<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2011-09-21 00:19:39 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2025-11-19 02:42:31 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>FDB022789</accession>
  <name>Methionine sulfoxide</name>
  <description>Methionine sulfoxide is an oxidation product of methionine with reactive oxygen species via 2-electron-dependent mechanism. Such oxidants can be generated from activated neutrophils; therefore, methionine sulfoxide can be regarded as a biomarker of oxidative stress in vivo. (PMID 12576054) [HMDB]. Methionine sulfoxide is found in many foods, some of which are romaine lettuce, white cabbage, dill, and yellow bell pepper.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>2-amino-4-(methylsulfinyl)-Butanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-amino-4-(methylsulfinyl)-Butanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-amino-gamma-(methylsulfinyl)-Butyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>DL-Methionine sulfoxide</synonym>
    <synonym>L-methionine (S)-S-oxide</synonym>
    <synonym>L-methionine R-oxide</synonym>
    <synonym>L-Methionine sulfoxide</synonym>
    <synonym>Met-so</synonym>
    <synonym>Methionine sulphoxide</synonym>
    <synonym>S-oxide-methionine</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C5H11NO3S</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>165.211</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>165.045963913</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>2-amino-4-methanesulfinylbutanoic acid</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>DL-methionine sulfoxide</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>62697-73-8</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>CS(=O)CCC(N)C(O)=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C5H11NO3S/c1-10(9)3-2-4(6)5(7)8/h4H,2-3,6H2,1H3,(H,7,8)</inchi>
  <inchikey>QEFRNWWLZKMPFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha amino acids. These are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon).</description>
    <direct_parent>Alpha amino acids</direct_parent>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Organic acids and derivatives</super_class>
    <class>Carboxylic acids and derivatives</class>
    <sub_class>Amino acids, peptides, and analogues</sub_class>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic acyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Amino acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carbonyl compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carboxylic acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monoalkylamines</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organopnictogen compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Sulfinyl compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Sulfoxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Thia fatty acids</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Aliphatic acyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Alpha-amino acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Amine</substituent>
      <substituent>Amino acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Fatty acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Fatty acyl</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic nitrogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organonitrogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organopnictogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organosulfur compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Primary aliphatic amine</substituent>
      <substituent>Primary amine</substituent>
      <substituent>Sulfinyl compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Sulfoxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Thia fatty acid</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>S-oxide</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>a small molecule</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>methionine derivative</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <state>Solid</state>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>-2.40</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-0.49</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>5.40e+01 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <experimental_properties>
  </experimental_properties>
  <property>
    <kind>logp</kind>
    <value>-4.6</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
    <value>1.74</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
    <value>9.11</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>iupac</kind>
    <value>2-amino-4-methanesulfinylbutanoic acid</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>average_mass</kind>
    <value>165.211</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>mono_mass</kind>
    <value>165.045963913</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>smiles</kind>
    <value>CS(=O)CCC(N)C(O)=O</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formula</kind>
    <value>C5H11NO3S</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchi</kind>
    <value>InChI=1S/C5H11NO3S/c1-10(9)3-2-4(6)5(7)8/h4H,2-3,6H2,1H3,(H,7,8)</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchikey</kind>
    <value>QEFRNWWLZKMPFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
    <value>80.39</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>refractivity</kind>
    <value>39.34</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polarizability</kind>
    <value>16.04</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
    <value>4</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
    <value>4</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>donor_count</kind>
    <value>2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formal_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <name>Methionine Metabolism</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP00033</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id>map00270</kegg_map_id>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrTwoD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1774</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1834</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>4847</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>4848</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>799</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>800</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>801</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1434</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>21006</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>31380</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>32238</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>32239</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>32240</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>38219</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>118877</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>123499</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>126135</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>868377</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>868378</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>868379</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1941</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1942</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1943</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>179766</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>179767</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>179768</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>182100</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>182101</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>182102</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2231963</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2232206</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2234397</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2234561</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>3426738</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>3426739</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>3426740</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>3426741</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>3426742</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>3426743</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <hmdb_id>HMDB02005</hmdb_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id/>
  <chemspider_id/>
  <kegg_id/>
  <chebi_id/>
  <biocyc_id/>
  <het_id/>
  <wikipidia/>
  <vmh_id/>
  <fbonto_id/>
  <foodb_id/>
  <general_references>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x000055ce3204d318&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x000055ce3204d160&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x000055ce3204cfa8&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x000055ce3204cdf0&gt;</reference>
  </general_references>
  <foods>
    <food>
      <name>Anatidae</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Anatidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8830</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Barley</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Hordeum vulgare</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4513</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>11.321691</average_value>
      <max_value>11.32338202</max_value>
      <min_value>11.32</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Beefalo</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bos taurus X Bison bison</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>297284</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Bison</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bison bison</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9901</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Broccoli</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Brassica oleracea var. italica</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>36774</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>1.84</average_value>
      <max_value>1.84</max_value>
      <min_value>1.84</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Buffalo</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bubalus bubalis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>89462</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Carrot</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Daucus carota ssp. sativus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>79200</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.38</average_value>
      <max_value>0.38</max_value>
      <min_value>0.38</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cattle (Beef, Veal)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bos taurus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9913</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Chicken</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Gallus gallus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9031</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Columbidae (Dove, Pigeon)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Columbidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8930</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cucumber</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cucumis sativus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3659</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.73</average_value>
