<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2011-04-08 16:49:06 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2025-11-19 02:39:39 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>FDB021789</accession>
  <name>alpha-Lactose</name>
  <description>Alpha-pyranose form of the compound lactose [CCD]</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>1-beta-D-Galactopyranosyl-4-alpha-D-glucopyranose</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Lactose</synonym>
    <synonym>beta-D-Galactopyranosyl-(1-&gt;4)-alpha-D-glucopyranose</synonym>
    <synonym>beta-D-Galactopyranosyl-(1-&gt;4)-alpha-D-glucose</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C12H22O11</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>342.2965</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>342.116211546</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}oxane-3,4,5-triol</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>α-lactose</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>14641-93-1</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(15)6(16)9(19)12(22-3)23-10-4(2-14)21-11(20)8(18)7(10)17/h3-20H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5+,6+,7-,8-,9-,10-,11+,12+/m1/s1</inchi>
  <inchikey>GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as o-glycosyl compounds. These are glycoside in which a sugar group is bonded through one carbon to another group via a O-glycosidic bond.</description>
    <direct_parent>O-glycosyl compounds</direct_parent>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Organic oxygen compounds</super_class>
    <class>Organooxygen compounds</class>
    <sub_class>Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates</sub_class>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Acetals</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Disaccharides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hemiacetals</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Oxacyclic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Oxanes</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Polyols</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Primary alcohols</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Secondary alcohols</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Acetal</substituent>
      <substituent>Alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Disaccharide</substituent>
      <substituent>Hemiacetal</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>O-glycosyl compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organoheterocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Oxacycle</substituent>
      <substituent>Oxane</substituent>
      <substituent>Polyol</substituent>
      <substituent>Primary alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Secondary alcohol</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>lactose</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <state/>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>-3.01</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>0.23</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>5.86e+02 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <experimental_properties>
  </experimental_properties>
  <property>
    <kind>logp</kind>
    <value>-4.7</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
    <value>11.25</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
    <value>-3</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>iupac</kind>
    <value>(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}oxane-3,4,5-triol</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>average_mass</kind>
    <value>342.2965</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>mono_mass</kind>
    <value>342.116211546</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>smiles</kind>
    <value>OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formula</kind>
    <value>C12H22O11</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchi</kind>
    <value>InChI=1S/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(15)6(16)9(19)12(22-3)23-10-4(2-14)21-11(20)8(18)7(10)17/h3-20H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5+,6+,7-,8-,9-,10-,11+,12+/m1/s1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchikey</kind>
    <value>GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
    <value>189.53</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>refractivity</kind>
    <value>68.34</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polarizability</kind>
    <value>30.92</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
    <value>4</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
    <value>11</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>donor_count</kind>
    <value>8</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formal_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrTwoD</type>
      <spectrum_id>986</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrTwoD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1192</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>426</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>427</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>428</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>23173</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>37343</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>148314</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>148316</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>148318</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>148320</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>148322</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>148324</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>148327</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>148328</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>148331</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>164052</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>279669</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1052873</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1052875</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1052877</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1052878</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1052881</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1052883</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1052884</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1052886</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1052888</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1154</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1196</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>6052</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>6053</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>6054</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>6055</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>6056</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>6057</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>6058</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>6059</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>6060</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>6061</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>6062</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>6063</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>6064</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>6065</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>6066</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>6067</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>6068</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>6069</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>6070</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>6071</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>166517</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>292</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>293</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>294</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>317407</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>317408</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>317409</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>363868</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>363869</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>363870</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2729182</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2729183</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2729184</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2980160</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2980161</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2980162</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <hmdb_id>HMDB0000186</hmdb_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id/>
  <chemspider_id/>
  <kegg_id/>
  <chebi_id>36219</chebi_id>
  <biocyc_id/>
  <het_id/>
  <wikipidia/>
  <vmh_id/>
  <fbonto_id/>
  <foodb_id/>
  <general_references>
  </general_references>
  <foods>
    <food>
      <name>Anatidae</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Anatidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8830</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Beefalo</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bos taurus X Bison bison</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>297284</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Bison</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bison bison</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9901</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Buffalo</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bubalus bubalis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>89462</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cattle (Beef, Veal)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bos taurus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9913</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Chicken</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Gallus gallus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9031</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Columbidae (Dove, Pigeon)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Columbidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8930</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cow milk, pasteurized, vitamin A + D added, 0% fat</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific></name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cow milk, pasteurized, vitamin A + D added, 1% fat</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific></name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cow milk, pasteurized, vitamin A + D added, 2% fat</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific></name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cow milk, pasteurized, vitamin D added, 3.25% fat</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific></name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Deer</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cervidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9850</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Domestic goat</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Capra aegagrus hircus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9925</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Domestic pig</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Sus scrofa domestica</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9825</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Elk</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cervus canadensis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>1574408</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Emu</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Dromaius novaehollandiae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8790</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>European rabbit</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Oryctolagus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9984</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Greylag goose</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Anser anser</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8843</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Guinea hen</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Numida meleagris</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8996</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Horse</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Equus caballus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9796</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Mallard duck</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Anas platyrhynchos</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8839</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Milk (Cow)</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific></name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>125582.615067</average_value>
      <max_value>145780.0474</max_value>
      <min_value>18.989</min_value>
      <unit>uM</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Mountain hare</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Lepus timidus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>62621</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Mule deer</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Odocoileus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9871</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Ostrich</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Struthio camelus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8801</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Pheasant</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Phasianus colchicus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9054</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Quail</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Phasianidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9005</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rabbit</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Leporidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9979</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rock ptarmigan</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Lagopus muta</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>64668</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Sheep (Mutton, Lamb)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Ovis aries</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9940</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Squab</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Columba</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8931</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Turkey</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Meleagris gallopavo</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9103</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Velvet duck</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Melanitta fusca</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>371864</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Wild boar</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Sus scrofa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9823</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
  </foods>
  <flavors>
  </flavors>
  <enzymes>
  </enzymes>
  <health_effects>
  </health_effects>
</compound>
