Record Information
Version1.0
Creation date2011-09-21 00:10:33 UTC
Update date2015-10-09 22:28:43 UTC
Primary IDFDB022227
Secondary Accession NumbersNot Available
Chemical Information
FooDB NameGlycogen
DescriptionGlycogen is a highly-branched polymer of about 30,000 glucose residues and has a molecular weight between 106 and 107 daltons (4.8 million approx.). Most of Glc units are linked by alpha-1,4 glycosidic bonds, approximately 1 in 12 Glc residues also makes -1,6 glycosidic bond with a second Glc which results in the creation of a branch. Glycogen only has one reducing end and a large number of non-reducing ends with a free hydroxyl group at carbon 4. The glycogen granules contain both glycogen and the enzymes of glycogen synthesis (glycogenesis) and degradation (glycogenolysis). The enzymes are nested between the outer branches of the glycogen molecules and act on the non-reducing ends. Therefore, the many non-reducing end-branches of glycogen facilitate its rapid synthesis and breakdown. In hypoglycemia caused by excessive insulin, liver glycogen levels are high, but the high insulin level prevents the glycogenolysis necessary to maintain normal blood sugar levels. Glucagon is a common treatment for this type of hypoglycemia. Glycogen is a polysaccharide that is the principal storage form of glucose (Glc) in animal and human cells. Glycogen is found in the form of granules in the cytosol in many cell types. Hepatocytes (liver cells) have the highest concentration of it - up to 8% of the fresh weight in well fed state, or 100 to 120 g in an adult - giving liver a distinctive, 'starchy taste'. In the muscles, glycogen is found in a much lower concentration (1% of the muscle mass), but the total amount exceeds that in liver. Small amounts of glycogen are found in the kidneys, and even smaller amounts in certain glial cells in the brain and white blood cells. [HMDB]
CAS Number9005-79-2
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility343 g/LALOGPS
logP-2.7ALOGPS
logP-8.2ChemAxon
logS-0.29ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)11.19ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3.7ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count21ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count14ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area347.83 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count10ChemAxon
Refractivity133.16 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability61.39 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings4ChemAxon
BioavailabilityNoChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Chemical FormulaC24H42O21
IUPAC name(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-2-({[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C24H42O21/c25-1-5-9(28)11(30)16(35)22(41-5)39-4-8-20(45-23-17(36)12(31)10(29)6(2-26)42-23)14(33)18(37)24(43-8)44-19-7(3-27)40-21(38)15(34)13(19)32/h5-38H,1-4H2/t5-,6-,7-,8-,9-,10-,11+,12+,13-,14-,15-,16-,17-,18-,19-,20-,21+,22+,23-,24-/m1/s1
InChI KeyBYSGBSNPRWKUQH-UJDJLXLFSA-N
Isomeric SMILESOC[C@H]1O[C@H](OC[C@H]2O[C@H](O[C@H]3[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)O[C@@H]3CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2O[C@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O
Average Molecular Weight666.5777
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight666.221858406
Classification
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as oligosaccharides. These are carbohydrates made up of 3 to 10 monosaccharide units linked to each other through glycosidic bonds.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic oxygen compounds
ClassOrganooxygen compounds
Sub ClassCarbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
Direct ParentOligosaccharides
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Oligosaccharide
  • O-glycosyl compound
  • Glycosyl compound
  • Oxane
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Hemiacetal
  • Oxacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Polyol
  • Acetal
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary alcohol
  • Alcohol
  • Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Disposition

Source:

Biological location:

Role

Biological role:

Physico-Chemical Properties
Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental
Spectra
Spectra
EI-MS/GC-MS
TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_1_1, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_1_2, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_1_3, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_1_4, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_1_5, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_1_6, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_1_7, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_1_8, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_1_9, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_1_10, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_1_11, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_1_12, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_1_13, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_1_14, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_2_1, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_2_2, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_2_3, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_2_4, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_2_5, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_2_6, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_2_7, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_2_8, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_2_9, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_2_10, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSGlycogen, TMS_2_11, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
MS/MS
TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-000b-0401739000-7d2f2aaa7732e23ef9fe2015-09-15View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-000i-0505921000-56fc10eb2d6cb63bc4872015-09-15View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0043-1906412000-81ae228fd873321b008c2015-09-15View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0gbj-0400339000-de452d5dddd55d2855ff2015-09-15View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-004s-3901435000-bc5da17144e98986d7b12015-09-15View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-004i-4839321000-4dfca4172b8470e37b092015-09-15View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-066r-0100029000-b6e0ee6c4d7da972d4032021-09-23View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0cfr-8200197000-418a1a524982d51ac37c2021-09-23View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-052o-9112031000-54aa8775ffd121394c792021-09-23View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-014j-0000219000-3e1e676b7e59ddc5e4002021-09-25View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0ap1-1202269000-46a5b5753a69d2459f1c2021-09-25View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-00mp-9105250000-f7a96871cd5435e63e922021-09-25View Spectrum
NMR
TypeDescriptionView
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, D2O, experimental)Spectrum
2D NMR[1H, 1H]-TOCSY. Unexported temporarily by An Chi on Oct 15, 2021 until json or nmrML file is generated. 2D NMR Spectrum (experimental)Spectrum
2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)Spectrum
ChemSpider ID388322
ChEMBL IDNot Available
KEGG Compound IDC00182
Pubchem Compound ID439177
Pubchem Substance IDNot Available
ChEBI ID28087
Phenol-Explorer IDNot Available
DrugBank IDNot Available
HMDB IDHMDB00757
CRC / DFC (Dictionary of Food Compounds) IDNot Available
EAFUS IDNot Available
Dr. Duke IDNot Available
BIGG IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
HET IDNot Available
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
Flavornet IDNot Available
GoodScent IDNot Available
SuperScent IDNot Available
Wikipedia IDGlycogen
Phenol-Explorer Metabolite IDNot Available
Duplicate IDSNot Available
Old DFC IDSNot Available
Associated Foods
FoodContent Range AverageReference
AnatidaeExpected but not quantifiedNot AvailableHMDB
BeefaloExpected but not quantifiedNot AvailableHMDB
BisonExpected but not quantifiedNot AvailableHMDB
BuffaloExpected but not quantifiedNot AvailableHMDB
Cattle (Beef, Veal)Expected but not quantifiedNot AvailableHMDB
ChickenExpected but not quantifiedNot AvailableHMDB
Columbidae (Dove, Pigeon)Expected but not quantifiedNot AvailableHMDB
DeerExpected but not quantifiedNot AvailableHMDB
Domestic goatExpected but not quantifiedNot AvailableHMDB
Domestic pigExpected but not quantifiedNot AvailableHMDB
Showing 1 to 10 of 29 entries
Biological Effects and Interactions
Health Effects / BioactivitiesNot Available
Enzymes
Pathways
MetabolismNot Available
BiosynthesisNot Available
Organoleptic Properties
FlavoursNot Available
Files
MSDSshow
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
General ReferenceNot Available
Content Reference