      <max_value>0.73</max_value>
      <min_value>0.73</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Deer</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cervidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9850</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Dill</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Anethum graveolens</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>40922</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>1.68</average_value>
      <max_value>1.68</max_value>
      <min_value>1.68</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Domestic goat</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Capra aegagrus hircus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9925</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Domestic pig</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Sus scrofa domestica</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9825</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Eggplant</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Solanum melongena</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4111</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.03</average_value>
      <max_value>0.03</max_value>
      <min_value>0.03</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Elk</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cervus canadensis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>1574408</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Emu</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Dromaius novaehollandiae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8790</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>European rabbit</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Oryctolagus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9984</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Garden onion</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Allium cepa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4679</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.18</average_value>
      <max_value>0.18</max_value>
      <min_value>0.18</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Green bean</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Phaseolus vulgaris</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3885</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>2.22</average_value>
      <max_value>2.22</max_value>
      <min_value>2.22</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Green bell pepper</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Capsicum annuum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4072</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.1</average_value>
      <max_value>0.1</max_value>
      <min_value>0.1</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Green zucchini</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cucurbita pepo var. cylindrica</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>1.05</average_value>
      <max_value>1.05</max_value>
      <min_value>1.05</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Greylag goose</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Anser anser</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8843</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Guinea hen</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Numida meleagris</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8996</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Horse</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Equus caballus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9796</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Japanese pumpkin</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cucurbita maxima</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3661</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.53</average_value>
      <max_value>0.53</max_value>
      <min_value>0.53</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Mallard duck</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Anas platyrhynchos</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8839</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Milk (Cow)</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific></name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Mountain hare</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Lepus timidus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>62621</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Mule deer</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Odocoileus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9871</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Orange bell pepper</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Capsicum annuum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4072</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.8</average_value>
      <max_value>0.8</max_value>
      <min_value>0.8</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Ostrich</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Struthio camelus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8801</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Pheasant</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Phasianus colchicus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9054</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Potato</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Solanum tuberosum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4113</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.5</average_value>
      <max_value>0.5</max_value>
      <min_value>0.5</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Quail</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Phasianidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9005</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rabbit</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Leporidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9979</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Red beetroot</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Beta vulgaris var. rubra</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>1.06</average_value>
      <max_value>1.06</max_value>
      <min_value>1.06</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Red bell pepper</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Capsicum annuum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4072</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.479989</average_value>
      <max_value>0.48</max_value>
      <min_value>0.479978526</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rock ptarmigan</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Lagopus muta</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>64668</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Romaine lettuce</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>0.2</average_value>
      <max_value>0.2</max_value>
      <min_value>0.2</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Saskatoon berry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Amelanchier alnifolia</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>32219</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.2</average_value>
      <max_value>0.2</max_value>
      <min_value>0.2</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Sheep (Mutton, Lamb)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Ovis aries</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9940</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Spinach</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Spinacia oleracea</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3562</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.48</average_value>
      <max_value>0.48</max_value>
      <min_value>0.48</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Squab</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Columba</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8931</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Sunburst squash (pattypan squash)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cucurbita pepo var. clypeata</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>0.84</average_value>
      <max_value>0.84</max_value>
      <min_value>0.84</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Swiss chard</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Beta vulgaris ssp. cicla</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>1527200</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>1.349862</average_value>
      <max_value>1.35</max_value>
      <min_value>1.34972373</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Turkey</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Meleagris gallopavo</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9103</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Turnip</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Brassica rapa var. rapa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>51350</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.19</average_value>
      <max_value>0.19</max_value>
      <min_value>0.19</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Velvet duck</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Melanitta fusca</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>371864</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>White cabbage</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L. f. alba DC.</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>0.64</average_value>
      <max_value>0.64</max_value>
      <min_value>0.64</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Wild boar</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Sus scrofa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9823</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Yellow bell pepper</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Capsicum annuum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4072</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.58</average_value>
      <max_value>0.58</max_value>
      <min_value>0.58</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Yellow wax bean</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Phaseolus vulgaris</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3885</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>1.3</average_value>
      <max_value>1.3</max_value>
      <min_value>1.3</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Yellow zucchini</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cucurbita pepo var. cylindrica</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>0.61</average_value>
      <max_value>0.61</max_value>
      <min_value>0.61</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
  </foods>
  <flavors>
  </flavors>
  <enzymes>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase B2, mitochondrial</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q9Y3D2</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>MSRB2</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase B3</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q8IXL7</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>MSRB3</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Mitochondrial peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q9UJ68</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>MSRA</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
  </enzymes>
  <health_effects>
  </health_effects>
</compound>
