Showing Compound Lactic acid (FDB003292)

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation date

2010-04-08 22:05:44 UTC

Update date

2025-11-18 22:50:08 UTC

Primary ID

FDB003292

Secondary Accession Numbers

Not Available

Chemical Information

FooDB Name

Lactic acid

Description

Widely distributed in nature as a fermentation product from starch, molasses, potatoes etc. "Natural" lactic acid is produced commercially by fermentation of beet/cane sugar or glucose. No commercial lactic acid is dairy-based. Synthetic lactic acid is a racemic mixture of the L- and D-forms. Among the oldest known preservatives used to preserve milk products and a broad range of traditional fermented vegetables. The modern use of lactic acid as a food additive covers several functions: flavouring, acidity control, preservation. Due to its mild flavour, lactic acid can be used in high concentrationsand is also in brewing, manuf. of cheese and confectionery Lactic acid is chiral and has two optical isomers. One is known as L-(+)-lactic acid or (S)-lactic acid and the other, its mirror image, is D-(-)-lactic acid or (R)-lactic acid. L-(+)-Lactic acid is the biologically important isomer. Lactic acid is found in many foods, some of which are sunflower, apple, common grape, and borage.

CAS Number

50-21-5

Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Synonym	Source
2-Hydroxypropionic acid	ChEBI
Lactic acid	ChEBI
Lactate	Kegg
2-Hydroxypropionate	Generator
2-Hydroxypropanoate	Generator
2 Hydroxypropanoic acid	HMDB
2 Hydroxypropionic acid	HMDB
Ammonium lactate	HMDB
D Lactic acid	HMDB
D-Lactic acid	HMDB
L Lactic acid	HMDB
L-Lactic acid	HMDB
Lactate, ammonium	HMDB
Sarcolactic acid	HMDB
2-Hydroxypropanoic acid	MeSH, KEGG
(+-)-2-Hydroxypropanoic acid	biospider
(+/-)-Lactic acid	biospider
α-Hydroxypropanoic acid	biospider
α-Hydroxypropionic acid	biospider
1-Hydroxyethane 1-carboxylic acid	biospider
1-Hydroxyethanecarboxylic acid	biospider
2-Hydroxy-2-methylacetic acid	biospider
alpha-Hydroxypropanoic acid	biospider
alpha-Hydroxypropionic acid	biospider
Chem-Cast	db_source
DL-Lactic acid	biospider
E270	db_source
Enyper	db_source
FEMA 2611	db_source
Kerlactine	db_source
Lactasol	biospider
Lactic acid, 8CI, JAN, USAN	db_source
Lactogyn	db_source
Lactolavol	db_source
Lactovagan	db_source
Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy- (9CI)	biospider
Propionic acid, 2-hydroxy-	biospider
Tonsillosan	db_source
Variclene	db_source

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	562 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	-0.79	ALOGPS
logP	-0.47	ChemAxon
logS	0.79	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	3.78	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-3.7	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	-1	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	3	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	2	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	57.53 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	1	ChemAxon
Refractivity	18.84 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	8.05 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	0	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	Yes	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Chemical Formula

C3H6O3

IUPAC name

2-hydroxypropanoic acid

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C3H6O3/c1-2(4)3(5)6/h2,4H,1H3,(H,5,6)

InChI Key

JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Isomeric SMILES

CC(O)C(O)=O

Average Molecular Weight

90.0779

Monoisotopic Molecular Weight

90.031694058

Classification

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha hydroxy acids and derivatives. These are organic compounds containing a carboxylic acid substituted with a hydroxyl group on the adjacent carbon.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organic acids and derivatives

Class

Hydroxy acids and derivatives

Sub Class

Alpha hydroxy acids and derivatives

Direct Parent

Alpha hydroxy acids and derivatives

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Alpha-hydroxy acid
Secondary alcohol
Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
Carboxylic acid
Carboxylic acid derivative
Organic oxygen compound
Organic oxide
Hydrocarbon derivative
Organooxygen compound
Carbonyl group
Alcohol
Aliphatic acyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic acyclic compounds

External Descriptors

2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid (CHEBI:78320 )

Ontology

No ontology term

Physico-Chemical Properties

Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental

Property	Value	Reference
Physical state	liquid
Physical Description	Not Available
Mass Composition	C 40.00%; H 6.71%; O 53.28%	DFC
Melting Point	16.8 oC
Boiling Point	Not Available
Experimental Water Solubility	1000 mg/mL	MERCK INDEX (2001)
Experimental logP	-0.72	HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
Experimental pKa	3.86
Isoelectric point	Not Available
Charge	Not Available
Optical Rotation	Not Available
Spectroscopic UV Data	Not Available
Density	Not Available
Refractive Index	Not Available

Spectra

EI-MS/GC-MS

Type	Description	Splash Key	View
EI-MS	Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)	splash10-0002-9000000000-6b805941ef8da414e517	2014-09-20	View Spectrum
GC-MS	Lactic acid, 2 TMS, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-014i-1900000000-e4b0458c1830f2273dbf	Spectrum
GC-MS	Lactic acid, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00kb-9000000000-e9462d6d6eeac598b73b	Spectrum
GC-MS	Lactic acid, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00kb-0900000000-31df199e59f138c8cc73	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Lactic acid, 2 TMS, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	splash10-01b9-9620000000-f7faa7db9c1be3d9d975	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Lactic acid, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	splash10-0007-9000000000-d5da3d894fa63e70ca23	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Lactic acid, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Lactic acid, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum

