Record Information |
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Version | 1.0 |
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Creation date | 2010-04-08 22:04:51 UTC |
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Update date | 2019-11-26 02:56:00 UTC |
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Primary ID | FDB001141 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | Not Available |
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Chemical Information |
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FooDB Name | Inulin |
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Description | Present in Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) and in other members of Compositae
About 30?40% of people in Central Europe suffer from fructose malabsorption. Since inulin is a fructan, excess dietary intake may lead to minor side effects such as increased flatulence and loosened bowel motions in those with fructose malabsorption. It is recommended that fructan intake for people with fructose malabsorption be kept to less than 0.5 grams/serving.; For both inulin and creatinine, the calculations involve concentrations in the urine and in the serum. However, unlike creatinine, inulin is not naturally present in the body. This is an advantage of inulin (because the amount infused will be known) and a disadvantage (because an infusion is necessary.); Inulin is increasingly used in processed foods because it has unusually adaptable characteristics. Its flavour ranges from bland to subtly sweet (approx. 10% sweetness of sugar/sucrose). It can be used to replace sugar, fat, and flour. This is particularly advantageous because inulin contains a third to a quarter of the food energy of sugar or other carbohydrates and a sixth to a ninth of the food energy of fat. While Inulin is a versatile ingredient, it also has health benefits. Inulin increases calcium absorption and possibly magnesium absorption, while promoting the growth of intestinal bacteria. Nutritionally, it is considered a form of soluble fiber and is sometimes categorized as a prebiotic. Inulin has a minimal impact on blood sugar, and?unlike fructose?is not insulemic and does not raise triglycerides, making it generally considered suitable for diabetics and potentially helpful in managing blood sugar-related illnesses. The consumption of large quantities (particularly by sensitive or unaccustomed individuals) can lead to gas and bloating, and products which contain Inulin will sometimes include a warning to add it gradually to ones diet.; The inulin test is a procedure by which the filtering capacity of the glomeruli (the main filtering structures of the kidney) is determined by measuring the rate at which inulin, the test substance, is cleared from blood plasma. Inulin is one of the more suitable and accurate substance to measure because it is a small, inert polysaccharide molecule that readily passes through the glomeruli. The inulin clearance test is performed by injecting inulin, waiting for it to be distributed, and then measuring plasma and urine inulin concentrations by various assays. As nutraceutical agents inulins may have antitumor, antimicrobial, hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic actions. They may also help to improve mineral absorption and balance and may have antiosteoporotic activity.; There is a single report of what is claimed to be an allergic reaction to inulin in the literature, but dietary inulin has small amounts of bacteria and fungal spores and this case is most likely to represent a reaction to one of these contaminants:[citation needed] every day billions of people eat inulin-containing foods, e.g. onions, without any suggestion of allergy. Inulin is found in many foods, some of which are asparagus, endive, giant butterbur, and dandelion. |
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CAS Number | 9005-80-5 |
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Structure | |
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Synonyms | Synonym | Source |
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Dahlin | db_source | Inulin [ban] | biospider | Inulin and sodium chloride | biospider | Plant starch | db_source |
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Predicted Properties | |
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Chemical Formula | C18H32O16 |
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IUPAC name | 2-{[2-({[3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C18H32O16/c19-1-6-9(23)12(26)13(27)16(31-6)34-18(15(29)11(25)8(3-21)33-18)5-30-17(4-22)14(28)10(24)7(2-20)32-17/h6-16,19-29H,1-5H2 |
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InChI Key | VAWYEUIPHLMNNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Isomeric SMILES | OCC1OC(CO)(OCC2(OC3OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C3O)OC(CO)C(O)C2O)C(O)C1O |
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Average Molecular Weight | 504.438 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 504.16903495 |
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Classification |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as oligosaccharides. These are carbohydrates made up of 3 to 10 monosaccharide units linked to each other through glycosidic bonds. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic oxygen compounds |
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Class | Organooxygen compounds |
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Sub Class | Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates |
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Direct Parent | Oligosaccharides |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Oligosaccharide
- C-glycosyl compound
- Glycosyl compound
- O-glycosyl compound
- Ketal
- Oxane
- Tetrahydrofuran
- Secondary alcohol
- Acetal
- Oxacycle
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Polyol
- Alcohol
- Primary alcohol
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Ontology | No ontology term |
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Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental |
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Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental | Property | Value | Reference |
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Physical state | Not Available | |
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Physical Description | Not Available | |
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Mass Composition | Not Available | |
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Melting Point | Not Available | |
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Boiling Point | Not Available | |
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Experimental Water Solubility | Not Available | |
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Experimental logP | Not Available | |
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Experimental pKa | Not Available | |
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Isoelectric point | Not Available | |
