<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2010-04-08 22:05:55 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2025-11-18 22:53:44 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>FDB003727</accession>
  <name>Uranium</name>
  <description>Uranium, also known as 92u or uran, is a member of the class of compounds known as homogeneous actinide compounds. Homogeneous actinide compounds are inorganic compounds containing only metal atoms,with the largest atom being a transition metal atom. Uranium can be found in a number of food items such as common hazelnut, soft-necked garlic, sunburst squash (pattypan squash), and red beetroot, which makes uranium a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Uranium is formally rated as a carcinogenic (IARC 1) potentially toxic compound. Many contemporary uses of uranium exploit its unique nuclear properties. Uranium-235 is the only naturally occurring fissile isotope, which makes it widely used in nuclear power plants and nuclear weapons. However, because of the tiny amounts found in nature, uranium needs to undergo enrichment so that enough uranium-235 is present. Uranium-238 is fissionable by fast neutrons, and is fertile, meaning it can be transmuted to fissile plutonium-239 in a nuclear reactor. Another fissile isotope, uranium-233, can be produced from natural thorium and is also important in nuclear technology. Uranium-238 has a small probability for spontaneous fission or even induced fission with fast neutrons; uranium-235 and to a lesser degree uranium-233 have a much higher fission cross-section for slow neutrons. In sufficient concentration, these isotopes maintain a sustained nuclear chain reaction. This generates the heat in nuclear power reactors, and produces the fissile material for nuclear weapons. Depleted uranium (238U) is used in kinetic energy penetrators and armor plating. Uranium is used as a colorant in uranium glass, producing lemon yellow to green colors. Uranium glass fluoresces green in ultraviolet light. It was also used for tinting and shading in early photography .</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>238U Element</synonym>
    <synonym>Depleted uranium</synonym>
    <synonym>DU</synonym>
    <synonym>IUM</synonym>
    <synonym>URAN</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranio</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranium atom</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranium hydride</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranium hydride (UH3)</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranium I ((238)U)</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranium metal, pyrophoric [UN2979] [Radioactive]</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranium nitricum</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranium Nitricum Liquid (S#70) -8,9,12x...Cm</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranium-238</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranium, elemental</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranium, insoluble compounds</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranium, ion(U6 )</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranium, Isotope Of Mass 234</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranium, isotope of mass 238</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranium, natural</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranium, radioactive</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranium, soluble compounds</synonym>
    <synonym>uranium(0)</synonym>
    <synonym>uranium(3+)</synonym>
    <synonym>uranium(3+) ion</synonym>
    <synonym>uranium(4+)</synonym>
    <synonym>uranium(4+) ion</synonym>
    <synonym>uranium(5+)</synonym>
    <synonym>uranium(5+) ion</synonym>
    <synonym>uranium(6+)</synonym>
    <synonym>uranium(6+) ion</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranium(III) cation</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranium(IV) cation</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranium(v) cation</synonym>
    <synonym>Uranium(vi) cation</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>U</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>238.0289</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>238.050782583</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>uranium</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>uranium</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>7440-61-1</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>[U]</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/U</inchi>
  <inchikey>JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as homogeneous actinide compounds. These are inorganic compounds containing only metal atoms,with the largest atom being a transition metal atom.</description>
    <direct_parent>Homogeneous actinide compounds</direct_parent>
    <kingdom>Inorganic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Homogeneous metal compounds</super_class>
    <class>Homogeneous actinide compounds</class>
    <sub_class/>
    <molecular_framework/>
    <alternative_parents>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Homogeneous actinide</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>monoatomic uranium</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <state/>
  <predicted_properties>
  </predicted_properties>
  <experimental_properties>
  </experimental_properties>
  <property>
    <kind>logp</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>iupac</kind>
    <value>uranium</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>average_mass</kind>
    <value>238.0289</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>mono_mass</kind>
    <value>238.050782583</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>smiles</kind>
    <value>[U]</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formula</kind>
    <value>U</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchi</kind>
    <value>InChI=1S/U</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchikey</kind>
    <value>JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>refractivity</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polarizability</kind>
    <value>1.78</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>donor_count</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formal_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>106026</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>106027</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>106028</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>172665</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>172666</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>172667</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <hmdb_id/>
  <pubchem_compound_id/>
  <chemspider_id/>
  <kegg_id/>
  <chebi_id>33430</chebi_id>
  <biocyc_id/>
  <het_id/>
  <wikipidia/>
  <vmh_id/>
  <fbonto_id/>
  <foodb_id/>
  <general_references>
  </general_references>
  <foods>
    <food>
      <name>Black walnut</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Juglans nigra</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>16719</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.004</average_value>
      <max_value>0.004</max_value>
      <min_value>0.004</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Common hazelnut</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Corylus avellana</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>13451</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.003</average_value>
      <max_value>0.003</max_value>
      <min_value>0.003</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cucumber</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cucumis sativus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3659</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.000017</average_value>
      <max_value>0.00001783</max_value>
      <min_value>0.00001539</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Dill</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Anethum graveolens</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>40922</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Garlic</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Allium sativum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4682</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0001</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0001</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0001</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Japanese pumpkin</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cucurbita maxima</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3661</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.000045</average_value>
      <max_value>0.00005</max_value>
      <min_value>0.00004</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Milk (Cow)</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific></name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>0.002106</average_value>
      <max_value>0.00298</max_value>
      <min_value>0.00021</min_value>
      <unit>uM</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Red beetroot</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Beta vulgaris var. rubra</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>0.0001</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0001</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0001</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Romaine lettuce</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Soft-necked garlic</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Allium sativum L. var. sativum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4682</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Spinach</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Spinacia oleracea</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3562</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0001</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0001</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0001</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Sunburst squash (pattypan squash)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cucurbita pepo var. clypeata</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>0.0001</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0001</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0001</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Wild celery</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Apium graveolens</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4045</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Yellow zucchini</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cucurbita pepo var. cylindrica</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>0.00015</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0002</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0001</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
  </foods>
  <flavors>
  </flavors>
  <enzymes>
  </enzymes>
  <health_effects>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Nephrotoxic</name>
      <id>1148</id>
      <definition>A role played by a chemical compound exihibiting itself through the ability to induce damage to the kidney in animals.</definition>
    </health_effect>
  </health_effects>
</compound>
