1.0 2010-04-08 22:11:29 UTC 2025-11-19 00:49:54 UTC FDB014816 Aflatoxin B1 Production by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Toxin causing Turkey X disease. One of the most potent carcinogens known in animals. Potential food contaminant especies in grains and nuts Aflatoxins are naturally occurring mycotoxins that are produced by many species of Aspergillus, a fungus, most notably Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. At least 13 different types of aflatoxin are produced in nature. Aflatoxin B1 is considered the most toxic and is produced by both Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. The native habitat of Aspergillus is in soil, decaying vegetation, hay, and grains undergoing microbiological deterioration and it invades all types of organic substrates whenever conditions are favorable for its growth. Favorable conditions include high moisture content (at least 7%) and high temperature. Aflatoxins B1 (AFB1) are contaminants of improperly stored foods; they are potent genotoxic and carcinogenic compounds, exerting their effects through damage to DNA. They can also induce mutations that increase oxidative damage. (PMID: 17214555). Crops which are frequently affected by Aspergillus contamination include cereals (maize, sorghum, pearl millet, rice, wheat), oilseeds (peanut, soybean, sunflower, cotton), spices (chile peppers, black pepper, coriander, turmeric, ginger), and tree nuts (almond, pistachio, walnut, coconut, brazil nut). Aflatoxin B1 is found in cereals and cereal products, nuts, and corn. (-)-Aflatoxin B1 AFB1 AFBI Aflatoxin B1 Aflatoxin B1 Dihydrochloride, (6aR-cis)-Isomer Aflatoxin B1, cis(+,-)-Isomer Aflatoxin-B1 C17H12O6 312.2736 312.063388116 11-methoxy-6,8,19-trioxapentacyclo[10.7.0.0²,⁹.0³,⁷.0¹³,¹⁷]nonadeca-1,4,9,11,13(17)-pentaene-16,18-dione aflatoxin 1162-65-8 COC1=C2C3=C(C(=O)CC3)C(=O)OC2=C2C3C=COC3OC2=C1 InChI=1S/C17H12O6/c1-20-10-6-11-14(8-4-5-21-17(8)22-11)15-13(10)7-2-3-9(18)12(7)16(19)23-15/h4-6,8,17H,2-3H2,1H3 OQIQSTLJSLGHID-UHFFFAOYSA-N belongs to the class of organic compounds known as difurocoumarocyclopentenones. These are polycyclic aromatic compounds containing a cyclopenten-2-one ring fused to the coumarin moiety of the difurocoumarin skeleton. Difurocoumarocyclopentenones Organic compounds Phenylpropanoids and polyketides Coumarins and derivatives Furanocoumarins Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds 1-benzopyrans Acetals Alkyl aryl ethers Anisoles Aryl alkyl ketones Coumarans Dihydrofurans Heteroaromatic compounds Hydrocarbon derivatives Lactones Organic oxides Oxacyclic compounds Pyranones and derivatives 1-benzopyran Acetal Alkyl aryl ether Anisole Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound Aryl alkyl ketone Aryl ketone Benzenoid Benzopyran Coumaran Difurocoumarocyclopentenone Dihydrofuran Ether Heteroaromatic compound Hydrocarbon derivative Ketone Lactone Organic oxide Organic oxygen compound Organoheterocyclic compound Organooxygen compound Oxacycle Pyran Pyranone Aflatoxins Aflatoxins and related substances Aflatoxins and related substances a secondary metabolite Solid logp 1.73 ALOGPS logs -3.13 ALOGPS solubility 2.33e-01 g/l ALOGPS melting_point Mp 268-269° dec. logp 1.58 ChemAxon pka_strongest_acidic 17.79 ChemAxon pka_strongest_basic -4.4 ChemAxon iupac 11-methoxy-6,8,19-trioxapentacyclo[10.7.0.0²,⁹.0³,⁷.0¹³,¹⁷]nonadeca-1,4,9,11,13(17)-pentaene-16,18-dione ChemAxon average_mass 312.2736 ChemAxon mono_mass 312.063388116 ChemAxon smiles COC1=C2C3=C(C(=O)CC3)C(=O)OC2=C2C3C=COC3OC2=C1 ChemAxon formula C17H12O6 ChemAxon inchi InChI=1S/C17H12O6/c1-20-10-6-11-14(8-4-5-21-17(8)22-11)15-13(10)7-2-3-9(18)12(7)16(19)23-15/h4-6,8,17H,2-3H2,1H3 ChemAxon inchikey OQIQSTLJSLGHID-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChemAxon polar_surface_area 71.06 ChemAxon refractivity 78.59 ChemAxon polarizability 30.07 ChemAxon rotatable_bond_count 1 ChemAxon acceptor_count 5 ChemAxon donor_count 0 ChemAxon physiological_charge 0 ChemAxon formal_charge 0 ChemAxon Specdb::CMs 20778 Specdb::CMs 27008 Specdb::CMs 99933 Specdb::EiMs 1155 Specdb::MsMs 86640 Specdb::MsMs 86641 Specdb::MsMs 86642 Specdb::MsMs 148977 Specdb::MsMs 148978 Specdb::MsMs 148979 Specdb::MsMs 451839 HMDB06552 2504 #<Reference:0x000055ce318884e8> Anatidae Type 1 specific Anatidae 8830 Beefalo Type 1 specific Bos taurus X Bison bison 297284 Bison Type 1 specific Bison bison 9901 Breakfast cereal Type 2 specific Buffalo Type 1 specific Bubalus bubalis 89462 Cattle (Beef, Veal) Type 1 specific Bos taurus 9913 Cereals and cereal products Unknown generic Chicken Type 1 specific Gallus gallus 9031 Columbidae (Dove, Pigeon) Type 1 specific Columbidae 8930 Corn Type 1 specific Zea mays 4577 Deer Type 1 specific Cervidae 9850 Domestic goat Type 1 specific Capra aegagrus hircus 9925 Domestic pig Type 1 specific Sus scrofa domestica 9825 Elk Type 1 specific Cervus canadensis 1574408 Emu Type 1 specific Dromaius novaehollandiae 8790 European rabbit Type 1 specific Oryctolagus 9984 Greylag goose Type 1 specific Anser anser 8843 Guinea hen Type 1 specific Numida meleagris 8996 Horse Type 1 specific Equus caballus 9796 Mallard duck Type 1 specific Anas platyrhynchos 8839 Mountain hare Type 1 specific Lepus timidus 62621 Mule deer Type 1 specific Odocoileus 9871 Nuts Unknown generic Ostrich Type 1 specific Struthio camelus 8801 Pheasant Type 1 specific Phasianus colchicus 9054 Quail Type 1 specific Phasianidae 9005 Rabbit Type 1 specific Leporidae 9979 Rock ptarmigan Type 1 specific Lagopus muta 64668 Sheep (Mutton, Lamb) Type 1 specific Ovis aries 9940 Squab Type 1 specific Columba 8931 Turkey Type 1 specific Meleagris gallopavo 9103 Velvet duck Type 1 specific Melanitta fusca 371864 Wild boar Type 1 specific Sus scrofa 9823 Aflatoxin B1 aldehyde reductase member 2 O43488 AKR7A2 Aflatoxin B1 aldehyde reductase member 3 O95154 AKR7A3 Aflatoxin B1 aldehyde reductase member 4 Q8NHP1 AKR7L