1.02010-04-08 22:05:44 UTC2019-11-26 02:58:50 UTCFDB003291Fumaric acidProduced industrially by fermentation of Rhizopus nigricans, or manufactured by catalytic or thermal isomerisation of maleic anhydride or maleic acid. Used as an antioxidant, acidulant, leavening agent and flavouring agent in foods. Present in raw lean fish. Dietary supplement. Used in powdered products since fumaric acid is less hygroscopic than other acids. A precursor to L-malate in the Krebs tricarboxylic acid cycle. It is formed by the oxidation of succinate by succinate dehydrogenase (wikipedia). Fumaric acid is also found in garden tomato, papaya, wild celery, and star fruit.(2e)-2-Butenedioate(2E)-2-Butenedioic acid(2E)-But-2-enedioate(2E)-But-2-enedioic acid(E)-2-Butenedioate(e)-2-Butenedioic acid(E)-2-Butenedioic acid, 9CI2-(E)-Butenedioate2-(E)-Butenedioic acidAllomaleateAllomaleic acidBoletateBoletic acidE297FC 33FEMA 2488FumarateFumarsaeureGlaucic acidLichenateLichenic acidParamaleic acidToxilic acidtrans-1,2-Ethylenedicarboxylatetrans-1,2-Ethylenedicarboxylic acidtrans-2-Butenedioatetrans-2-Butenedioic acidtrans-But-2-enedioatetrans-But-2-enedioic acidtrans-Butenedioatetrans-Butenedioic acidtrans-Ethylene-1,2-dicarboxylic acidTumaric acidC4H4O4116.0722116.010958616(2E)-but-2-enedioic acidfumaric acid110-17-8OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=OInChI=1S/C4H4O4/c5-3(6)1-2-4(7)8/h1-2H,(H,5,6)(H,7,8)/b2-1-VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dicarboxylic acids and derivatives. These are organic compounds containing exactly two carboxylic acid groups.Dicarboxylic acids and derivativesOrganic compoundsOrganic acids and derivativesCarboxylic acids and derivativesDicarboxylic acids and derivativesAliphatic acyclic compoundsCarbonyl compoundsCarboxylic acidsHydrocarbon derivativesOrganic oxidesUnsaturated fatty acidsAliphatic acyclic compoundCarbonyl groupCarboxylic acidDicarboxylic acid or derivativesFatty acidFatty acylHydrocarbon derivativeOrganic oxideOrganic oxygen compoundOrganooxygen compoundUnsaturated fatty acidbutenedioic acidSolidlogp0.21logs-0.68solubility2.41e+01 g/lmelting_pointMp 300-302° (sealed tube)logp-0.041pka_strongest_acidic3.55iupac(2E)-but-2-enedioic acidaverage_mass116.0722mono_mass116.010958616smilesOC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=OformulaC4H4O4inchiInChI=1S/C4H4O4/c5-3(6)1-2-4(7)8/h1-2H,(H,5,6)(H,7,8)/b2-1-inchikeyVZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-Npolar_surface_area74.6refractivity24.61polarizability9.35rotatable_bond_count2acceptor_count4donor_count2physiological_charge-2formal_charge0Arginine and Proline MetabolismSMP00020map00330Aspartate MetabolismSMP00067map00250Citric Acid CycleSMP00057map00020Mitochondrial Electron Transport ChainSMP00355map00190Phenylalanine and Tyrosine MetabolismSMP00008map00360Tyrosine MetabolismSMP00006map00350Urea CycleSMP00059map00330Specdb::MsIr210Specdb::MsIr211Specdb::MsIr212Specdb::EiMs232Specdb::NmrTwoD966Specdb::NmrTwoD1162Specdb::CMs360Specdb::CMs361Specdb::CMs362Specdb::CMs363Specdb::CMs364Specdb::CMs1063Specdb::CMs2816Specdb::CMs27694Specdb::CMs30157Specdb::CMs30188Specdb::CMs30290Specdb::CMs30291Specdb::CMs30542Specdb::CMs30868Specdb::CMs31017Specdb::CMs31937Specdb::CMs37314Specdb::CMs137191Specdb::CMs144925Specdb::CMs1051304Specdb::CMs1051305Specdb::CMs1051307Specdb::NmrOneD1104Specdb::NmrOneD1163Specdb::NmrOneD2142Specdb::NmrOneD2830Specdb::NmrOneD4764Specdb::NmrOneD4765Specdb::NmrOneD142470Specdb::NmrOneD142471Specdb::NmrOneD142472Specdb::NmrOneD142473Specdb::NmrOneD142474Specdb::NmrOneD142475Specdb::NmrOneD142476Specdb::NmrOneD142477Specdb::NmrOneD142478Specdb::NmrOneD142479Specdb::NmrOneD142480Specdb::NmrOneD142481Specdb::NmrOneD142482Specdb::NmrOneD142483Specdb::NmrOneD142484Specdb::NmrOneD142485Specdb::NmrOneD142486Specdb::NmrOneD142487Specdb::NmrOneD142488Specdb::MsMs206Specdb::MsMs207Specdb::MsMs208Specdb::MsMs3041Specdb::MsMs178911Specdb::MsMs178912Specdb::MsMs178913Specdb::MsMs181236Specdb::MsMs181237Specdb::MsMs181238Specdb::MsMs2238392Specdb::MsMs2239169Specdb::MsMs2244560Specdb::MsMs2245542Specdb::MsMs2246647Specdb::MsMs2247651Specdb::MsMs2248738Specdb::MsMs2249627Specdb::MsMs2250808Specdb::MsMs2251612Specdb::MsMs2256268Specdb::MsMs2265303Specdb::MsMs2265304Specdb::MsMs2265305Specdb::MsMs3076341HMDB0013418012FUM#<Reference:0x00005556762ca750>#<Reference:0x00005556762ca570>#<Reference:0x00005556762ca368>#<Reference:0x00005556762ca1b0>#<Reference:0x00005556762c9fa8>AnatidaeType 