1.02010-04-08 22:04:50 UTC2019-11-26 02:55:56 UTCFDB001111Chinese tanninClarifying agent for beer and wine; flavour enhancer, colour modifier, pH control agent. Permitted boiler water additive in generation of steam for use in food contact processes
Tannins are astringent, bitter-tasting plant polyphenols that bind and precipitate proteins. The term tannin refers to the source of tannins used in tanning animal hides into leather; however, the term is widely applied to any large polyphenolic compound containing sufficient hydroxyls and other suitable groups (such as carboxyls) to form strong complexes with proteins and other macromolecules. Tannins have molecular weights ranging from 500 to over 3,000. Tannins are usually divided into hydrolyzable tannins and condensed tannins (proanthocyanidins). At the center of a hydrolyzable tannin molecule, there is a polyol carbohydrate (usually D-glucose). The hydroxyl groups of the carbohydrate are partially or totally esterified with phenolic groups such as gallic acid (in gallotannins) or ellagic acid (in ellagitannins). Hydrolyzable tannins are hydrolyzed by weak acids or weak bases to produce carbohydrate and phenolic acids. Condensed tannins, also known as proanthocyanidins, are polymers of 2 to 50 (or more) flavonoid units that are joined by carbon-carbon bonds, which are not susceptible to being cleaved by hydrolysis. While hydrolyzable tannins and most condensed tannins are water soluble, some very large condensed tannins are insoluble. Tannins may be employed medicinally in antidiarrheal, hemostatic, and antihemorrhoidal compoundsand is also, they produce different colors with ferric chloride (either blue, blue black, or green to greenish black) according to the type of tannin. Examples of gallotannins are the gallic acid esters of glucose in tannic acid (C76H52O46), found in the leaves and bark of many plant species. Foods with tannins include tea, wine and some fruits . [HMDB].Chinese gallotanninChinese tanninCorilaginFEMA 3042Gallotannic acidGallotanninGlyceriteQuebrachoTannic acidTannic acid (JP15/USP)Tannic acid (TN)Tannic acid, acsTannin (tannic acid)C76H52O461701.19851700.1729742762,3-dihydroxy-5-[({3,4,5,6-tetrakis[3,4-dihydroxy-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyloxy)benzoyloxy]oxan-2-yl}methoxy)carbonyl]phenyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoatetannins1401-55-4OC1=CC(=CC(O)=C1O)C(=O)OC1=CC(=CC(O)=C1O)C(=O)OCC1OC(OC(=O)C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(OC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3)=C2)C(OC(=O)C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(OC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3)=C2)C(OC(=O)C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(OC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3)=C2)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(OC(=O)C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C2)=C1InChI=1S/C76H52O46/c77-32-1-22(2-33(78)53(32)92)67(103)113-47-16-27(11-42(87)58(47)97)66(102)112-21-52-63(119-72(108)28-12-43(88)59(98)48(17-28)114-68(104)23-3-34(79)54(93)35(80)4-23)64(120-73(109)29-13-44(89)60(99)49(18-29)115-69(105)24-5-36(81)55(94)37(82)6-24)65(121-74(110)30-14-45(90)61(100)50(19-30)116-70(106)25-7-38(83)56(95)39(84)8-25)76(118-52)122-75(111)31-15-46(91)62(101)51(20-31)117-71(107)26-9-40(85)57(96)41(86)10-26/h1-20,52,63-65,76-101H,21H2LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylpropanes. These are organic compounds containing a phenylpropane moiety.PhenylpropanesOrganic compoundsBenzenoidsBenzene and substituted derivativesPhenylpropanesAromatic homomonocyclic compounds1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoidsAralkylaminesHydrocarbon derivativesOrganooxygen compoundsTrialkylamines1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoidAmineAralkylamineAromatic homomonocyclic compoundHydrocarbon derivativeOrganic nitrogen compoundOrganic oxygen compoundOrganonitrogen compoundOrganooxygen compoundPhenolPhenylpropaneTertiary aliphatic amineTertiary amineSolidlogp4.73logs-3.62solubility4.07e-01 g/lmelting_pointMp 