1.02011-09-21 01:52:49 UTC2017-04-03 04:56:44 UTCFDB029262Pentanoyl-CoAPentanoyl coA is a acyl-CoA with the C-5 Acyl chain.
Acyl-CoA (or formyl-CoA) is a coenzyme involved in the metabolism of fatty acids. It is a temporary compound formed when coenzyme A (CoA) attaches to the end of a long-chain fatty acid, inside living cells. The CoA is then removed from the chain, carrying two carbons from the chain with it, forming acetyl-CoA. This is then used in the citric acid cycle to start a chain of reactions, eventually forming many adenosine triphosphates.
To be oxidatively degraded, a fatty acid must first be activated in a two-step reaction catalyzed by acyl-CoA synthetase. First, the fatty acid displaces the diphosphate group of ATP, then coenzyme A (HSCoA) displaces the AMP group to form an Acyl-CoA. The acyladenylate product of the first step has a large free energy of hydrolysis and conserves the free energy of the cleaved phosphoanhydride bond in ATP. The second step, transfer of the acyl group to CoA (the same molecule that carries acetyl groups as acetyl-CoA), conserves free energy in the formation of a thioester bond. Consequently, the overall reaction
Fatty acid + CoA + ATP <=> Acyl-CoA + AMP + PPi
has a free energy change near zero. Subsequent hydrolysis of the product PPi (by the enzyme inorganic pyrophosphatase) is highly exergonic, and this reaction makes the formation of acyl-CoA spontaneous and irreversible.
Fatty acids are activated in the cytosol, but oxidation occurs in the mitochondria. Because there is no transport protein for CoA adducts, acyl groups must enter the mitochondria via a shuttle system involving the small molecule carnitine. [HMDB]Pentanoyl-CoAPentanoyl-Coenzyme AC26H44N7O17P3S851.651851.172723243{[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-({[hydroxy({[hydroxy({3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-3-[(2-{[2-(pentanoylsulfanyl)ethyl]carbamoyl}ethyl)carbamoyl]propoxy})phosphoryl]oxy})phosphoryl]oxy}methyl)oxolan-3-yl]oxy}phosphonic acid[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-({[hydroxy([hydroxy(3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-3-[(2-{[2-(pentanoylsulfanyl)ethyl]carbamoyl}ethyl)carbamoyl]propoxy)phosphoryl]oxy)phosphoryl]oxy}methyl)oxolan-3-yl]oxyphosphonic acid4752-33-4CCCCC(=O)SCCNC(=O)CCNC(=O)C(O)C(C)(C)COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O)N1C=NC2=C1N=CN=C2NInChI=1S/C26H44N7O17P3S/c1-4-5-6-17(35)54-10-9-28-16(34)7-8-29-24(38)21(37)26(2,3)12-47-53(44,45)50-52(42,43)46-11-15-20(49-51(39,40)41)19(36)25(48-15)33-14-32-18-22(27)30-13-31-23(18)33/h13-15,19-21,25,36-37H,4-12H2,1-3H3,(H,28,34)(H,29,38)(H,42,43)(H,44,45)(H2,27,30,31)(H2,39,40,41)/t15-,19-,20-,21?,25-/m1/s1RXUATCUKICAIOA-TVCSPYKZSA-N belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as homogeneous transition metal compounds. These are inorganic compounds containing only metal atoms,with the largest atom being a transition metal atom.Homogeneous transition metal compoundsInorganic compoundsHomogeneous metal compoundsHomogeneous transition metal compoundsHomogeneous transition metala cationiron cationmonoatomic tricationSolidlogp-0.09logs-2.37solubility3.67e+00 g/llogp-4.3pka_strongest_acidic0.82pka_strongest_basic4.01iupac{[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-({[hydroxy({[hydroxy({3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-3-[(2-{[2-(pentanoylsulfanyl)ethyl]carbamoyl}ethyl)carbamoyl]propoxy})phosphoryl]oxy})phosphoryl]oxy}methyl)oxolan-3-yl]oxy}phosphonic acidaverage_mass851.651mono_mass851.172723243smilesCCCCC(=O)SCCNC(=O)CCNC(=O)C(O)C(C)(C)COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O)N1C=NC2=C1N=CN=C2NformulaC26H44N7O17P3SinchiInChI=1S/C26H44N7O17P3S/c1-4-5-6-17(35)54-10-9-28-16(34)7-8-29-24(38)21(37)26(2,3)12-47-53(44,45)50-52(42,43)46-11-15-20(49-51(39,40)41)19(36)25(48-15)33-14-32-18-22(27)30-13-31-23(18)33/h13-15,19-21,25,36-37H,4-12H2,1-3H3,(H,28,34)(H,29,38)(H,42,43)(H,44,45)(H2,27,30,31)(H2,39,40,41)/t15-,19-,20-,21?,25-/m1/s1inchikeyRXUATCUKICAIOA-TVCSPYKZSA-Npolar_surface_area363.63refractivity186.04polarizability76.5rotatable_bond_count23acceptor_count17donor_count9physiological_charge-4formal_charge0Specdb::NmrOneD98698Specdb::NmrOneD98699Specdb::NmrOneD98700Specdb::NmrOneD98701Specdb::NmrOneD98702Specdb::NmrOneD98703Specdb::NmrOneD98704Specdb::NmrOneD98705Specdb::NmrOneD98706Specdb::NmrOneD98707Specdb::NmrOneD98708Specdb::NmrOneD98709Specdb::NmrOneD98710Specdb::NmrOneD98711Specdb::NmrOneD98712Specdb::NmrOneD98713Specdb::NmrOneD98714Specdb::NmrOneD98715Specdb::NmrOneD98716Specdb::NmrOneD98717Specdb::MsMs313045Specdb::MsMs313046Specdb::MsMs313047Specdb::MsMs358450Specdb::MsMs358451Specdb::MsMs358452Specdb::MsMs2810738Specdb::MsMs2810739Specdb::MsMs2810740Specdb::MsMs2895275Specdb::MsMs2895276Specdb::MsMs2895277HMDB13037155361-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase