Showing Compound Ganglioside GM2 (d18:1/22:1(13Z)) (FDB028580)

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation date

2011-09-21 01:41:51 UTC

Update date

2015-07-21 06:59:28 UTC

Primary ID

FDB028580

Secondary Accession Numbers

Not Available

Chemical Information

FooDB Name

Ganglioside GM2 (d18:1/22:1(13Z))

Description

Ganglioside GM2 (d18:1/22:1(13Z)) is a ganglioside. Ganglioside is a compound composed of a glycosphingolipid (ceramide and oligosaccharide) with one or more sialic acids (AKA n-acetylneuraminic acid, NANA) linked on the sugar chain. The 60+ known gangliosides differ mainly in the position and number of NANA residues. It is a component of the cell plasma membrane that modulates cell signal transduction events. It appears that they concentrate in lipid rafts. They have recently been found to be highly important in immunology. Natural and semisynthetic gangliosides are considered possible therapeutics for neurodegenerative disorders.[1] Gangliosides are more complex glycosphingolipids in which oligosaccharide chains containing N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuNAc) are attached to a ceramide. NeuNAc, an acetylated derivative of the carbohydrate sialic acid, makes the head groups of Gangliosides anionic. NB: the M in GM2 stands for monosialo, i.e., one NeuNAc residue. GM2 is the second monosialo ganglioside characterized, thus the subscript 2. Their structural diversity results from variation in the composition and sequence of the sugar residues. In all Gangliosides, the ceramide is linked through its C-1 to a beta-glucosyl residue, which, in turn, is bound to a beta-galactosyl residue. [Wikipedia] Particularly, Ganglioside GM2 (d18:1/22:1(13Z)) is a GM2 ganglioside. A glycosphingolipid (ceramide and oligosaccharide) or oligoglycosylceramide with one or more sialic acids (i.e. n-acetylneuraminic acid) linked on the sugar chain. It is a component the cell plasma membrane which modulates cell signal transduction events. Gangliosides have been found to be highly important in immunology. Ganglioside GM2 carries a net-negative charge at pH 7.0 and is acidic. Gangliosides can amount to 6% of the weight of lipids from brain, but they are found at low levels in all animal tissues. G(M2) Ganglioside accumulates due to a deficiency of hexosaminidase A or B (beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase), or GM2 activator protein, resulting in Gangliosidoses. Gangliosidoses include heredity metabolic disorders that include Tay-Sachs disease and Sandhoff disease. Gangliosides GM2 is especially common in the nervous tissue of the brain. In the United States, about 1 in 27 to 1 in 30 Ashkenazi Jews is a recessive carrier. French Canadians and the Cajun community of Louisiana have an occurrence similar to the Ashkenazi Jews. Gangliosides are glycosphingolipids. There are four types of glycosphingolipids, the cerebrosides, sulfatides, globosides and gangliosides. Gangliosides are very similar to globosides except that they also contain N-acetyl neuraminic acid (NANA) in varying amounts. The specific names for the gangliosides provide information about their structure. The letter G refers to ganglioside, and the subscripts M, D, T and Q indicate that the molecule contains mono-, di-, tri and quatra-sialic acid. The numbered subscripts 1, 2 and 3 refer to the carbohydrate sequence that is attached to the ceramide. In particular, 1 stands for GalGalNAcGalGlc-ceramide, 2 stands for GalNAcGalGlc-ceramide and 3 stands for GalGlc-ceramide. Deficiencies in lysosomal enzymes that degrade the carbohydrate portions of various gangliosides are responsible for a number of lysosomal storage diseases such as Tay-Sachs disease, Sandhoff disease, and GM1 gangliosidosis. The carbohydrate portion of the ganglioside GM1 is the site of attachment of cholera toxin, the protein secreted by Vibrio cholerae. [HMDB]

CAS Number

Not Available

Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	0.029 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	3.87	ALOGPS
logP	6.18	ChemAxon
logS	-4.7	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	2.82	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-3.6	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	-1	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	26	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	16	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	449.4 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	53	ChemAxon
Refractivity	364.94 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	162.05 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	4	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	No	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	No	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	Yes	ChemAxon

Chemical Formula

C72H128N2O26

IUPAC name

(2S,4S,5R)-2-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3-{[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(2-oxopropyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-{[(2S,3R)-2-(docos-13-enamido)-3-hydroxyoctadec-4-en-1-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy}-5-acetamido-4-hydroxy-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl]oxane-2-carboxylic acid

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C72H128N2O26/c1-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-19-20-21-22-23-24-26-28-30-32-34-36-38-56(84)74-49(50(81)37-35-33-31-29-27-25-18-16-14-12-10-8-6-2)45-93-69-62(89)61(88)64(54(43-77)95-69)97-70-63(90)67(65(55(44-78)96-70)98-68-48(39-46(3)79)58(85)60(87)53(42-76)94-68)100-72(71(91)92)40-51(82)57(73-47(4)80)66(99-72)59(86)52(83)41-75/h19-20,35,37,48-55,57-70,75-78,81-83,85-90H,5-18,21-34,36,38-45H2,1-4H3,(H,73,80)(H,74,84)(H,91,92)/t48-,49+,50-,51+,52-,53-,54-,55-,57-,58-,59-,60+,61-,62-,63-,64-,65+,66?,67-,68+,69-,70+,72+/m1/s1

