1.0 2010-04-08 22:07:56 UTC 2019-11-26 03:02:07 UTC FDB008114 Malic acid Mainly used as an acidifier in a wide range of food, such as fruit drinks, jams, sweet and sour sauces, boiled sweets, chewing gum. Occasionally used as a metal ion chelator in wine or in hard water. Flavour enhancer Malic acid is the active ingredient in many sour or tart foods. Malic acid is found mostly in unripe fruits. Malic acid has two stereoisomeric forms (L- and D-enantiomers), though only the L-isomer exists naturally. Malic acid is found in many foods, some of which are garden rhubarb, sour cherry, white lupine, and coconut. 2-Hydroxybutanedioate 2-Hydroxybutanedioic acid 2-Hydroxydicarboxylic acid 2-Hydroxyethane-1,2-dicarboxylate 2-Hydroxyethane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid 2-Hydroxysuccinate 2-Hydroxysuccinic acid a-Hydroxysuccinate a-Hydroxysuccinic acid Aepfelsaeure alpha-Hydroxysuccinate alpha-Hydroxysuccinic acid Butanedioic acid, 2-hydroxy- Butanedioic acid, hydroxy- Deoxytetrarate Deoxytetraric acid E296 H2Mal Hydroxy succinic acid Hydroxybutanedioate Hydroxybutanedioic acid Hydroxyethane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Hydroxysuccinate Hydroxysuccinic acid Malate Musashi-NO-ringosan Pomalus acid R,SMalate R,SMalic acid Succinic acid, hydroxy- α-hydroxysuccinate α-hydroxysuccinic acid C4H6O5 134.0874 134.021523302 2-hydroxybutanedioic acid malic acid 6915-15-7 OC(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O InChI=1S/C4H6O5/c5-2(4(8)9)1-3(6)7/h2,5H,1H2,(H,6,7)(H,8,9) BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N belongs to the class of organic compounds known as beta hydroxy acids and derivatives. Beta hydroxy acids and derivatives are compounds containing a carboxylic acid substituted with a hydroxyl group on the C3 carbon atom. Beta hydroxy acids and derivatives Organic compounds Organic acids and derivatives Hydroxy acids and derivatives Beta hydroxy acids and derivatives Aliphatic acyclic compounds Alpha hydroxy acids and derivatives Carbonyl compounds Carboxylic acids Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives Fatty acids and conjugates Hydrocarbon derivatives Organic oxides Secondary alcohols Short-chain hydroxy acids and derivatives Alcohol Aliphatic acyclic compound Alpha-hydroxy acid Beta-hydroxy acid Carbonyl group Carboxylic acid Carboxylic acid derivative Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives Fatty acid Hydrocarbon derivative Organic oxide Organic oxygen compound Organooxygen compound Secondary alcohol Short-chain hydroxy acid 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid C4-dicarboxylic acid Solid logp -0.87 ALOGPS logs 0.21 ALOGPS solubility 2.18e+02 g/l ALOGPS melting_point 131-133 oC logp -1.1 ChemAxon pka_strongest_acidic 3.2 ChemAxon pka_strongest_basic -3.9 ChemAxon iupac 2-hydroxybutanedioic acid ChemAxon average_mass 134.0874 ChemAxon mono_mass 134.021523302 ChemAxon smiles OC(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O ChemAxon formula C4H6O5 ChemAxon inchi InChI=1S/C4H6O5/c5-2(4(8)9)1-3(6)7/h2,5H,1H2,(H,6,7)(H,8,9) ChemAxon inchikey BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChemAxon polar_surface_area 94.83 ChemAxon refractivity 24.88 ChemAxon polarizability 10.91 ChemAxon rotatable_bond_count 3 ChemAxon acceptor_count 5 ChemAxon donor_count 3 ChemAxon physiological_charge -2 ChemAxon formal_charge 0 ChemAxon Gluconeogenesis SMP00128 map00010 Malate-Aspartate Shuttle SMP00129 Specdb::EiMs 1853 Specdb::NmrTwoD 1036 