1specificAnatidae8830AppleType 1specificMalus pumila283210BeefaloType 1specificBos taurus X Bison bison297284BeerType 2specific0.00.00.0mg/100 gBisonType 1specificBison bison9901Broad beanType 1specificVicia faba3906BroccoliType 1specificBrassica oleracea var. italica36774Brussel sproutsType 1specificBrassica oleracea var. gemmifera178616BuffaloType 1specificBubalus bubalis89462CabbageType 1specificBrassica oleracea var. capitata3716CarrotType 1specificDaucus carota ssp. sativus79200Cattle (Beef, Veal)Type 1specificBos taurus9913ChickenType 1specificGallus gallus9031ChickpeaType 1specificCicer arietinum3827ChivesType 1specificAllium schoenoprasum74900Columbidae (Dove, Pigeon)Type 1specificColumbidae8930Common grapeType 1specificVitis vinifera29760Common peaType 1specificPisum sativum3888Common sageType 1specificSalvia officinalis38868Cow milk, pasteurized, vitamin A + D added, 0% fatType 2specificCow milk, pasteurized, vitamin A + D added, 1% fatType 2specificCow milk, pasteurized, vitamin A + D added, 2% fatType 2specificCow milk, pasteurized, vitamin D added, 3.25% fatType 2specificDeerType 1specificCervidae9850Domestic goatType 1specificCapra aegagrus hircus9925Domestic pigType 1specificSus scrofa domestica9825ElkType 1specificCervus canadensis1574408EmuType 1specificDromaius novaehollandiae8790European rabbitType 1specificOryctolagus9984FennelType 1specificFoeniculum vulgare48038FigType 1specificFicus carica3494FishesUnknowngenericGarden onionType 1specificAllium cepa4679Garden rhubarbType 1specificRheum rhabarbarum3621Garden tomato (var.)Type 1specificSolanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum397755Grape wineType 2specific3.757.50.0mg/100 gGreylag gooseType 1specificAnser anser8843Guinea henType 1specificNumida meleagris8996HorseType 1specificEquus caballus9796KohlrabiType 1specificBrassica oleracea var. gongylodes109379LettuceType 1specificLactuca sativa4236Mallard duckType 1specificAnas platyrhynchos8839Milk (Cow)Type 2specific15.28741.511.2uMMountain hareType 1specificLepus timidus62621Mule deerType 1specificOdocoileus9871OstrichType 1specificStruthio camelus8801PapayaType 1specificCarica papaya3649ParsleyType 1specificPetroselinum crispum4043PheasantType 1specificPhasianus colchicus9054PomegranateType 1specificPunica granatum22663PotatoType 1specificSolanum tuberosum4113QuailType 1specificPhasianidae9005RabbitType 1specificLeporidae9979Rock ptarmiganType 1specificLagopus muta64668Sheep (Mutton, Lamb)Type 1specificOvis aries9940Sour cherryType 1specificPrunus cerasus140311Soy beanType 1specificGlycine max3847SquabType 1specificColumba8931Star fruitType 1specificAverrhoa carambola28974310.0310.0310.0mg/100 gSunflowerType 1specificHelianthus annuus4232Sweet cherryType 1specificPrunus avium42229380.0380.0380.0g/kgTurkeyType 1specificMeleagris gallopavo9103Velvet duckType 1specificMelanitta fusca371864White cabbageType 1specificBrassica oleracea L. var. capitata L. f. alba DC.Wild boarType 1specificSus scrofa9823Wild carrotType 1specificDaucus carota4039Wild celeryType 1specificApium graveolens4045odorlesssourAdenylosuccinate lyaseP30566ADSLArgininosuccinate lyaseP04424ASLFumarate hydratase, mitochondrialP07954FHacidulant23Any substance which is added to food to preserve or enhance its flavour and/or appearance.anti dermatitic225A drug used to treat or prevent skin disorders or for the routine care of skin.anti hepatocarcinogenic325A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.anti psoriac562Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.antioxidant502A substance that opposes oxidation or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides. In European countries, E-numbers for permitted antioxidant food additives are from E 300 to E 324.antitumor672A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.flavor936A substance, extract, or preparation for diffusing or imparting an agreeable or attractive smell.