<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2010-04-08 22:05:00 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2025-11-18 22:31:50 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>FDB001522</accession>
  <name>alpha-Copaene</name>
  <description>Alpha-copaene is formally classified as a homocyclic organic compound although it is biochemically a sesquiterpenoid synthesized from isoprene units. Alpha-copaene is an oily liquid hydrocarbon that is found in a number of essential oil-producing plants and whose name is derived from the resin-producing tropical copaiba tree. Alpha-copaene was detected in the essential oils from the inner bark of the plant Kielmeyera coriacea Mart. &amp; Zucc. (PMID: 25960759), the bark from Annona reticulate (PMID: 22007723) and was found in the leaves of Cedrelopsis grevei (PMID: 23459148), and Xylopia laevigata (PMID: 23307235). Alpha-copaene is a colorless clear viscous liquid with a spicy and woody taste. It that can be found in several food items such as lime, mandarin orange (clementine, tangerine), safflower, and summer savoury, which makes alpha-copaene a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Copaene has been found to increase the antioxidant capacity in human lymphocytes in vitro (PMID: 24287609).</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>(-)-&amp;alpha;-copaene</synonym>
    <synonym>&amp;alpha;-copaene</synonym>
    <synonym>Aglaiene</synonym>
    <synonym>Copaen</synonym>
    <synonym>Copaene</synonym>
    <synonym>Tricyclo[4.4.0.0(2,7)]dec-3-ene, 8-isopropyl-1,3-dimethyl-</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C15H24</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>204.357</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>204.187800773</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>(1S,6S,7S,8S)-1,3-dimethyl-8-(propan-2-yl)tricyclo[4.4.0.0^{2,7}]dec-3-ene</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>(1S,6S,7S,8S)-8-isopropyl-1,3-dimethyltricyclo[4.4.0.0^{2,7}]dec-3-ene</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>3856-25-5</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>[H][C@@]12C3C(C)=CC[C@]1([H])[C@]3(C)CC[C@H]2C(C)C</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C15H24/c1-9(2)11-7-8-15(4)12-6-5-10(3)14(15)13(11)12/h5,9,11-14H,6-8H2,1-4H3/t11-,12-,13-,14?,15-/m0/s1</inchi>
  <inchikey>VLXDPFLIRFYIME-XIQJJJERSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 1-naphthalene sulfonates. These are organic aromatic compounds that contain a naphthalene moiety that carries a sulfonic acid group at the 1-position. Naphthalene is a bicyclic compound that is made up of two fused benzene ring.</description>
    <direct_parent>1-naphthalene sulfonates</direct_parent>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Benzenoids</super_class>
    <class>Naphthalenes</class>
    <sub_class>Naphthalene sulfonic acids and derivatives</sub_class>
    <molecular_framework>Aromatic homopolycyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>1-naphthalene sulfonic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>1-sulfo,2-unsubstituted aromatic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Aniline and substituted anilines</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organopnictogen compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organosulfonic acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Secondary amines</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Sulfonyls</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>1-naphthalene sulfonate</substituent>
      <substituent>1-naphthalene sulfonic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>1-sulfo,2-unsubstituted aromatic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Amine</substituent>
      <substituent>Aniline or substituted anilines</substituent>
      <substituent>Aromatic homopolycyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Arylsulfonic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocyclic benzene moiety</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic nitrogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic sulfonic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Organonitrogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organopnictogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organosulfonic acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Organosulfonic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Organosulfur compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Secondary amine</substituent>
      <substituent>Sulfonyl</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>aminonaphthalene</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>naphthalenesulfonic acid</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <state/>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>3.75</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-5.05</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>1.81e-03 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <experimental_properties>
  </experimental_properties>
  <property>
    <kind>logp</kind>
    <value>4.09</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>iupac</kind>
    <value>(1S,6S,7S,8S)-1,3-dimethyl-8-(propan-2-yl)tricyclo[4.4.0.0^{2,7}]dec-3-ene</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>average_mass</kind>
    <value>204.357</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>mono_mass</kind>
    <value>204.187800773</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>smiles</kind>
    <value>[H][C@@]12C3C(C)=CC[C@]1([H])[C@]3(C)CC[C@H]2C(C)C</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formula</kind>
    <value>C15H24</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchi</kind>
    <value>InChI=1S/C15H24/c1-9(2)11-7-8-15(4)12-6-5-10(3)14(15)13(11)12/h5,9,11-14H,6-8H2,1-4H3/t11-,12-,13-,14?,15-/m0/s1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchikey</kind>
    <value>VLXDPFLIRFYIME-XIQJJJERSA-N</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>refractivity</kind>
    <value>65.77</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polarizability</kind>
    <value>16.34</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
    <value>1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>donor_count</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formal_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>5852</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>62796</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>62797</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>62798</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>119598</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>119599</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>119600</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <hmdb_id>HMDB0061851</hmdb_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id/>
  <chemspider_id/>
  <kegg_id/>
  <chebi_id/>
  <biocyc_id/>
  <het_id/>
  <wikipidia/>
  <vmh_id/>
  <fbonto_id/>
  <foodb_id/>
  <general_references>
  </general_references>
  <foods>
    <food>
      <name>Allspice</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Pimenta dioica</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>375272</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.9</average_value>
      <max_value>0.9</max_value>
      <min_value>0.9</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cardamom</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Elettaria cardamomum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>105181</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Carrot</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Daucus carota ssp. sativus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>79200</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cloves</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Syzygium aromaticum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>219868</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Common oregano</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Origanum vulgare</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>39352</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>5.4</average_value>
      <max_value>5.4</max_value>