Specdb::NmrTwoD 1460 Specdb::NmrOneD 1267 Specdb::NmrOneD 1514 Specdb::NmrOneD 3963 Specdb::NmrOneD 4246 Specdb::MsMs 1056 Specdb::MsMs 1057 Specdb::MsMs 1058 Specdb::MsMs 260775 Specdb::MsMs 260776 Specdb::MsMs 260777 Specdb::MsMs 280710 Specdb::MsMs 280711 Specdb::MsMs 280712 Specdb::CMs 634 Specdb::CMs 1176 Specdb::CMs 8623 Specdb::CMs 30147 Specdb::CMs 30618 Specdb::CMs 31218 Specdb::CMs 37736 HMDB00744 6650 #<Reference:0x000055ce32e1d858> #<Reference:0x000055ce32e1d498> #<Reference:0x000055ce32e1d100> #<Reference:0x000055ce32e1cef8> Allspice Type 1 specific Pimenta dioica 375272 American cranberry Type 1 specific Vaccinium macrocarpon 13750 Apple Type 1 specific Malus pumila 283210 Apricot Type 1 specific Prunus armeniaca 36596 1450.0 1450.0 1450.0 mg/100 g Beer Type 2 specific 37.5 75.0 0.0 mg/100 g Bilberry Type 1 specific Vaccinium myrtillus 180763 Black elderberry Type 1 specific Sambucus nigra 4202 1400.0 1400.0 1400.0 mg/100 g Black tea Type 1 Borage Type 1 specific Borago officinalis 13363 Broad bean Type 1 specific Vicia faba 3906 Broccoli Type 1 specific Brassica oleracea var. italica 36774 Brussel sprouts Type 1 specific Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera 178616 Cabbage Type 1 specific Brassica oleracea var. capitata 3716 Carrot Type 1 specific Daucus carota ssp. sativus 79200 Chicory Type 1 specific Cichorium intybus 13427 Chives Type 1 specific Allium schoenoprasum 74900 Coconut Type 1 specific Cocos nucifera 13894 Common buckwheat Type 1 specific Fagopyrum esculentum 3617 1510.0 1510.0 1510.0 mg/100 g Common grape Type 1 specific Vitis vinifera 29760 175.0 175.0 175.0 mg/100 g Common pea Type 1 specific Pisum sativum 3888 Common sage Type 1 specific Salvia officinalis 38868 Common walnut Type 1 specific Juglans regia 51240 Corn Type 1 specific Zea mays 4577 Cow milk, pasteurized, vitamin A + D added, 0% fat Type 2 specific Cow milk, pasteurized, vitamin A + D added, 1% fat Type 2 specific Cow milk, pasteurized, vitamin A + D added, 2% fat Type 2 specific Cow milk, pasteurized, vitamin D added, 3.25% fat Type 2 specific European cranberry Type 1 specific Vaccinium oxycoccos 516948 1410.0 1410.0 1410.0 mg/100 g European plum Type 1 specific Prunus domestica 3758 1500.0 1500.0 1500.0 mg/100 g Fennel Type 1 specific Foeniculum vulgare 48038 Fig Type 1 specific Ficus carica 3494 2680.0 3020.0 2340.0 mg/100 g Flaxseed Type 1 specific Linum usitatissimum 4006 French plantain Type 1 specific Musa X paradisiaca 89151 Garden onion Type 1 specific Allium cepa 4679 Garden rhubarb Type 1 specific Rheum rhabarbarum 3621 Garden tomato (var.) Type 1 specific Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum 397755 German camomile Type 1 specific Matricaria recutita 127986 Ginkgo nuts Type 1 specific Ginkgo biloba 3311 Gooseberry Type 1 specific Ribes uva-crispa 135518 730.0 730.0 730.0 mg/100 g Green tea Type 1 Herbal tea Type 1 Kohlrabi Type 1 specific Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes 109379 Lettuce Type 1 specific Lactuca sativa 4236 60.0 60.0 60.0 mg/100 g Lime Type 1 specific Citrus aurantiifolia 159033 200.0 200.0 200.0 mg/100 g Loquat Type 1 specific Eriobotrya japonica 32224 Mandarin orange (Clementine, Tangerine) Type 1 specific Citrus reticulata 85571 195.0 195.0 195.0 mg/100 g Mango Type 1 specific Mangifera indica 29780 2165.0 2165.0 2165.0 mg/100 g Mexican groundcherry Type 1 specific Physalis philadelphica var. immaculata 374021 80.8 80.8 80.8 mg/100 g Milk (Cow) Type 2 specific 133.7625 224.5 