1.0 2011-09-21 00:17:38 UTC 2019-11-26 03:21:05 UTC FDB022665 Phosphocreatine Phosphocreatine undergoes irreversible cyclization and dehydration to form creatinine at a fractional rate of 0.026 per day, thus forming approximately 2 g creatinine/day in an adult male. This is the amount of creatine that must be provided either from dietary sources or by endogenous synthesis to maintain the body pool of (creatine and) phosphocreatine. Creatine is an amino acid that plays a vital role as phosphocreatine in regenerating adenosine triphosphate in skeletal muscle to energize muscle contraction. Creatine is phosphorylated to phosphocreatine in muscle in a reaction that is catalyzed by the enzyme creatine kinase. This enzyme is in highest concentration in muscle and nerve. Oral administration increases muscle stores. During the past decade, creatine has assumed prominence as an ergogenic (and legal) aid for professional and elite athletes. Most (~ 95%) of the total body creatine-phosphocreatine pool is in muscle (more in skeletal muscle than in smooth muscle) and amounts to 120 g (or 925 mmol) in a 70 kg adult male. Approximately 60-67% of the content in resting muscle is in the phosphorylated form. This generates enough ATP at the myofibrillar apparatus to power about 4 seconds of muscle contraction in exercise. Phosphocreatine reacts with ADP to yield ATP and creatine; the reversible reaction is catalyzed by creatine kinase. phosphocreatine is the chief store of high-energy phosphates in muscle. Thus, this reaction, which permits the rephosphorylation of ADP to ATP, is the immediate source of energy in muscle contraction. During rest, metabolic processes regenerate phosphocreatine stores. In normal muscle, ATP that is broken down to ADP is immediately rephosphorylated to ATP. Thus, phosphocreatine serves as a reservoir of ATP-synthesizing potential. phosphocreatine is the only fuel available to precipitously regenerate ATP during episodes of rapid fluctuations in demand. The availability of phosphocreatine likely limits muscle performance during brief, high-power exercise, i.e., maximal exercise of short duration. With near maximal isometric contraction, the rate of utilization of phosphocreatine declines after 1-2 seconds of contraction, prior to the glycolysis peak at approximately 3 seconds. (PMID: 10079702, Nutr Rev. 1999 Feb;57(2):45-50.) [HMDB] {[imino(onoamino)methyl](methyl)amino}acetate {[imino(onoamino)methyl](methyl)amino}acetic acid Creatine ate Creatine ic acid Creatine phosphate Creatine phosphic acid Creatine-ate creatine-P creatine-phosphate Creatineoric acid Creatinephosphoric acid N-(N-Onoamido)sarcosine N-(Onoamidino)-sarcosine N-(Onoamidino)sarcosine N-(phosphonoamidino)-Sarcosine N-(Phosphonoamidino)sarcosine N-[Imino(onoamino)methyl]-N-methyl-glycine N-[imino(phosphonoamino)methyl]-N-methyl-Glycine N-Ocreatine N-Orocreatine N-Orylcreatine N-phosphocreatine N-Phosphorocreatine N-Phosphorylcreatine N(Omega)-onocreatine neo-ton Ocreatine Orylcreatine P-creatine phosphocreatine phosphorylcreatine C4H10N3O5P 211.1131 211.035806957 2-(N-methyl-N'-phosphonocarbamimidamido)acetic acid creatine-phosphate 67-07-2 CN(CC(O)=O)C(=N)NP(O)(O)=O InChI=1S/C4H10N3O5P/c1-7(2-3(8)9)4(5)6-13(10,11)12/h2H2,1H3,(H,8,9)(H4,5,6,10,11,12) DRBBFCLWYRJSJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha amino acids and derivatives. These are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon), or a derivative thereof. Alpha amino acids and derivatives Organic compounds Organic acids and derivatives Carboxylic acids and derivatives Amino acids, peptides, and analogues Aliphatic acyclic compounds Carbonyl compounds Carboxylic acids Guanidines Hydrocarbon derivatives Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives Organic oxides Organic phosphoric acids and derivatives Organopnictogen compounds Aliphatic acyclic compound Alpha-amino acid or derivatives Carbonyl group Carboxylic acid Guanidine Hydrocarbon derivative Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives Organic nitrogen compound Organic oxide Organic oxygen compound Organic phosphoric acid derivative Organonitrogen compound Organooxygen