Showing Compound L-Stachydrine (FDB000463)

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation date

2010-04-08 22:04:34 UTC

Update date

2019-11-26 02:54:51 UTC

Primary ID

FDB000463

Secondary Accession Numbers

Not Available

Chemical Information

FooDB Name

L-Stachydrine

Description

Proline betaine, also known as stachydrine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as proline and derivatives. Proline and derivatives are compounds containing proline or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of proline at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom. Proline betaine exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. Proline betaine is found, on average, in the highest concentration within capers (Capparis spinosa). Proline betaine has also been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as flour, fruit juice, chickens (Gallus gallus), quinoas (Chenopodium quinoa), and common wheats (Triticum aestivum). This could make proline betaine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on Proline betaine.

CAS Number

471-87-4

Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Synonym	Source
(S)-2-Carboxylato-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium	ChEBI
N,N-Dimethyl-L-proline	ChEBI
Stachydrine	ChEBI
L-Proline betaine	Kegg
(2S)-2-Carboxy-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium	HMDB
(S)-2-Carboxy-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium	HMDB
Homostachydrine	HMDB
Prestwick-08g03	HMDB
Dimethylproline	MeSH, HMDB
Stachydrine chloride	MeSH, HMDB
Stachydrine chloride, (S)-isomer	MeSH, HMDB
Stachydrine, (+-)-isomer	MeSH, HMDB
Proline betaine	ChEBI
(2S)-1,1-Dimethylpyrrolidinium-2-carboxylate	biospider
L-Stachydrine	manual
Pyrrolidinium, 2-carboxy-1,1-dimethyl-, inner salt, (2S)-	biospider
S-Stachydrine	manual
Stachydrine; L-form	db_source

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	0.67 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	-2.2	ALOGPS
logP	-3.9	ChemAxon
logS	-2.5	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	2.26	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	2	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	0	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	40.13 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	1	ChemAxon
Refractivity	60.11 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	15.05 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	1	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	Yes	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Chemical Formula

C7H13NO2

IUPAC name

(2S)-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-ium-2-carboxylate

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C7H13NO2/c1-8(2)5-3-4-6(8)7(9)10/h6H,3-5H2,1-2H3/t6-/m0/s1

InChI Key

CMUNUTVVOOHQPW-LURJTMIESA-N

Isomeric SMILES

C[N+]1(C)CCC[C@H]1C([O-])=O

Average Molecular Weight

143.1836

Monoisotopic Molecular Weight

143.094628665

Classification

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as proline and derivatives. Proline and derivatives are compounds containing proline or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of proline at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organic acids and derivatives

Class

Carboxylic acids and derivatives

Sub Class

Amino acids, peptides, and analogues

Direct Parent

Proline and derivatives

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Proline or derivatives
Alpha-amino acid
L-alpha-amino acid
Pyrrolidine carboxylic acid
Pyrrolidine carboxylic acid or derivatives
N-alkylpyrrolidine
Tetraalkylammonium salt
Pyrrolidine
Quaternary ammonium salt
Carboxylic acid salt
Carboxylic acid
Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
Azacycle
Organoheterocyclic compound
Organic oxide
Organopnictogen compound
Organooxygen compound
Organonitrogen compound
Organic nitrogen compound
Organic oxygen compound
Hydrocarbon derivative
Amine
Carbonyl group
Organic salt
Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds

External Descriptors

amino-acid betaine (CHEBI:35280 )
alkaloid (CHEBI:35280 )
N-methyl-L-alpha-amino acid (CHEBI:35280 )
Pyrrolidine alkaloids (C10172 )

Ontology

Disposition

Route of exposure:

Enteral:

Ingestion

Biological location:

Biofluid and excreta:

Source:

Biological:

Plant:

Fabaceae

Role

Industrial application:

Pharmaceutical industry:

Pharmaceutical

Biological role:

Osmolyte

Foods

Fruits and vegetables:

Fruits:

