1.0 2011-09-21 01:52:13 UTC 2025-11-19 02:57:05 UTC FDB029229 Isoniazid Isoniazid (also called isonicotinyl hydrazine or INH; sold as Laniazid, Nydrazid) is an organic compound that is the first-line antituberculosis medication in prevention and treatment. First discovered in 1912 as an inhibitor of the MAO enzyme, it was first used as an antidepressant, but discontinued due to side effects. In 1951, it was later discovered that isoniazid was effective against TB. Isoniazid is never used on its own to treat active tuberculosis because resistance quickly develops.; Isoniazid is a bactericidal agent active against organisms of the genus Mycobacterium, specifically M. tuberculosis, M. bovis and M. kansasii. It is a highly specific agent, ineffective against other microorganisms. Isoniazid is bactericidal to rapidly-dividing mycobacteria, but is bacteriostatic if the mycobacterium is slow-growing.; Isoniazid is a prodrug and must be activated by bacterial catalase. It is activated by catalase-peroxidase enzyme KatG which couples the isonicotinic acyl with NADH to form isonicotinic acyl-NADH complex. This complex binds tightly to ketoenoylreductase known as InhA, thereby blocking the natural enoyl-AcpM substrate and the action of fatty acid synthase. This process inhibits the synthesis of mycolic acid required for the mycobacterial cell wall. A range of radicals are produced by KatG activation of Isoniazid, including nitric oxide, that has also been shown to be important in the action of another antimycobacterial prodrug PA824. [HMDB] (HBD) Human beta-defensin-1 & INH 4-(Hydrazinocarbonyl)pyridine 4-Pyridinecarbonylhydrazine 4-Pyridinecarboxylic acid hydrazide 4-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, hydrazide 4-Pyridinecarboxylic hydrazide 4-Pyridylcarbonyl hydrazide 4-Pyridylcarbonylhydrazide Abdizide Amidon Andrazide Anidrasona Antimicina Antituberkulosum Armacide Armazid Armazide Atcotibine Azt + isoniazid Azuren Bacillen Bacillin Cedin Cedin (aerosol) Cemidon Chemiazid Chemidon Continazine Cortinazine Cotinazin Cotinizin Defonin Dibutin Diforin Dinacrin Ditubin Dom-Isoniazid 300mg Tablets Dow-isoniazid Ebidene Eralon Ertuban Eutizon Evalon Fetefu Fimalene FRS-3 FSR 3 FSR-3 Ftivazide GINK HIA Hid rasonil Hidranizil Hidrasonil Hidrulta Hidrun Hycozid Hydra Hydrazid Hydrazide Hydrazide, isonicotinic acid Hyozid Hyzyd I.a.I I.a.I. I3377_FLUKA I3377_SIGMA Ido-tebin Idrazide dell'acido isonicotinico [italian] Idrazil INAH INH Inh-burgthal INHd20 Inizid Iscotin Isidrina Ismazide Isobicina Isocid Isocidene Isoco tin Isocotin Isohydrazide Isokin Isolyn Isonerit Isonex Isoniacid Isoniazid (JP15/USP/INN) Isoniazid [ban:inn:jan] Isoniazid [inn:ban:jan] Isoniazid & CRL8131 Isoniazid & eep Isoniazid & propolis Isoniazid daily for 9 months Isoniazid sa Isoniazid(isonicotinic acid) Isoniazida [inn-spanish] Isoniazide Isoniazidum [inn-latin] Isonicazide Isonicid Isonico Isonicotan Isonicotil Isonicotinate hydrazide Isonicotinhydrazid Isonicotinic acid hydrazide Isonicotinic hydrazide Isonicotinohydrazide isonicotinohydrazide (ACD/Name 4.0) Isonicotinoyl hydrazide Isonicotinoylhydrazide Isonicotinoylhydrazine Isonicotinsaeurehydrazid [german] Isonicotinyl hydrazide Isonicotinyl hydrazine Isonicotinylhydrazide Isonicotinylhydrazine Isonide Isonidrin Isonikazid Isonilex Isonin Isonindon Isonirit Isoniton Isonizida Isonizide Isopyrin Isotamine Isotamine powder Isotamine Syr Pediatric 50mg/5ml Isotamine-100 Isotamine-300 Isotebe Isotebezid Isotinyl Isozid Isozid e Isozide Isozyd ISZ Laniazid Laniazid (TN) Laniozid Lanizid Mixture name Mybasan nchembio884-comp3 Neo-tizide Neoteben Neoxin Neumandin Nevin Niadrin Niazid Nicazide Nicetal Nicizina Niconyl Nicotibina Nicotibine Nicotisan Nicozide Nidaton Nidra zid Nidrazid Nikozid Niplen Nitadon