Record Information |
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Version | 1.0 |
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Creation date | 2010-04-08 22:04:50 UTC |
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Update date | 2019-11-26 02:55:58 UTC |
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Primary ID | FDB001130 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | Not Available |
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Chemical Information |
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FooDB Name | Amylose |
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Description | Stored in all parts of plants as insol. granules. Coml. starches come mainly from corn (maize), sorghum grains, tapioca root and potato tuber. Most starch samples contain 20 ± 5% Amylose which can be pptd. from aq. starch soln. with, e.g., Thymol. Various uses in food processing including thickener, stabilizer, flavour modifier, filler for baking powder, flour additive, firming agent and release/antisticking agent. Many modified forms also used
Amylose is a linear polymer of glucose linked mainly by ?(1?4) bonds. It can be made of several thousand glucose units. It is one of the two components of starch, the other being amylopectin. Amylose is soluble in water.; Amylose is defined as a linear molecule of (1→4) linked alpha-D-glucopyranosyl units, but it is today well established that some molecules are slightly branched by (1→6)-alpha-linkages. ; The oldest criteria for linearity consisted in the susceptibility of the molecule to complete hydrolysis by beta-amylase. This enzyme splits the (1→4) bonds from the non-reducing end of a chain releasing beta-maltosyl units, but cannot cleave the (1→6) bonds. When degraded by pure beta-amylase, linear macromolecules are completely converted into maltose, whereas branched chains give also one beta-limit dextrin consisting of the remaining inner core polysaccharide structure with its outer chains recessed.; Starches of different botanical origins possess different granular sizes, morphology, polymorphism and enzyme digestibility. These characteristics are related to the chemical structures of the amylopectin and amylose and how they are arranged in the starch granule. (PMID 9730163). Amylose is found in many foods, some of which are taro, alcoholic beverages, rice, and potato. |
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CAS Number | 9005-82-7 |
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Structure | |
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Synonyms | Synonym | Source |
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Hexose | Kegg | MTX2 Toxin | MeSH | Muscarinic toxin 2 | MeSH | D-Galactose | HMDB | Galactopyranose | HMDB | Galactopyranoside | HMDB | (1,4-alpha-D-Glucosyl)n | biospider | (1,4-alpha-D-Glucosyl)n-1 | biospider | (1,4-alpha-D-Glucosyl)n+1 | biospider | (1,4-alpha-delta-Glucosyl)n | biospider | (1,4-alpha-delta-Glucosyl)n-1 | biospider | (1,4-alpha-delta-Glucosyl)n+1 | biospider | 1,4-alpha-D-Glucan | biospider | 1,4-alpha-delta-Glucan | biospider | 4-{(1,4)-alpha-D-glucosyl}(N-1)-D-glucose | HMDB | 4-{(1,4)-alpha-delta-glucosyl}(N-1)-delta-glucose | HMDB | Amylose | db_source | Amylose chain | biospider |
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Predicted Properties | |
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Chemical Formula | C6H12O6 |
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IUPAC name | 6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C6H12O6/c7-1-2-3(8)4(9)5(10)6(11)12-2/h2-11H,1H2 |
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InChI Key | WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Isomeric SMILES | OCC1OC(O)C(O)C(O)C1O |
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Average Molecular Weight | 180.1559 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 180.063388116 |
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Classification |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hexoses. These are monosaccharides in which the sugar unit is a is a six-carbon containing moeity. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic oxygen compounds |
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Class | Organooxygen compounds |
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Sub Class | Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates |
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Direct Parent | Hexoses |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Hexose monosaccharide
- Oxane
- Secondary alcohol
- Hemiacetal
- Oxacycle
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Polyol
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Primary alcohol
- Alcohol
- Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Ontology | No ontology term |
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Physico-Chemical Properties |
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Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental | Property | Value | Reference |
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Physical state | Solid | |
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Physical Description | Not Available | |
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Mass Composition | Not Available | |
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Melting Point | Not Available | |
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Boiling Point | Not Available | |
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Experimental Water Solubility | Not Available | |
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Experimental logP | Not Available | |
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Experimental pKa | Not Available | |
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Isoelectric point | Not Available | |
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Charge | Not Available | |
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Optical Rotation | [a]D +175 (DMSO) | DFC |
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Spectroscopic UV Data | Not Available | |
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Density | Not Available | |
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Refractive Index | Not Available | |
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Spectra |
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Spectra | |
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EI-MS/GC-MS | Type | Description | Splash Key | View |
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EI-MS | Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization) | splash10-0229-9000000000-3cd18e57966112492f50 | 2014-09-20 | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Starch, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive | splash10-08g0-9700000000-d7fbea2263840ca358b3 | Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Starch, 5 TMS, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive | splash10-004i-6122690000-eaf6f7adf34ccd0c667b | Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Starch, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Starch, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | Spectrum |