      <min_value>5.4</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Common sage</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Salvia officinalis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>38868</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Corn</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Zea mays</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4577</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cottonseed</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Gossypium</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3633</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>240.0</average_value>
      <max_value>240.0</max_value>
      <min_value>240.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cumin</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cuminum cyminum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>52462</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>3.0</average_value>
      <max_value>3.0</max_value>
      <min_value>3.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Ginger</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Zingiber officinale</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>94328</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Grape</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vitis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3603</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Green bell pepper</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Capsicum annuum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4072</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Lemon</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Citrus limon</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>2708</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Lemon balm</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Melissa officinalis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>39338</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>6.2</average_value>
      <max_value>6.2</max_value>
      <min_value>6.2</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Lime</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Citrus aurantiifolia</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>159033</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Lovage</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Levisticum officinale</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>48042</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>15.95</average_value>
      <max_value>15.95</max_value>
      <min_value>15.95</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Mandarin orange (Clementine, Tangerine)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Citrus reticulata</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>85571</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.15</average_value>
      <max_value>0.15</max_value>
      <min_value>0.15</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Nutmeg</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Myristica fragrans</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>51089</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Orange bell pepper</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Capsicum annuum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4072</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Orange mint</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Mentha aquatica</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>190902</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.15</average_value>
      <max_value>0.15</max_value>
      <min_value>0.15</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Parsley</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Petroselinum crispum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4043</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.792</average_value>
      <max_value>0.792</max_value>
      <min_value>0.792</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Pear</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Pyrus communis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>23211</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Pepper</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Capsicum annuum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4072</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Pepper (Spice)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Piper nigrum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>13216</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Peppermint</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Mentha X piperita</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>34256</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Red bell pepper</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Capsicum annuum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4072</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Roman camomile</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Chamaemelum nobile</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>99037</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rosemary</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Rosmarinus officinalis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>39367</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.3</average_value>
      <max_value>0.3</max_value>
      <min_value>0.3</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Safflower</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Carthamus tinctorius</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4222</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.01225</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0195</max_value>
      <min_value>0.005</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Spearmint</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Mentha spicata</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>29719</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Star anise</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Illicium verum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>124778</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>56.25</average_value>
      <max_value>56.25</max_value>
      <min_value>56.25</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Summer savory</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Satureja hortensis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>49987</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Sweet basil</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Ocimum basilicum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>39350</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>1.04</average_value>
      <max_value>1.04</max_value>
      <min_value>1.04</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Sweet bay</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Laurus nobilis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>85223</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Sweet marjoram</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Origanum majorana</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>268884</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Sweet orange</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Citrus sinensis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>2711</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Tamarind</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Tamarindus indica</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>58860</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Winter savory</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Satureja montana</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>49988</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>4.4</average_value>
      <max_value>4.4</max_value>
      <min_value>4.4</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Yellow bell pepper</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Capsicum annuum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4072</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
  </foods>
  <flavors>
    <flavor>
      <name>spice</name>
    </flavor>
    <flavor>
      <name>wood</name>
    </flavor>
    <flavor>
      <name>woody</name>
    </flavor>
  </flavors>
  <enzymes>
  </enzymes>
  <health_effects>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Carminative</name>
      <id>774</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
  </health_effects>
</compound>