Niteban Nitebannsc 9659 Nydrazid Nyscozid Pelazid Percin Phthisen Phthivazide Pms-Isoniazid 100mg/Tab Pms-Isoniazid 300mg/Tab Pms-Isoniazid Syrup 50mg/5ml Pms-Isoniazid Tab 50mg Preparation 6424 Prestwick_578 Pycazide Pyreazid Pyricidin Pyridicin pyridine-4-carbohydrazide Pyrizidin Raumanon Razide Retozide Rifamate Rifater Rimicid Rimif on Rimifon Rimiphone Rimitsid Robiselin Robisellin Roxifen Ru-ef-TB RY-ef-TB Sanohidrazina Sauterazid Sauterzid Stanozide TB-phlogin TB-razide TB-vis Tebecid Tebemid Tebenic Tebexin Tebilon Tebos Teebaconin Tekazin Tibazide Tibemid Tibiazide Tibison Tibivis Tibusan Tubazid Tubazide Tubeco Tubecotubercid Tubercid Tuberian Tubicon Tubilysin Tubizid Tubomel Tyvid Unicocyde Unicozyde Usaf cb-2 Vazadrine Vederon WLN: T6NJ DVMZ Zidafimia Zinadon Zonazide C6H7N3O 137.1393 137.058911861 pyridine-4-carbohydrazide isoniazid 54-85-3 NNC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 InChI=1S/C6H7N3O/c7-9-6(10)5-1-3-8-4-2-5/h1-4H,7H2,(H,9,10) QRXWMOHMRWLFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyridinecarboxylic acids and derivatives. Pyridinecarboxylic acids and derivatives are compounds containing a pyridine ring bearing a carboxylic acid group or a derivative thereof. Pyridinecarboxylic acids and derivatives Organic compounds Organoheterocyclic compounds Pyridines and derivatives Pyridinecarboxylic acids and derivatives Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds Azacyclic compounds Carboxylic acid hydrazides Heteroaromatic compounds Hydrocarbon derivatives Organic oxides Organonitrogen compounds Organooxygen compounds Organopnictogen compounds Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound Azacycle Carboxylic acid derivative Carboxylic acid hydrazide Heteroaromatic compound Hydrocarbon derivative Organic nitrogen compound Organic oxide Organic oxygen compound Organonitrogen compound Organooxygen compound Organopnictogen compound Pyridine carboxylic acid or derivatives a small molecule carbohydrazide logp -0.71 ALOGPS logs -0.59 ALOGPS solubility 3.49e+01 g/l ALOGPS logp -0.69 ChemAxon pka_strongest_acidic 13.61 ChemAxon pka_strongest_basic 3.35 ChemAxon iupac pyridine-4-carbohydrazide ChemAxon average_mass 137.1393 ChemAxon mono_mass 137.058911861 ChemAxon smiles NNC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 ChemAxon formula C6H7N3O ChemAxon inchi InChI=1S/C6H7N3O/c7-9-6(10)5-1-3-8-4-2-5/h1-4H,7H2,(H,9,10) ChemAxon inchikey QRXWMOHMRWLFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChemAxon polar_surface_area 68.01 ChemAxon refractivity 37.46 ChemAxon polarizability 13.21 ChemAxon rotatable_bond_count 1 ChemAxon acceptor_count 3 ChemAxon donor_count 2 ChemAxon physiological_charge 0 ChemAxon formal_charge 0 ChemAxon Specdb::EiMs 761 Specdb::MsIr 3169 Specdb::MsIr 3170 Specdb::MsIr 3171 Specdb::NmrOneD 2448 Specdb::NmrOneD 3136 Specdb::NmrOneD 103078 Specdb::NmrOneD 103079 Specdb::NmrOneD 103080 Specdb::NmrOneD 103081 Specdb::NmrOneD 103082 Specdb::NmrOneD 103083 Specdb::NmrOneD 103084 Specdb::NmrOneD 103085 Specdb::NmrOneD 103086 Specdb::NmrOneD 103087 Specdb::NmrOneD 103088 Specdb::NmrOneD 103089 Specdb::NmrOneD 103090 Specdb::NmrOneD 103091 Specdb::NmrOneD 103092 Specdb::NmrOneD 103093 Specdb::NmrOneD 103094 Specdb::NmrOneD 103095 Specdb::NmrOneD 103096 Specdb::NmrOneD 103097 Specdb::CMs 17893 Specdb::CMs 161833 Specdb::MsMs 69615 Specdb::MsMs 69616 Specdb::MsMs 69617 Specdb::MsMs 127935 Specdb::MsMs 127936 Specdb::MsMs 127937 Specdb::MsMs 438007 Specdb::MsMs 438008 Specdb::MsMs 438009 Specdb::MsMs 438010 Specdb::MsMs 438011 Specdb::MsMs 446400 Specdb::MsMs 446401 Specdb::MsMs 446402 Specdb::MsMs 446403 Specdb::MsMs 446404 Specdb::MsMs 3219745 Specdb::MsMs 3219746 Specdb::MsMs 3219747 Specdb::MsMs 3219748 Specdb::MsMs 3219749 Specdb::MsMs 3219750 HMDB12982 6030