83.66 uM Oat Type 1 specific Avena sativa 4498 Opium poppy Type 1 specific Papaver somniferum 3469 Papaya Type 1 specific Carica papaya 3649 440.0 440.0 440.0 mg/100 g Parsley Type 1 specific Petroselinum crispum 4043 Passion fruit Type 1 specific Passiflora edulis 78168 250.0 250.0 250.0 mg/100 g Pear Type 1 specific Pyrus communis 23211 Pineapple Type 1 specific Ananas comosus 4615 285.0 285.0 285.0 mg/100 g Pomegranate Type 1 specific Punica granatum 22663 Potato Type 1 specific Solanum tuberosum 4113 112.0 112.0 112.0 mg/100 g Purslane Type 1 specific Portulaca oleracea 46147 510.0 510.0 510.0 mg/100 g Quince Type 1 specific Cydonia oblonga 36610 Red raspberry Type 1 specific Rubus idaeus 32247 Red tea Type 1 Redcurrant Type 1 specific Ribes rubrum 175228 260.0 260.0 260.0 mg/100 g Rose hip Type 1 specific Rosa 3764 Roselle Type 1 specific Hibiscus sabdariffa 183260 2783.333333 6500.0 600.0 mg/100 g Sea-buckthornberry Type 1 specific Hippophae rhamnoides 193516 2200.0 2200.0 2200.0 mg/100 g Sour cherry Type 1 specific Prunus cerasus 140311 Soursop Type 1 specific Annona muricata 13337 Soy bean Type 1 specific Glycine max 3847 85.0 85.0 85.0 mg/100 g Spinach Type 1 specific Spinacia oleracea 3562 Star fruit Type 1 specific Averrhoa carambola 28974 1210.0 1210.0 1210.0 mg/100 g Sugar apple Type 1 specific Annona squamosa 301693 Sunflower Type 1 specific Helianthus annuus 4232 Sweet cherry Type 1 specific Prunus avium 42229 583.5 583.5 583.5 g/kg Sweet orange Type 1 specific Citrus sinensis 2711 130.0 130.0 130.0 mg/100 g Tamarind Type 1 specific Tamarindus indica 58860 1250.0 1500.0 1000.0 mg/100 g Tea Type 1 specific Camellia sinensis 4442 White cabbage Type 1 specific Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L. f. alba DC. White lupine Type 1 specific Lupinus albus 3870 Wild carrot Type 1 specific Daucus carota 4039 Wild celery Type 1 specific Apium graveolens 4045 Anti bacterial 145 A substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria. Anti septic 603 A substance that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans. Anti-atherosclerotic 138 A drug used for the treatment or prevention of cardiac arrhythmias. Anti-arrhythmia drugs may affect the polarisation-repolarisation phase of the action potential, its excitability or refractoriness, or impulse conduction or membrane responsiveness within cardiac fibres. Anti-fibromyalgic 278 Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. Anti-oxidant 502 A substance that opposes oxidation or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides. In European countries, E-numbers for permitted antioxidant food additives are from E 300 to E 324. Anti-seborrheic 600 Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. Anti-tubercular 670 A substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria. Antitumor 672 A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms. Bacteristat 725 A substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria. Bruchiphobe 746 Hemopoietic 974 Laxative 1065 An agent that produces a soft formed stool, and relaxes and loosens the bowels, typically used over a protracted period, to relieve constipation. Compare with cathartic, which is a substance that accelerates defecation. A substances can be both a laxative and a cathartic. Mycobactericide 1126 Pesticide 1210 Strictly, a substance intended to kill pests. In common usage, any substance used for controlling, preventing, or destroying animal, microbiological or plant pests. Sialogogue 1315