MS/MS

Type	Description	Splash Key	View
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-00dl-9000000000-02a1cd4a8992ca170923	2015-05-26	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-00dj-9000000000-aea7835dfa5a89c7ad72	2015-05-26	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-05dj-9000000000-853c8ae85554cbf4f3aa	2015-05-26	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-00dl-9000000000-02a1cd4a8992ca170923	2015-05-26	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-00dj-9000000000-aea7835dfa5a89c7ad72	2015-05-26	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-05dj-9000000000-853c8ae85554cbf4f3aa	2015-05-26	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-00dl-9000000000-02a1cd4a8992ca170923	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-00dj-9000000000-aea7835dfa5a89c7ad72	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-05dj-9000000000-853c8ae85554cbf4f3aa	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-00dl-9000000000-02a1cd4a8992ca170923	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-00dj-9000000000-aea7835dfa5a89c7ad72	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-05dj-9000000000-853c8ae85554cbf4f3aa	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-00dl-9000000000-02a1cd4a8992ca170923	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-00dj-9000000000-aea7835dfa5a89c7ad72	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-05dj-9000000000-853c8ae85554cbf4f3aa	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-000i-9000000000-b6d22eee857dbd8c67c1	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-0079-9000000000-79419ab380c5c954afa8	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-00di-9000000000-1ab6a665296f80ee0127	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-000i-9000000000-b6d22eee857dbd8c67c1	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-0079-9000000000-79419ab380c5c954afa8	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-00di-9000000000-1ab6a665296f80ee0127	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-000i-9000000000-b6d22eee857dbd8c67c1	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-0079-9000000000-79419ab380c5c954afa8	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-00di-9000000000-1ab6a665296f80ee0127	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-000i-9000000000-b6d22eee857dbd8c67c1	2015-05-27	View Spectrum

NMR

Type	Description		View
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, DMSO-d6, experimental)		Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100.40 MHz, DMSO-d6, experimental)		Spectrum

External Links

ChemSpider ID

ChEMBL ID

KEGG Compound ID

Pubchem Compound ID

Pubchem Substance ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

28358

Phenol-Explorer ID

Not Available

DrugBank ID

DB04398

HMDB ID

Not Available

CRC / DFC (Dictionary of Food Compounds) ID

CVR18-C:CVR18-C

EAFUS ID

1973

Dr. Duke ID

LACTIC-ACID

BIGG ID

Not Available

KNApSAcK ID

Not Available

HET ID

Not Available

Food Biomarker Ontology

Not Available

VMH ID

Not Available

Flavornet ID

Not Available

GoodScent ID

rw1007391

SuperScent ID

Not Available

Wikipedia ID

Lactic_acid

Phenol-Explorer Metabolite ID

Not Available

Duplicate IDS

Not Available

Old DFC IDS

Not Available

Associated Foods

Food	Content Range	Average	Reference
Food			Reference

Biological Effects and Interactions

Health Effects / Bioactivities

Descriptor	ID	Definition	Reference
Acidulant	64047	A substance that increases acidity, commonly used as a food additive. Biologically, it helps maintain pH balance. Therapeutically, acidulants have applications in managing digestive issues and nutrient absorption. Key medical uses include treating conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and enhancing mineral absorption, particularly in patients with malabsorption disorders.	DUKE
Anti leukorrheic		An agent that controls estrogen levels, used to treat leukorrhea, characterized by abnormal whitish or yellowish vaginal discharge, providing relief from symptoms and promoting vaginal health.	DUKE
Anti-oxidant	22586	An agent that neutralizes free radicals, reducing oxidative stress and cell damage. Its biological role involves protecting cells from harm, and it has therapeutic applications in managing chronic diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders, with key medical uses including anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, and cardio protective effects.	DUKE
Anti-vaginitic	52217	An agent that prevents or treats vaginal infections, reducing inflammation and promoting healthy vaginal flora. Therapeutically, it is used to manage vaginitis, relieving symptoms such as itching, burning, and discharge, and is commonly applied in gynecology to treat bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infections.	DUKE
Anti xerotic		An agent that relieves or diminishes abnormal dryness of the skin, eyes, or mucous membranes, used to treat conditions like dry eye syndrome and xerotic skin, promoting hydration and comfort.	DUKE
Name	48318	flavor	DUKE
Irritant		An agent that causes slight inflammation or discomfort, stimulating a biological response. Therapeutically, it can be used to increase blood flow or stimulate healing. Key medical uses include treating wounds, skin conditions, and respiratory issues, such as congestion, by inducing a mild inflammatory response to promote recovery.	DUKE
Keratolytic		An agent that breaks down excess skin cells, removing warts and other lesions. It plays a biological role in regulating epidermal growth. Therapeutically, it's used to treat hyperkeratotic conditions. Key medical uses include managing warts, calluses, and ichthyosis, promoting skin smoothing and renewal.	DUKE

Enzymes

Not Available

Pathways

Not Available

Metabolism

Not Available

Biosynthesis

Not Available

Organoleptic Properties

Flavours

Flavor	Citations
odorless	The Good Scents Company (2009). Flavor and fragrance information catalog. <http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/allprod.html> Accessed 15.10.23.

Files

MSDS

Not Available

References

Synthesis Reference

Not Available

General Reference

Not Available

Content Reference

— Duke, James. 'Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. United States Department of Agriculture.' Agricultural Research Service, Accessed April 27 (2004).