>
      <definition>A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Detoxicant</name>
      <id>877</id>
      <definition>Any protective agent counteracting or neutralizing the action of poisons.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Glucosyl-transferase inhibitor</name>
      <id>953</id>
      <definition>A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Hemostatic</name>
      <id>977</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Hepatoprotective</name>
      <id>981</id>
      <definition>Any compound that is able to prevent damage to the liver.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>HIV-reverse-transcriptase inhibitor</name>
      <id>994</id>
      <definition>A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Juvabional</name>
      <id>1058</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Pesticide</name>
      <id>1210</id>
      <definition>Strictly, a substance intended to kill pests. In common usage, any substance used for controlling, preventing, or destroying animal, microbiological or plant pests.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Quinone-reductase inducer</name>
      <id>1277</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Sunscreen</name>
      <id>1337</id>
      <definition>Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Topoisomerase-I antagonist</name>
      <id>1367</id>
      <definition>A topoisomerase inhibitor that inhibits the bacterial enzymes of the DNA topoisomerases, Type I class (EC 5.99.1.2) that catalyze ATP-independent breakage of one of the two strands of DNA, passage of the unbroken strand through the break, and rejoining of the broken strand. These bacterial enzymes reduce the topological stress in the DNA structure by relaxing negatively, but not positively, supercoiled DNA.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Xanthine oxidase inhibitor</name>
      <id>1431</id>
      <definition>An EC 1.17.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2 with oxygen as acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of xanthine oxidase (EC 1.17.3.2).</definition>
    </health_effect>
  </health_effects>
</compound>