Citrus

Physico-Chemical Properties

Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental

Property	Value	Reference
Physical state	Solid
Physical Description	Not Available
Mass Composition	C 58.72%; H 9.15%; N 9.78%; O 22.35%	DFC
Melting Point	Mp 235 dec. (anhyd.)	DFC
Boiling Point	Not Available
Experimental Water Solubility	Not Available
Experimental logP	Not Available
Experimental pKa	Not Available
Isoelectric point	Not Available
Charge	Not Available
Optical Rotation	[a]D -40.25 (c, 4 in H2O)	DFC
Spectroscopic UV Data	Not Available
Density	Not Available
Refractive Index	Not Available

Spectra

EI-MS/GC-MS

Type	Description	Splash Key	View
Predicted GC-MS	L-Stachydrine, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	splash10-002e-9000000000-36bbb91342358293711a	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	L-Stachydrine, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum

MS/MS

Type	Description	Splash Key	View
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-0bt9-9200000000-395432f0cf8795dd4cf7	2021-09-20	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-0006-0900000000-ea4782d2282bc28329c0	2017-09-01	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-0007-4900000000-75a3b0df6adc0100b9fe	2017-09-01	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-0aou-9000000000-5df24b6079668b584f79	2017-09-01	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-0006-0900000000-34921bec4b2fad07f505	2017-09-01	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-0006-3900000000-da3a14fcb5a4909b775e	2017-09-01	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-000f-9000000000-7b04a861eee46ac86b66	2017-09-01	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-0002-9500000000-135bbe696520934e172e	2021-09-23	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-0002-9100000000-6d9ce7552b62c3e5d66c	2021-09-23	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-059w-9100000000-1648e60acdd97fc80a9d	2021-09-23	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-0006-0900000000-bf6e206b443f53ef90b5	2021-09-25	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-0006-0900000000-bf6e206b443f53ef90b5	2021-09-25	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-0006-9200000000-94164ee813c486cb0b96	2021-09-25	View Spectrum

NMR

Not Available

External Links

ChemSpider ID

ChEMBL ID

KEGG Compound ID

Pubchem Compound ID

Pubchem Substance ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

35280

Phenol-Explorer ID

Not Available

DrugBank ID

Not Available

HMDB ID

HMDB04827

CRC / DFC (Dictionary of Food Compounds) ID

BCP48-N:BCP49-O

EAFUS ID

Not Available

Dr. Duke ID

STACHYDRINE|L-STACHYDRINE

BIGG ID

Not Available

KNApSAcK ID

C00002074

HET ID

Not Available

Food Biomarker Ontology

Not Available

VMH ID

Not Available

Flavornet ID

Not Available

GoodScent ID

Not Available

SuperScent ID

Not Available

Wikipedia ID

Not Available

Phenol-Explorer Metabolite ID

Not Available

Duplicate IDS

Not Available

Old DFC IDS

Not Available

Associated Foods

Food	Content Range	Average	Reference
Food			Reference

Biological Effects and Interactions

Health Effects / Bioactivities

Descriptor	ID	Definition	Reference
Cardiotonic	38070	An agent that strengthens heart muscle contractions, enhancing cardiac output. It plays a biological role in regulating heart function and is therapeutically used to treat heart failure, improving symptoms and exercise tolerance. Key medical uses include managing cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, and congestive heart failure.	DUKE
Emmenagogue		An agent that stimulates blood flow in the pelvic area and uterus, often used to induce or regulate menstruation, treating conditions like amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea.	DUKE
Insectifuge	24852	A substance that repels insects, playing a biological role in plant defense. Therapeutically, it has applications in preventing insect-borne diseases. Key medical uses include topical repellents for malaria, dengue fever, and other vector-borne illnesses, reducing the risk of transmission.	DUKE
Lactagogue		An agent that stimulates milk production, aiding breastfeeding. It promotes lactation, commonly used to treat low milk supply, and supports maternal health in postpartum care.	DUKE
Oxytocic	36063	A hormone that stimulates uterine contractions, playing a key role in childbirth and lactation. Therapeutically, it induces labor, controls postpartum bleeding, and promotes milk letdown. Medical uses include augmenting labor, treating postpartum hemorrhage, and assisting with breastfeeding.	DUKE
Systolic depressant		An agent that reduces systolic blood pressure, lowering the pressure created as the heart contracts and pushes blood through the arteries, used therapeutically to manage hypertension, heart failure, and cardiovascular diseases.	DUKE