<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2010-04-08 22:04:58 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2025-11-18 22:31:16 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>FDB001442</accession>
  <name>(-)-Arctigenin</name>
  <description>Isolated from Cnicus benedictus, Forsythia viridissima, Arctium lappa, Ipomoea cairica and others (CCD)

Arctigenin is a lignan found in certain plants of the Asteraceae , including the Greater burdock (Arctium lappa) and Saussurea heteromalla. It has shown antiviral and anticancer effects. It is the aglycone of arctiin.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>(-)-Arctigenin</synonym>
    <synonym>2(3H)-Furanone, 4-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]dihydro-3-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-, (3R-trans)-</synonym>
    <synonym>2(3H)-Furanone, 4-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]dihydro-3-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-, (3R,4R)-</synonym>
    <synonym>4-[(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]dihydro-3-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-(3R-trans)-2(3H)-furanone</synonym>
    <synonym>4-[(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]dihydro-3-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-(3R,4R)-2(3H)-furanone</synonym>
    <synonym>Arctigenin</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C21H24O6</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>372.4117</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>372.1572885</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>(3R,4R)-4-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-3-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]oxolan-2-one</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>(-)-arctigenin</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>7770-78-7</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>COC1=CC=C(C[C@H]2COC(=O)[C@@H]2CC2=CC=C(O)C(OC)=C2)C=C1OC</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C21H24O6/c1-24-18-7-5-13(11-20(18)26-3)8-15-12-27-21(23)16(15)9-14-4-6-17(22)19(10-14)25-2/h4-7,10-11,15-16,22H,8-9,12H2,1-3H3/t15-,16+/m0/s1</inchi>
  <inchikey>NQWVSMVXKMHKTF-JKSUJKDBSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dibenzylbutyrolactone lignans. These are lignan compounds containing a 3,4-dibenzyloxolan-2-one moiety.</description>
    <direct_parent>Dibenzylbutyrolactone lignans</direct_parent>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Lignans, neolignans and related compounds</super_class>
    <class>Furanoid lignans</class>
    <sub_class>Tetrahydrofuran lignans</sub_class>
    <molecular_framework>Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Alkyl aryl ethers</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Anisoles</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carbonyl compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carboxylic acid esters</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Dimethoxybenzenes</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Gamma butyrolactones</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Lignan lactones</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Methoxyphenols</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Oxacyclic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Phenoxy compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Tetrahydrofurans</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>Alkyl aryl ether</substituent>
      <substituent>Anisole</substituent>
      <substituent>Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid ester</substituent>
      <substituent>Dibenzylbutyrolactone</substituent>
      <substituent>Dimethoxybenzene</substituent>
      <substituent>Ether</substituent>
      <substituent>Gamma butyrolactone</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Lactone</substituent>
      <substituent>Lignan lactone</substituent>
      <substituent>Methoxybenzene</substituent>
      <substituent>Methoxyphenol</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocyclic benzene moiety</substituent>
      <substituent>O-dimethoxybenzene</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organoheterocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Oxacycle</substituent>
      <substituent>Phenol</substituent>
      <substituent>Phenol ether</substituent>
      <substituent>Phenoxy compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Tetrahydrofuran</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>Lignans</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>lignan</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <state/>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>3.20</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-4.54</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>1.06e-02 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <experimental_properties>
  </experimental_properties>
  <property>
    <kind>logp</kind>
    <value>3.44</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
    <value>9.95</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
    <value>-4.4</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>iupac</kind>
    <value>(3R,4R)-4-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-3-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]oxolan-2-one</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>average_mass</kind>
    <value>372.4117</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>mono_mass</kind>
    <value>372.1572885</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>smiles</kind>
    <value>COC1=CC=C(C[C@H]2COC(=O)[C@@H]2CC2=CC=C(O)C(OC)=C2)C=C1OC</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formula</kind>
    <value>C21H24O6</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchi</kind>
    <value>InChI=1S/C21H24O6/c1-24-18-7-5-13(11-20(18)26-3)8-15-12-27-21(23)16(15)9-14-4-6-17(22)19(10-14)25-2/h4-7,10-11,15-16,22H,8-9,12H2,1-3H3/t15-,16+/m0/s1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchikey</kind>
    <value>NQWVSMVXKMHKTF-JKSUJKDBSA-N</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
    <value>74.22</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>refractivity</kind>
    <value>100.12</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polarizability</kind>
    <value>38.87</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
    <value>7</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
    <value>5</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>donor_count</kind>
    <value>1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formal_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>23414</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>41739</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>134023</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>141757</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>66333</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>66334</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>66335</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>123870</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>123871</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>123872</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2230972</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2231839</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2232380</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2252262</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2252996</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2253459</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2254217</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2254303</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2255116</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2255479</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2256270</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2256361</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2257159</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2257410</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2258212</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2258417</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2259132</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2259449</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2260177</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <hmdb_id>HMDB30087</hmdb_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id/>
  <chemspider_id/>
  <kegg_id/>
  <chebi_id/>
  <biocyc_id/>
  <het_id/>
  <wikipidia/>
  <vmh_id/>
  <fbonto_id/>
  <foodb_id/>
  <general_references>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x000055ce30724288&gt;</reference>
  </general_references>
  <foods>
    <food>
      <name>Burdock</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Arctium lappa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4217</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>16.66</average_value>
      <max_value>16.66</max_value>
      <min_value>16.66</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cardoon</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cynara cardunculus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4265</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Grape wine</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Sesame</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Sesamum orientale</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4182</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.019</average_value>
      <max_value>0.018999999</max_value>
      <min_value>0.018999999</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
  </foods>
  <flavors>
  </flavors>
  <enzymes>
  </enzymes>
  <health_effects>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti HIV</name>
      <id>333</id>
      <definition>A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti leukemic</name>
      <id>393</id>
      <definition>A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti proliferant</name>
      <id>547</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti TNF</name>
      <id>659</id>
      <definition>A substance that diminishes the rate of a chemical reaction.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti topoisomerase-II</name>
      <id>661</id>
      <definition>A topoisomerase inhibitor that inhibits DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing), EC 5.99.1.3 (topoisomerase II), which catalyses ATP-dependent breakage of both strands of DNA, passage of the unbroken strands through the breaks, and rejoining of the broken strands.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-integrase</name>
      <id>374</id>
      <definition>A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-lymphomic</name>
      <id>414</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-viral</name>
      <id>689</id>
      <definition>A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Antitumor</name>
      <id>672</id>
      <definition>A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Cytotoxic</name>
      <id>859</id>
      <definition>A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof which causes the development of a pathological process.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Differentiator</name>
      <id>880</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>HIV-reverse-transcriptase inhibitor</name>
      <id>994</id>
      <definition>A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Immunomodulator</name>
      <id>1031</id>
      <definition>Biologically active substance whose activity affects or plays a role in the functioning of the immune system.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Immunostimulant</name>
      <id>1032</id>
      <definition>A substance that augments, stimulates, activates, potentiates, or modulates the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. A classical agent (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contains bacterial antigens. It could also be endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Its mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy is related to its antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Pesticide</name>
      <id>1210</id>
      <definition>Strictly, a substance intended to kill pests. In common usage, any substance used for controlling, preventing, or destroying animal, microbiological or plant pests.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Phosphodiesterase inhibitor</name>
      <id>1215</id>
      <definition>A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Topoisomerase inhibitor</name>
      <id>1370</id>
      <definition>A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.</definition>
    </health_effect>
  </health_effects>
</compound>
