| acidulant | 64047 | Any substance which is added to food to preserve or enhance its flavour and/or appearance. | DUKE |
| aldose reductase inhibitor | 48550 | An EC 1.1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of aldehyde reductase (EC 1.1.1.21). | DUKE |
| analgesic | 35480 | An agent capable of relieving pain without the loss of consciousness or without producing anaesthesia. In addition, analgesic is a role played by a compound which is exhibited by a capability to cause a reduction of pain symptoms. | DUKE |
| angiotensin receptor blocker | 61016 | A hormone antagonist that blocks angiotensin receptors. | DUKE |
| anti advanced glycation end products | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti aggregant | | | DUKE |
| anti aging | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti allergic | 50857 | A drug used to treat allergic reactions. | DUKE |
| anti Alzheimeran | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti arthritic | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti asthmatic | 49167 | A drug used to treat asthma. | DUKE |
| anti atherosclerotic | 38070 | A drug used for the treatment or prevention of cardiac arrhythmias. Anti-arrhythmia drugs may affect the polarisation-repolarisation phase of the action potential, its excitability or refractoriness, or impulse conduction or membrane responsiveness within cardiac fibres. | DUKE |
| anti bacterial | 33282 | A substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria. | DUKE |
| anti cataract | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti cervicaldysplasic | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti CFS | | | DUKE |
| anti climacteric | | | DUKE |
| anti cold | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti Crohn's | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti CTS | | | DUKE |
| anti decubitic | | | DUKE |
| anti dementia | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti depressant | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti diabetic | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| antidote | 50247 | Any protective agent counteracting or neutralizing the action of poisons. | DUKE |
| anti eczemic | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti edemic | | | DUKE |
| anti encephalitic | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti endometriotic | | | DUKE |
| anti fatigue | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti fibrotic | | | DUKE |
| anti gallstone | | | DUKE |
| anti gastritic | | | DUKE |
| anti gingivitic | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti glaucomic | | | DUKE |
| anti hangover | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti hemorrhagic | 50248 | Drug that acts on blood and blood-forming organs and those that affect the hemostatic system. | DUKE |
| anti hepatitic | 62868 | Any compound that is able to prevent damage to the liver. | DUKE |
| anti hepatotoxic | 62868 | Any compound that is able to prevent damage to the liver. | DUKE |
| anti herpetic | 22587 | A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses. | DUKE |
| anti histaminic | 37956 | Histamine antagonists are the drugs that bind to but do not activate histamine receptors, thereby blocking the actions of histamine or histamine agonists. | DUKE |
| anti hypertensive | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti infertility | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti inflammatory | 35472 | A substance that reduces or suppresses inflammation. | DUKE |
| anti lepric | 33282 | A substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria. | DUKE |
| anti lithic | | | DUKE |
| anti Lyme | 33281 | A substance that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans. | DUKE |
| anti maculitic | | | DUKE |
| anti measles | 22587 | A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses. | DUKE |
| anti menopausal | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti migraine | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti mutagenic | | | DUKE |
| anti neuramidase | 52425 | An antiviral drug targeted at influenza viruses. Its mode of action consists of blocking the function of the viral neuraminidase protein (EC 3.2.1.18), thus preventing the virus from budding from the host cell. | DUKE |
| anti nitrosic | | | DUKE |
| anti obesity | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti orchitic | | | DUKE |
| anti osteoarthritic | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti osteoporotic | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| antioxidant | 22586 | A substance that opposes oxidation or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides. In European countries, E-numbers for permitted antioxidant food additives are from E 300 to E 324. | DUKE |
| anti Parkinsonian | 48407 | A drug used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. | DUKE |
| anti parotitic | | | DUKE |
| anti periodontitic | | | DUKE |
| anti pneumonic | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti podriac | | | DUKE |
| anti poliomyelitic | 22587 | A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses. | DUKE |
| anti pyretic | 35493 | A drug that prevents or reduces fever by lowering the body temperature from a raised state. An antipyretic will not affect the normal body temperature if one does not have fever. Antipyretics cause the hypothalamus to override an interleukin-induced increase in temperature. The body will then work to lower the temperature and the result is a reduction in fever. | DUKE |
| anti radicular | | | DUKE |
| anti Raynaud's | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti retinotic | | | DUKE |
| anti rheumatic | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti rhinitic | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti scorbutic | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti septic | 33281 | A substance that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans. | DUKE |
| anti shingles | 22587 | A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses. | DUKE |
| anti spasmodic | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti stress | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| anti syndrome-X | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| antitumor | 35610 | A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms. | DUKE |
| anti ulcer | 49201 | One of various classes of drugs with different action mechanisms used to treat or ameliorate peptic ulcer or irritation of the gastrointestinal tract. | DUKE |
| anti viral | 22587 | A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses. | DUKE |
| apoptotic | | | DUKE |
| asthma preventive | 49167 | A drug used to treat asthma. | DUKE |
| beta-adrenergic receptor blocker | 37962 | Any agent that acts on an adrenergic receptor or affects the life cycle of an adrenergic transmitter. | DUKE |
| beta-glucuronidase inhibitor | 23924 | A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction. | DUKE |
| calcium antagonist | 48706 | Substance that attaches to and blocks cell receptors that normally bind naturally occurring substances. | DUKE |
| cancer preventive | 35610 | A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms. | DUKE |
| cardioprotective | 38070 | A drug used for the treatment or prevention of cardiac arrhythmias. Anti-arrhythmia drugs may affect the polarisation-repolarisation phase of the action potential, its excitability or refractoriness, or impulse conduction or membrane responsiveness within cardiac fibres. | DUKE |
| cold preventive | | | DUKE |
| collagenic | | | DUKE |
| detoxicant | 50247 | Any protective agent counteracting or neutralizing the action of poisons. | DUKE |
| diuretic | 35498 | An agent that promotes the excretion of urine through its effects on kidney function. | DUKE |
| fistula preventive | 52217 | Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. | DUKE |
| hypocholesterolemic | | | DUKE |
| hypoglycemic | 35526 | A drug which lowers the blood glucose level. | DUKE |
| hypotensive | | | DUKE |
| immunomodulator | 50846 | Biologically active substance whose activity affects or plays a role in the functioning of the immune system. | DUKE |
| immunostimulant | 50847 | A substance that augments, stimulates, activates, potentiates, or modulates the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. A classical agent (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contains bacterial antigens. It could also be endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Its mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy is related to its antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity. | DUKE |
| interferonogenic | | | DUKE |
| lithogenic | | | DUKE |
| mucolytic | 77034 | A compound that alters the structure of mucus so as to decrease its viscosity and thereby facilitate its removal by ciliary action and expectoration. Compare with antitussives, which suppress the cough reflex, and expectorants, which are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing. | DUKE |
| pesticide | 25944 | Strictly, a substance intended to kill pests. In common usage, any substance used for controlling, preventing, or destroying animal, microbiological or plant pests. | DUKE |
| uricosuric | | | DUKE |
| urinary acidulant | | | DUKE |
| vasodilator | 35620 | A drug used to cause dilation of the blood vessels. | DUKE |
| vulnerary | 73336 | A drug used in treating and healing of wounds. | DUKE |