InChI Key

ALHHPRFACCFRKW-XHKZMPLESA-N

Isomeric SMILES

[H][C@@](O)(CO)[C@@]([H])(O)C1O[C@@](C[C@]([H])(O)[C@@]1([H])NC(C)=O)(O[C@]1([H])[C@@]([H])(O)[C@]([H])(O[C@]2([H])[C@@]([H])(CO)O[C@@]([H])(OC[C@]([H])(NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC)[C@]([H])(O)C=CCCCCCCCCCCCCC)[C@]([H])(O)[C@@]2([H])O)O[C@]([H])(CO)[C@]1([H])O[C@]1([H])O[C@]([H])(CO)[C@]([H])(O)[C@]([H])(O)[C@@]1([H])CC(C)=O)C(O)=O

Average Molecular Weight

1437.7845

Monoisotopic Molecular Weight

1436.875532278

Classification

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as gangliosides. These are lipid molecules composed of a glycosphingolipid (ceramide and saccharide) with one or more sialic acids linked on the sugar chain. They are usually oligoglycosylceramides derived from lactosylceramide and containing a sialic acid residue such as N-acetylneuraminic acid.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Lipids and lipid-like molecules

Class

Sphingolipids

Sub Class

Glycosphingolipids

Direct Parent

Gangliosides

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Neuaca2-3galb1-4glcb-cer_backbone
Glycosyl-n-acylsphingosine
Oligosaccharide
N-acylneuraminic acid or derivatives
N-acylneuraminic acid
Neuraminic acid
Fatty acyl glycoside
C-glucuronide
Alkyl glycoside
O-glycosyl compound
Glycosyl compound
C-glycosyl compound
Ketal
Fatty acyl
Pyran
Oxane
N-acyl-amine
Fatty amide
Acetamide
Secondary carboxylic acid amide
Secondary alcohol
Ketone
Carboxamide group
Oxacycle
Organoheterocyclic compound
Polyol
Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
Carboxylic acid
Carboxylic acid derivative
Acetal
Organic nitrogen compound
Organic oxygen compound
Organopnictogen compound
Organic oxide
Hydrocarbon derivative
Primary alcohol
Organooxygen compound
Organonitrogen compound
Carbonyl group
Alcohol
Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds

External Descriptors

Not Available

Ontology

No ontology term

Physico-Chemical Properties

Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental

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Property	Value	Reference
Boiling Point	Not Available
Charge	Not Available
Density	Not Available
Experimental logP	Not Available
Experimental pKa	Not Available
Experimental Water Solubility	Not Available
Isoelectric point	Not Available
Mass Composition	Not Available
Melting Point	Not Available
Optical Rotation	Not Available

Showing 1 to 10 of 14 entries

Spectra

Not Available

External Links

ChemSpider ID

Not Available

ChEMBL ID

Not Available

KEGG Compound ID

Not Available

Pubchem Compound ID

53481187

Pubchem Substance ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

Not Available

Phenol-Explorer ID

Not Available

DrugBank ID

Not Available

HMDB ID

HMDB11911

CRC / DFC (Dictionary of Food Compounds) ID

Not Available

EAFUS ID

Not Available

Dr. Duke ID

Not Available

BIGG ID

Not Available

KNApSAcK ID

Not Available

HET ID

Not Available

Food Biomarker Ontology

Not Available

VMH ID

Not Available

Flavornet ID

Not Available

GoodScent ID

Not Available

SuperScent ID

Not Available

Wikipedia ID

Not Available

Phenol-Explorer Metabolite ID

Not Available

Duplicate IDS

Not Available

Old DFC IDS

Not Available

Associated Foods

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Food	Content Range	Average	Reference

Anatidae	Expected but not quantified	Not Available	HMDB
Beefalo	Expected but not quantified	Not Available	HMDB
Bison	Expected but not quantified	Not Available	HMDB
Buffalo	Expected but not quantified	Not Available	HMDB
Cattle (Beef, Veal)	Expected but not quantified	Not Available	HMDB
Chicken	Expected but not quantified	Not Available	HMDB
Columbidae (Dove, Pigeon)	Expected but not quantified	Not Available	HMDB
Deer	Expected but not quantified	Not Available	HMDB
Domestic goat	Expected but not quantified	Not Available	HMDB
Domestic pig	Expected but not quantified	Not Available	HMDB

Showing 1 to 10 of 29 entries

Biological Effects and Interactions

Health Effects / Bioactivities

Not Available

Enzymes

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Name	Gene Name	UniProt ID
Alpha-N-acetylneuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase	ST8SIA1	Q92185
Antigen-presenting glycoprotein CD1d	CD1D	P15813
Beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase 4	B3GALT4	O96024
Beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase 5	B3GALT5	Q9Y2C3
Beta-1,4 N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1	B4GALNT1	Q00973
Epididymal secretory protein E1	NPC2	P61916
Ganglioside GM2 activator	GM2A	P17900
GPI ethanolamine phosphate transferase 1	PIGN	O95427
GPI ethanolamine phosphate transferase 2	PIGG	Q5H8A4
GPI ethanolamine phosphate transferase 3	PIGO	Q8TEQ8