alphaQ99943AGPAT11-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase betaO15120AGPAT21-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase deltaQ9NRZ5AGPAT41-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase epsilonQ9NUQ2AGPAT51-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase gammaQ9NRZ7AGPAT32-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1Q96PD6MOGAT12-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2Q3SYC2MOGAT22-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase 3Q86VF5MOGAT32-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase subunit beta, mitochondrialP21953BCKDHB3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, mitochondrialP42765ACAA23-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, peroxisomalP09110ACAA1Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 10Q6JQN1ACAD10Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 11Q709F0ACAD11Acyl-CoA synthetase family member 2, mitochondrialQ96CM8ACSF2Acyl-CoA synthetase family member 3, mitochondrialQ4G176ACSF3Acyl-CoA synthetase family member 4Q4L235AASDHAcyl-CoA wax alcohol acyltransferase 1Q58HT5AWAT1Acyl-CoA wax alcohol acyltransferase 2Q6E213AWAT2Acyl-CoA-binding proteinP07108DBIAcyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 1Q86TX2ACOT1Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 11Q8WXI4ACOT11Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 2, mitochondrialP49753ACOT2Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 4Q8N9L9ACOT4Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 8O14734ACOT8Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 9, mitochondrialQ9Y305ACOT9Bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferaseQ14032BAATBile acyl-CoA synthetaseQ9Y2P5SLC27A5Cytosolic acyl coenzyme A thioester hydrolaseO00154ACOT7Cytosolic acyl coenzyme A thioester hydrolase-likeQ6ZUV0ACOT7LDiacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1O75907DGAT1Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2Q96PD7DGAT2Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2-like protein 6Q6ZPD8DGAT2L6Dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferaseO15228GNPATEnoyl-CoA delta isomerase 2, mitochondrialO75521ECI2Fatty acid-binding protein, heartP05413FABP3Fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1Q8WVX9FAR1Fatty acyl-CoA reductase 2Q96K12FAR2Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 1, mitochondrialQ9HCL2GPAMGlycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2, mitochondrialQ6NUI2GPAT2Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 3Q53EU6AGPAT9Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 4Q86UL3AGPAT6Glycine N-acyltransferaseQ6IB77GLYATGlycine N-acyltransferase-like protein 1Q969I3GLYATL1Glycine N-acyltransferase-like protein 2Q8WU03GLYATL2Hepatic triacylglycerol lipaseP11150LIPCLipoamide acyltransferase component of branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrialP11182DBTLong-chain fatty acid transport protein 3Q5K4L6SLC27A3Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 4Q6P1M0SLC27A4Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase ACSBG1Q96GR2ACSBG1Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase ACSBG2Q5FVE4ACSBG2Lysocardiolipin acyltransferase 1Q6UWP7LCLAT1Lysophospholipid acyltransferase 5Q6P1A2LPCAT3Lysophospholipid acyltransferase LPCAT4Q643R3LPCAT4Nef-associated protein 1Q9BU70C9orf156Peroxisomal trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductaseQ9BY49PECRPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaQ07869PPARAPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor deltaQ03181PPARDPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaP37231PPARGPutative diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2-like protein 7Q6IED9DGAT2L7Sterol O-acyltransferase 1P35610SOAT1Sterol O-acyltransferase 2O75908SOAT2Trifunctional enzyme subunit beta, mitochondrialP55084HADHBVery long-chain acyl-CoA synthetaseO14975SLC27A2