210-215° dec.logp13.51pka_strongest_acidic7.61pka_strongest_basic-4.8iupac2,3-dihydroxy-5-[({3,4,5,6-tetrakis[3,4-dihydroxy-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyloxy)benzoyloxy]oxan-2-yl}methoxy)carbonyl]phenyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoateaverage_mass1701.1985mono_mass1700.172974276smilesOC1=CC(=CC(O)=C1O)C(=O)OC1=CC(=CC(O)=C1O)C(=O)OCC1OC(OC(=O)C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(OC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3)=C2)C(OC(=O)C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(OC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3)=C2)C(OC(=O)C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(OC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3)=C2)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(OC(=O)C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C2)=C1formulaC76H52O46inchiInChI=1S/C76H52O46/c77-32-1-22(2-33(78)53(32)92)67(103)113-47-16-27(11-42(87)58(47)97)66(102)112-21-52-63(119-72(108)28-12-43(88)59(98)48(17-28)114-68(104)23-3-34(79)54(93)35(80)4-23)64(120-73(109)29-13-44(89)60(99)49(18-29)115-69(105)24-5-36(81)55(94)37(82)6-24)65(121-74(110)30-14-45(90)61(100)50(19-30)116-70(106)25-7-38(83)56(95)39(84)8-25)76(118-52)122-75(111)31-15-46(91)62(101)51(20-31)117-71(107)26-9-40(85)57(96)41(86)10-26/h1-20,52,63-65,76-101H,21H2inchikeyLRBQNJMCXXYXIU-UHFFFAOYSA-Npolar_surface_area777.98refractivity393.57polarizability160.49rotatable_bond_count31acceptor_count36donor_count25physiological_charge0formal_charge0HMDB05790American pokeweedType 1specificPhytolacca americana3527ApricotType 1specificPrunus armeniaca3659680.080.080.0mg/100 gArabica coffeeType 1specificCoffea arabica134439000.09000.09000.0mg/100 gAvocadoType 1specificPersea americana34354700.04700.04700.0mg/100 gBeerType 2specific0.0034180.012430.0mg/100 gBilberryType 1specificVaccinium myrtillus18076310750.013000.08500.0mg/100 gBlack elderberryType 1specificSambucus nigra42021720.01720.01720.0mg/100 gBlack teaType 115190.015190.015190.0mg/100 gBlack walnutType 1specificJuglans nigra1671914700.014700.014700.0mg/100 gBlackcurrantType 1specificRibes nigrum785118500.08500.08500.0mg/100 gBorageType 1specificBorago officinalis133633000.03000.03000.0mg/100 gButternutType 1specificJuglans cinerea91214CapersType 1specificCapparis spinosa65558CarawayType 1specificCarum carvi48032CarobType 1specificCeratonia siliqua203401500.01500.01500.0mg/100 gCashew nutType 1specificAnacardium occidentale1719299000.09000.09000.0mg/100 gCeylon cinnamonType 1specificCinnamomum verum128608ChicoryType 1specificCichorium intybus13427Chinese cinnamonType 1specificCinnamomum aromaticum119260ClovesType 1specificSyzygium aromaticum2198683.373.373.37mg/100 gCocoa beanType 1specificTheobroma cacao36417540.07540.07540.0mg/100 gCoconutType 1specificCocos nucifera13894Common grapeType 1specificVitis vinifera29760Common oreganoType 1specificOriganum vulgare393528000.08000.08000.0mg/100 gCommon sageType 1specificSalvia officinalis388685000.05000.05000.0mg/100 gCommon thymeType 1specificThymus vulgaris499929000.09000.09000.0mg/100 gCommon verbenaType 1specificVerbena officinalis79772Common walnutType 1specificJuglans regia512409535.012200.06405.0mg/100 gCorianderType 1specificCoriandrum sativum4047CornmintType 1specificMentha arvensis292239CottonseedType 1specificGossypium36331770.01770.01770.0mg/100 gCuminType 1specificCuminum cyminum52462Custard appleType 1specificAnnona reticulata301862DandelionType 1specificTaraxacum officinale50225DateType 1specificPhoenix dactylifera423451682.52455.0910.0mg/100 gDillType 1specificAnethum graveolens40922EggplantType 1specificSolanum melongena4111200.0200.0200.0mg/100 gEuropean chestnutType 1specificCastanea sativa210206466.6666679000.02400.0mg/100 gEuropean plumType 1specificPrunus domestica37586800.06800.06800.0mg/100 gEvening primroseType 1specificOenothera biennis394211000.011000.011000.0mg/100 gFigType 1specificFicus carica3494German camomileType 1specificMatricaria recutita127986Ginkgo nutsType 1specificGinkgo biloba3311GooseberryType 1specificRibes uva-crispa135518Green teaType 115190.015190.015190.0mg/100 gGuavaType 1specificPsidium guajava12029010466.66666720500.01400.0mg/100 gHerbal teaType 115190.015190.015190.0mg/100 gHorseradishType 1specificArmoracia rusticana3704HyssopType 1specificHyssopus officinalis393246500.06500.06500.0mg/100 gJackfruitType 1specificArtocarpus heterophyllus34893300.03300.03300.0mg/100 gJava plumType 1specificSyzygium cumini260142KiwiType 1specificActinidia chinensis3625950.0950.0950.0mg/100 