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Charge | Not Available | |
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Optical Rotation | [a]20D -40 (c, 2.0 in H2O) | DFC |
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Spectroscopic UV Data | Not Available | |
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Density | Not Available | |
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Refractive Index | Not Available | |
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Spectra |
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Spectra | |
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EI-MS/GC-MS | Not Available |
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MS/MS | Type | Description | Splash Key | View |
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Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive | splash10-01rx-0709000000-a0e999cfcd0c4ba2d6a8 | 2016-08-01 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive | splash10-03gi-0904000000-6e7de03e516009ded384 | 2016-08-01 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive | splash10-001i-3900000000-4c950f3aa022d977816d | 2016-08-01 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative | splash10-0200-1935100000-496b7cee843747524726 | 2016-08-03 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative | splash10-01t9-0900000000-79c126044ff941a61712 | 2016-08-03 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative | splash10-004m-4900000000-ec59df92e0092388cd8a | 2016-08-03 | View Spectrum |
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NMR | Not Available |
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External Links |
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ChemSpider ID | Not Available |
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ChEMBL ID | Not Available |
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KEGG Compound ID | C03323 |
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Pubchem Compound ID | 24763 |
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Pubchem Substance ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | 15443 |
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Phenol-Explorer ID | Not Available |
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DrugBank ID | DB00638 |
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HMDB ID | Not Available |
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CRC / DFC (Dictionary of Food Compounds) ID | BTS95-D:BTS95-D |
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EAFUS ID | Not Available |
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Dr. Duke ID | INULIN|FRUCTANS |
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BIGG ID | Not Available |
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KNApSAcK ID | Not Available |
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HET ID | Not Available |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | Not Available |
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Flavornet ID | Not Available |
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GoodScent ID | Not Available |
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SuperScent ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia ID | Inulin |
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Phenol-Explorer Metabolite ID | Not Available |
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Duplicate IDS | Not Available |
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Old DFC IDS | Not Available |
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Associated Foods |
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Food | Content Range | Average | Reference |
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Food | | | Reference |
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Biological Effects and Interactions |
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Health Effects / Bioactivities | Descriptor | ID | Definition | Reference |
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alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor | 50269 | An EC 1.1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of alcohol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.1). | DUKE | anti colitic | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE | anti diabetic | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE | anti diarrheic | 55323 | Any drug found useful in the symptomatic treatment of diarrhoea. | DUKE | anti obesity | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE | anti osteoporotic | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE | bifidogenic | | | DUKE | chemopreventive | 35610 | A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms. | DUKE | expectorant | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE | gastrostimulant | 55324 | A drug used for its effects on the gastrointestinal system, e.g. controlling gastric acidity, regulating gastrointestinal motility and water flow, and improving digestion. | DUKE | hypocholesterolemic | | | DUKE | hypoglycemic | 35526 | A drug which lowers the blood glucose level. | DUKE | immunostimulant | 50847 | A substance that augments, stimulates, activates, potentiates, or modulates the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. A classical agent (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contains bacterial antigens. It could also be endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Its mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy is related to its antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity. | DUKE | laxative | 50503 | An agent that produces a soft formed stool, and relaxes and loosens the bowels, typically used over a protracted period, to relieve constipation. Compare with cathartic, which is a substance that accelerates defecation. A substances can be both a laxative and a cathartic. | DUKE | lipolytic | | | DUKE | prebiotic | | | DUKE | probiotic | | | DUKE | probiotigenic | | | DUKE |
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Enzymes | Not Available |
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Pathways | Not Available |
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Metabolism | Not Available |
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Biosynthesis | Not Available |
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Organoleptic Properties |
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Flavours | Not Available |
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Files |
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MSDS | Not Available |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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General Reference | Not Available |
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Content Reference | — Duke, James. 'Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. United States Department of Agriculture.' Agricultural Research Service, Accessed April 27 (2004).
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