1.0 2011-09-21 00:12:16 UTC 2025-11-19 02:41:26 UTC FDB022331 Threonic acid Threonic acid also known as threonate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sugar acids. Sugar acids are compounds containing a saccharide unit which bears a carboxylic acid group. Threonic acid is a weak acid (based on its pKa). Threonic acid is derived from threose. The L-isomer is a metabolite of ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Threonic acid is probably derived from glycated proteins or from the degradation of ascorbic acid. It is a normal component is aqueous humour and blood (PMID: 10420182). One recent study suggested that because L-threonate inhibits DKK1 expression in vitro, it may have potential in the treatment of androgenic alopecia (PMID: 21034532). Threonic acid is a substrate of L-threonate 3-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.129) in the ascorbate and aldarate metabolism pathway (KEGG). Threonate has also been found to be a microbial metabolite (PMID: 20615997). (R*,S*)-2,3,4-trihydroxy-Butanoate (R*,S*)-2,3,4-trihydroxy-Butanoic acid threo-2,3,4-Trihydroxybutyrate threo-2,3,4-Trihydroxybutyric acid threonate C4H8O5 136.1033 136.037173366 (2S,3R)-2,3,4-trihydroxybutanoic acid threonic acid 3909-12-4 OC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C(O)=O InChI=1S/C4H8O5/c5-1-2(6)3(7)4(8)9/h2-3,5-7H,1H2,(H,8,9)/t2-,3+/m1/s1 JPIJQSOTBSSVTP-GBXIJSLDSA-N belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sugar acids and derivatives. Sugar acids and derivatives are compounds containing a saccharide unit which bears a carboxylic acid group. Sugar acids and derivatives Organic compounds Organic oxygen compounds Organooxygen compounds Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates Aliphatic acyclic compounds Alpha hydroxy acids and derivatives Beta hydroxy acids and derivatives Carbonyl compounds Carboxylic acids Fatty acids and conjugates Hydrocarbon derivatives Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives Monosaccharides Organic oxides Polyols Primary alcohols Secondary alcohols Short-chain hydroxy acids and derivatives Alcohol Aliphatic acyclic compound Alpha-hydroxy acid Beta-hydroxy acid Carbonyl group Carboxylic acid Carboxylic acid derivative Fatty acid Hydrocarbon derivative Hydroxy acid Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives Monosaccharide Organic oxide Polyol Primary alcohol Secondary alcohol Short-chain hydroxy acid Sugar acid threonic acid Solid logp -2.11 ALOGPS logs 0.55 ALOGPS solubility 4.88e+02 g/l ALOGPS logp -2.1 ChemAxon pka_strongest_acidic 3.4 ChemAxon pka_strongest_basic -3 ChemAxon iupac (2S,3R)-2,3,4-trihydroxybutanoic acid ChemAxon average_mass 136.1033 ChemAxon mono_mass 136.037173366 ChemAxon smiles OC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C(O)=O ChemAxon formula C4H8O5 ChemAxon inchi InChI=1S/C4H8O5/c5-1-2(6)3(7)4(8)9/h2-3,5-7H,1H2,(H,8,9)/t2-,3+/m1/s1 ChemAxon inchikey JPIJQSOTBSSVTP-GBXIJSLDSA-N ChemAxon polar_surface_area 97.99 ChemAxon refractivity 26.35 ChemAxon polarizability 11.61 ChemAxon rotatable_bond_count 3 ChemAxon acceptor_count 5 ChemAxon donor_count 4 ChemAxon physiological_charge -1 ChemAxon formal_charge 0 ChemAxon Specdb::NmrOneD 1614 Specdb::NmrTwoD 1555 Specdb::CMs 12493 Specdb::CMs 32354 Specdb::CMs 37855 Specdb::CMs 99638 Specdb::MsMs 1336 Specdb::MsMs 1337 Specdb::MsMs 1338 Specdb::MsMs 293506 Specdb::MsMs 293507 Specdb::MsMs 293508 Specdb::MsMs 333985 Specdb::MsMs 333986 Specdb::MsMs 333987 Specdb::MsMs 1471174 Specdb::MsMs 1471195 HMDB00943 15908 #<Reference:0x000055ce30f9cb18> #<Reference:0x000055ce30f9c938> #<Reference:0x000055ce30f9c690> #<Reference:0x000055ce30f9c3e8> #<Reference:0x000055ce30f9c078> Milk (Cow) Type 2 specific