gLindenType 1specificTilia64580LoquatType 1specificEriobotrya japonica32224MangoType 1specificMangifera indica297807555.015000.0110.0mg/100 gNanceType 1specificByrsonima crassifolia427022755.022755.022755.0mg/100 gOliveType 1specificOlea europaea4146Orange mintType 1specificMentha aquatica1909027400.07400.07400.0mg/100 gPapayaType 1specificCarica papaya3649550.0550.0550.0mg/100 gPeachType 1specificPrunus persica3760800.0800.0800.0mg/100 gPeppermintType 1specificMentha X piperita34256PistachioType 1specificPistacia vera55513PomegranateType 1specificPunica granatum2266312111.66666722000.0170.0mg/100 gPotatoType 1specificSolanum tuberosum41133200.03200.03200.0mg/100 gPurslaneType 1specificPortulaca oleracea46147QuinceType 1specificCydonia oblonga36610Red raspberryType 1specificRubus idaeus322475810.011000.0620.0mg/100 gRed teaType 115190.015190.015190.0mg/100 gRoman camomileType 1specificChamaemelum nobile99037RosemaryType 1specificRosmarinus officinalis39367Sacred lotusType 1specificNelumbo nucifera4432SapodillaType 1specificManilkara zapota37414805.04805.04805.0mg/100 gSea-buckthornberryType 1specificHippophae rhamnoides1935163150.04500.01800.0mg/100 gSesameType 1specificSesamum orientale4182SorrelType 1specificRumex acetosa412418860.012720.05000.0mg/100 gSour cherryType 1specificPrunus cerasus1403116000.06000.06000.0mg/100 gSoursopType 1specificAnnona muricata13337Soy beanType 1specificGlycine max3847SpearmintType 1specificMentha spicata29719Star aniseType 1specificIllicium verum124778Sugar appleType 1specificAnnona squamosa301693Summer savoryType 1specificSatureja hortensis499876250.06250.06250.0mg/100 gSweet basilType 1specificOcimum basilicum39350Sweet marjoramType 1specificOriganum majorana268884TamarindType 1specificTamarindus indica588607000.07000.07000.0mg/100 gTarragonType 1specificArtemisia dracunculus72341TeaType 1specificCamellia sinensis444215190.015190.015190.0mg/100 galdose reductase inhibitor40An EC 1.1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of aldehyde reductase (EC 1.1.1.21).allergenic43A chemical compound which causes the onset of an allergic reaction by interacting with any of the molecular pathways involved in an allergy.anti anacarditic110anti bacterial145A substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria.anti cancer159A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.anti cariogenic165Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.anti colitic196Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.anti decubitic220anti dermatotic227A drug used to treat or prevent skin disorders or for the routine care of skin.anti diarrheic229Any drug found useful in the symptomatic treatment of diarrhoea.anti dysenteric238Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.anti encephalitic255Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.anti enteritic260anti feedant275anti gargantitic289anti gingivitic298Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.anti helmintic72A substance that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans.anti hemorrhoidal322Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.anti hepatotoxic328Any compound that is able to prevent damage to the liver.anti herpetic329A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses.anti HIV333A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses.anti hypertensive352Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.anti lipolytic406anti mutagenic451anti nephritic466Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.anti nitrosaminic480anti obesity486Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.anti ophidic491anti pharyngitic526anti polio538A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses.anti radicular572anti renitic574anti rhinitic587Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.anti septic603A substance that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans.anti stomatitic630anti tonsilitic660Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.anti ulcer676One of various classes of drugs with different action mechanisms used to treat or ameliorate peptic ulcer or irritation of the gastrointestinal tract.anti viral689A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses.antidote236Any protective agent counteracting or neutralizing the action of poisons.antioxidant502A substance that opposes