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MS/MS | Type | Description | Splash Key | View |
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MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-IT , negative | splash10-03du-2900000000-8b4969661fc601d4c994 | 2017-09-14 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive | splash10-01q9-0900000000-ecd0aedc67c9a2eec60f | 2015-05-26 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive | splash10-03ea-2900000000-e4daf22c7320ccc41812 | 2015-05-26 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive | splash10-0005-9200000000-91fc3940732f782a88bb | 2015-05-26 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive | splash10-01q9-0900000000-ecd0aedc67c9a2eec60f | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive | splash10-03ea-2900000000-e4daf22c7320ccc41812 | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive | splash10-0005-9200000000-91fc3940732f782a88bb | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive | splash10-01q9-0900000000-ecd0aedc67c9a2eec60f | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive | splash10-03ea-2900000000-e4daf22c7320ccc41812 | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive | splash10-0005-9200000000-91fc3940732f782a88bb | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive | splash10-01q9-0900000000-ecd0aedc67c9a2eec60f | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive | splash10-03ea-2900000000-e4daf22c7320ccc41812 | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive | splash10-0005-9200000000-91fc3940732f782a88bb | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative | splash10-004i-1900000000-e9f3e728d1b340759a09 | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative | splash10-01t9-5900000000-c0a478f2b9c5bbc6c4ba | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative | splash10-0006-9100000000-06852e2088bf1c6b38c4 | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative | splash10-004i-1900000000-e9f3e728d1b340759a09 | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative | splash10-01t9-5900000000-c0a478f2b9c5bbc6c4ba | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative | splash10-0006-9100000000-06852e2088bf1c6b38c4 | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative | splash10-004i-1900000000-e9f3e728d1b340759a09 | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative | splash10-01t9-5900000000-c0a478f2b9c5bbc6c4ba | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative | splash10-0006-9100000000-06852e2088bf1c6b38c4 | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative | splash10-004i-1900000000-e9f3e728d1b340759a09 | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative | splash10-01t9-5900000000-c0a478f2b9c5bbc6c4ba | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative | splash10-0006-9100000000-06852e2088bf1c6b38c4 | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum |
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NMR | |
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External Links |
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ChemSpider ID | Not Available |
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ChEMBL ID | Not Available |
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KEGG Compound ID | C00718 |
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Pubchem Compound ID | 53477771 |
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Pubchem Substance ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | 28102 |
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Phenol-Explorer ID | Not Available |
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DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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HMDB ID | HMDB03403 |
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CRC / DFC (Dictionary of Food Compounds) ID | BTN99-I:BTP00-I |
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EAFUS ID | Not Available |
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Dr. Duke ID | AMYLOSE |
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BIGG ID | Not Available |
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KNApSAcK ID | Not Available |
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HET ID | Not Available |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | Not Available |
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Flavornet ID | Not Available |
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GoodScent ID | Not Available |
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SuperScent ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia ID | Amylose |
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Phenol-Explorer Metabolite ID | Not Available |
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Duplicate IDS | Not Available |
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Old DFC IDS | Not Available |
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Associated Foods |
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Food | Content Range | Average | Reference |
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Food | | | Reference |
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Biological Effects and Interactions |
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Health Effects / Bioactivities | Not Available |
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Enzymes | Name | Gene Name | UniProt ID |
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Glycogen debranching enzyme | AGL | P35573 | Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form | PYGL | P06737 | Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form | PYGM | P11217 | Glycogen phosphorylase, brain form | PYGB | P11216 | Glycogen [starch] synthase, liver | GYS2 | P54840 | Glycogen [starch] synthase, muscle | GYS1 | P13807 |
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Pathways | |
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Metabolism | Not Available |
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Biosynthesis | Not Available |
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Organoleptic Properties |
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Flavours | Not Available |
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Files |
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MSDS | show |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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General Reference | Not Available |
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Content Reference | — Duke, James. 'Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. United States Department of Agriculture.' Agricultural Research Service, Accessed April 27 (2004).
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