compound Organopnictogen compound phosphagen phosphoamino acid Solid logp -2.01 ALOGPS logs -1.78 ALOGPS solubility 3.52e+00 g/l ALOGPS logp -2.3 ChemAxon pka_strongest_acidic -1.1 ChemAxon pka_strongest_basic 13.53 ChemAxon iupac 2-(N-methyl-N'-phosphonocarbamimidamido)acetic acid ChemAxon average_mass 211.1131 ChemAxon mono_mass 211.035806957 ChemAxon smiles CN(CC(O)=O)C(=N)NP(O)(O)=O ChemAxon formula C4H10N3O5P ChemAxon inchi InChI=1S/C4H10N3O5P/c1-7(2-3(8)9)4(5)6-13(10,11)12/h2H2,1H3,(H,8,9)(H4,5,6,10,11,12) ChemAxon inchikey DRBBFCLWYRJSJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChemAxon polar_surface_area 133.95 ChemAxon refractivity 53.18 ChemAxon polarizability 16.82 ChemAxon rotatable_bond_count 3 ChemAxon acceptor_count 7 ChemAxon donor_count 5 ChemAxon physiological_charge -2 ChemAxon formal_charge 0 ChemAxon Arginine and Proline Metabolism SMP00020 map00330 Specdb::CMs 6920 Specdb::CMs 38102 Specdb::CMs 157401 Specdb::NmrTwoD 1078 Specdb::NmrTwoD 1660 Specdb::MsMs 1616 Specdb::MsMs 1617 Specdb::MsMs 1618 Specdb::MsMs 5363 Specdb::MsMs 5364 Specdb::MsMs 5365 Specdb::MsMs 5366 Specdb::MsMs 5367 Specdb::MsMs 5368 Specdb::MsMs 5369 Specdb::MsMs 5370 Specdb::MsMs 250530 Specdb::MsMs 250531 Specdb::MsMs 250532 Specdb::MsMs 270468 Specdb::MsMs 270469 Specdb::MsMs 270470 Specdb::MsMs 446852 Specdb::MsMs 446853 Specdb::MsMs 446854 Specdb::MsMs 446855 Specdb::MsMs 446856 Specdb::MsMs 447276 Specdb::MsMs 451932 Specdb::MsMs 451958 Specdb::NmrOneD 1720 Specdb::NmrOneD 96318 Specdb::NmrOneD 96319 Specdb::NmrOneD 96320 Specdb::NmrOneD 96321 Specdb::NmrOneD 96322 Specdb::NmrOneD 96323 Specdb::NmrOneD 96324 Specdb::NmrOneD 96325 Specdb::NmrOneD 96326 Specdb::NmrOneD 96327 Specdb::NmrOneD 96328 Specdb::NmrOneD 96329 Specdb::NmrOneD 96330 Specdb::NmrOneD 96331 Specdb::NmrOneD 96332 Specdb::NmrOneD 96333 Specdb::NmrOneD 96334 Specdb::NmrOneD 96335 Specdb::NmrOneD 96336 Specdb::NmrOneD 96337 HMDB01511 17287 #<Reference:0x000055ce3337ab98> #<Reference:0x000055ce3337a9e0> #<Reference:0x000055ce3337a7d8> #<Reference:0x000055ce3337a5d0> #<Reference:0x000055ce3337a3f0> #<Reference:0x000055ce3337a1e8> #<Reference:0x000055ce33379fe0> #<Reference:0x000055ce33379e00> #<Reference:0x000055ce33379c20> #<Reference:0x000055ce33379a18> #<Reference:0x000055ce33379838> #<Reference:0x000055ce33379658> #<Reference:0x000055ce33379450> #<Reference:0x000055ce333791a8> #<Reference:0x000055ce33378f78> #<Reference:0x000055ce33378d48> #<Reference:0x000055ce33378b68> #<Reference:0x000055ce333788e8> #<Reference:0x000055ce33378730> #<Reference:0x000055ce33378528> #<Reference:0x000055ce33378320> Anatidae Type 1 specific Anatidae 8830 Beefalo Type 1 specific Bos taurus X Bison bison 297284 Bison Type 1 specific Bison bison 9901 Buffalo Type 1 specific Bubalus bubalis 89462 Cattle (Beef, Veal) Type 1 specific Bos taurus 9913 Chicken Type 1 specific Gallus gallus 9031 Columbidae (Dove, Pigeon) Type 1 specific Columbidae 8930 Deer Type 1 specific Cervidae 9850 Domestic goat Type 1 specific Capra aegagrus hircus 9925 Domestic pig Type 1 specific Sus scrofa domestica 9825 Elk Type 1 specific Cervus canadensis 1574408 Emu Type 1 specific Dromaius novaehollandiae 8790 European rabbit Type 1 specific Oryctolagus 9984 Greylag goose Type 1 specific Anser anser 8843 Guinea hen Type 1 specific Numida meleagris 8996 Horse Type 1 specific Equus caballus 9796 Mallard duck Type 1 specific Anas platyrhynchos 8839 Milk (Cow) Type 2 specific 47.56 60.35 30.0 uM Mountain hare Type 1 specific Lepus timidus 62621 Mule deer Type 1 specific Odocoileus 9871 Ostrich Type 1 specific Struthio camelus 8801 Pheasant Type 1 specific Phasianus colchicus 9054 Quail Type 1 specific Phasianidae 9005 Rabbit Type 1 specific Leporidae 9979 Rock ptarmigan Type 1 specific Lagopus muta 64668 Sheep (Mutton, Lamb) Type 1 specific Ovis aries 9940 Squab Type 1 specific Columba 8931 Turkey Type 1 specific Meleagris gallopavo 9103 Velvet duck Type 1 specific Melanitta fusca 371864 Wild boar Type 1 specific Sus scrofa 9823 Creatine kinase B-type P12277 CKB Creatine kinase M-type P06732 CKM Creatine kinase S-type, mitochondrial P17540 CKMT2 Creatine kinase U-type, mitochondrial P12532 CKMT1A