oxidation or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides. In European countries, E-numbers for permitted antioxidant food additives are from E 300 to E 324.antitumor672A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.antitumor promoter673A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.astringent712A compound that causes the contraction of body tissues, typically used to reduce bleeding from minor abrasions.beta-adrenergic receptor blocker727Any agent that acts on an adrenergic receptor or affects the life cycle of an adrenergic transmitter.cancer preventive754A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.carcinogenic762A role played by a chemical compound which is known to induce a process of carcinogenesis by corrupting normal cellular pathways, leading to the acquistion of tumoral capabilities.cardiotoxic772A role played by a chemical compound exihibiting itself through the ability to induce damage to the heart and cardiomyocytes.chelator795A ligand with two or more separate binding sites that can bind to a single metallic central atom, forming a chelate.cyclooxygenase inhibitor849A compound or agent that combines with cyclooxygenases (EC 1.14.99.1) and thereby prevents its substrate-enzyme combination with arachidonic acid and the formation of icosanoids, prostaglandins, and thromboxanes.cytotoxic859A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof which causes the development of a pathological process.detoxicant877Any protective agent counteracting or neutralizing the action of poisons.emetic899flavor936A substance, extract, or preparation for diffusing or imparting an agreeable or attractive smell.glucosyl-transferase inhibitor953A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.hemostat976hepatoprotective981Any compound that is able to prevent damage to the liver.hepatotoxic984A role played by a chemical compound exihibiting itself through the ability to induce damage to the liver in animals.immunostimulant1032A substance that augments, stimulates, activates, potentiates, or modulates the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. A classical agent (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contains bacterial antigens. It could also be endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Its mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy is related to its antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity.immunosuppressant1033An agent that suppresses immune function by one of several mechanisms of action. Classical cytotoxic immunosuppressants act by inhibiting DNA synthesis. Others may act through activation of T-cells or by inhibiting the activation of helper cells. In addition, an immunosuppressive agent is a role played by a compound which is exhibited by a capability to diminish the extent and/or voracity of an immune response.lipoxygenase inhibitor1077A compound or agent that combines with lipoxygenase and thereby prevents its substrate-enzyme combination with arachidonic acid and the formation of the icosanoid products hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid and various leukotrienes.monoamine-oxidase inhibitor1089A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.ornithine-decarboxylase inhibitor1175A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.pesticide1210Strictly, a substance intended to kill pests. In common usage, any substance used for controlling, preventing, or destroying animal, microbiological or plant pests.psychotropic1270A loosely defined grouping of drugs that have effects on psychological function.reverse transcriptase inhibitor1295An EC 2.7.7.* (nucleotidyltransferase) inhibitor that interferes with the activity of reverse transcriptase, EC 2.7.7.49, a viral DNA polymerase enzyme that retroviruses need to reproduce.topoisomerase-II inhibitor1366A topoisomerase inhibitor that inhibits DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing), EC 5.99.1.3 (topoisomerase II), which catalyses ATP-dependent breakage of both strands of DNA, passage of the unbroken strands through the breaks, and rejoining of the broken strands.xanthine oxidase inhibitor1431An EC 1.17.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2 with oxygen as acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of xanthine oxidase (EC 1.17.3.2).