<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2010-04-08 22:08:46 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2019-11-26 03:03:31 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>FDB009721</accession>
  <name>Lignin</name>
  <description> Lignin is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely strong acidic compound (based on its pKa). Lignin can be found in a number of food items such as evening primrose, carob, sunflower, and corn, which makes lignin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Lignin is a class of complex organic polymers that form important structural materials in the support tissues of vascular plants and some algae. Lignins are particularly important in the formation of cell walls, especially in wood and bark, because they lend rigidity and do not rot easily. Chemically, lignins are cross-linked phenolic polymers .</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>Lignin pink</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C18H13N3Na2O8S2</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>509.421</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>508.993945137</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>disodium 4-acetamido-5-oxo-6-(2-phenylhydrazin-1-ylidene)-5,6-dihydronaphthalene-1,7-disulfonate</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>disodium 4-acetamido-5-oxo-6-(2-phenylhydrazin-1-ylidene)naphthalene-1,7-disulfonate</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>9005-53-2</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>[Na+].[Na+].CC(=O)NC1=C2C(=O)C(=NNC3=CC=CC=C3)C(=CC2=C(C=C1)S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C18H15N3O8S2.2Na/c1-10(22)19-13-7-8-14(30(24,25)26)12-9-15(31(27,28)29)17(18(23)16(12)13)21-20-11-5-3-2-4-6-11;;/h2-9,20H,1H3,(H,19,22)(H,24,25,26)(H,27,28,29);;/q;2*+1/p-2</inchi>
  <inchikey>MNCUGCKRKXNGQK-UHFFFAOYSA-L</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as naphthalenes. Naphthalenes are compounds containing a naphthalene moiety, which consists of two fused benzene rings.</description>
    <direct_parent>Naphthalenes</direct_parent>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Benzenoids</super_class>
    <class>Naphthalenes</class>
    <sub_class/>
    <molecular_framework>Aromatic homopolycyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>1-sulfo,2-unsubstituted aromatic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Acetamides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Aryl ketones</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrazones</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>N-acetylarylamines</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic sodium salts</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organopnictogen compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organosulfonic acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Phenylhydrazines</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Secondary carboxylic acid amides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Sulfonyls</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Vinylogous amides</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>1-sulfo,2-unsubstituted aromatic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Acetamide</substituent>
      <substituent>Aromatic homopolycyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Aryl ketone</substituent>
      <substituent>Arylsulfonic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxamide group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrazone</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Ketone</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocyclic benzene moiety</substituent>
      <substituent>N-acetylarylamine</substituent>
      <substituent>N-arylamide</substituent>
      <substituent>Naphthalene</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic alkali metal salt</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic nitrogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic salt</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic sodium salt</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic sulfonic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Organonitrogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organopnictogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organosulfonic acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Organosulfonic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Organosulfur compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Phenylhydrazine</substituent>
      <substituent>Secondary carboxylic acid amide</substituent>
      <substituent>Sulfonyl</substituent>
      <substituent>Vinylogous amide</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <external_descriptors>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <state/>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>2.05</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-4.34</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>2.33e-02 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <experimental_properties>
  </experimental_properties>
  <property>
    <kind>logp</kind>
    <value>-1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
    <value>-2.9</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
    <value>0.56</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>iupac</kind>
    <value>disodium 4-acetamido-5-oxo-6-(2-phenylhydrazin-1-ylidene)-5,6-dihydronaphthalene-1,7-disulfonate</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>average_mass</kind>
    <value>509.421</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>mono_mass</kind>
    <value>508.993945137</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>smiles</kind>
    <value>[Na+].[Na+].CC(=O)NC1=C2C(=O)C(=NNC3=CC=CC=C3)C(=CC2=C(C=C1)S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formula</kind>
    <value>C18H13N3Na2O8S2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchi</kind>
    <value>InChI=1S/C18H15N3O8S2.2Na/c1-10(22)19-13-7-8-14(30(24,25)26)12-9-15(31(27,28)29)17(18(23)16(12)13)21-20-11-5-3-2-4-6-11;;/h2-9,20H,1H3,(H,19,22)(H,24,25,26)(H,27,28,29);;/q;2*+1/p-2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchikey</kind>
    <value>MNCUGCKRKXNGQK-UHFFFAOYSA-L</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
    <value>184.96</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>refractivity</kind>
    <value>111.75</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polarizability</kind>
    <value>43.16</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
    <value>5</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
    <value>10</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>donor_count</kind>
    <value>2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
    <value>-2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formal_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1317208</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1317209</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1317210</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1431664</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1431665</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1431666</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <hmdb_id/>
  <pubchem_compound_id/>
  <chemspider_id/>
  <kegg_id/>
  <chebi_id/>
  <biocyc_id/>
  <het_id/>
  <wikipidia/>
  <vmh_id/>
  <fbonto_id/>
  <foodb_id/>
  <general_references>
  </general_references>
  <foods>
    <food>
      <name>Barley</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Hordeum vulgare</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4513</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>4600.0</average_value>
      <max_value>4600.0</max_value>
      <min_value>4600.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Black tea</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category/>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Burdock</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Arctium lappa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4217</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Carob</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Ceratonia siliqua</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>20340</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Coconut</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cocos nucifera</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>13894</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>29400.0</average_value>
      <max_value>29400.0</max_value>
      <min_value>29400.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Common bean</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Phaseolus vulgaris</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3885</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>745.0</average_value>
      <max_value>745.0</max_value>
      <min_value>745.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Corn</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Zea mays</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4577</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>22900.0</average_value>
      <max_value>22900.0</max_value>
      <min_value>22900.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Evening primrose</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Oenothera biennis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3942</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>16000.0</average_value>
      <max_value>16000.0</max_value>
      <min_value>16000.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Fenugreek</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Trigonella foenum-graecum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>78534</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>28000.0</average_value>
      <max_value>28000.0</max_value>
      <min_value>28000.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Flaxseed</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Linum usitatissimum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4006</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>French plantain</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Musa X paradisiaca</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>89151</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Green tea</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category/>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Herbal tea</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category/>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Lima bean</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Phaseolus lunatus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3884</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>490.0</average_value>
      <max_value>490.0</max_value>
      <min_value>490.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Oat</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Avena sativa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4498</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>10500.0</average_value>
      <max_value>12500.0</max_value>
      <min_value>8500.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Pomegranate</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Punica granatum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>22663</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Red tea</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category/>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rice</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Oryza sativa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4530</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>15015.0</average_value>
      <max_value>15015.0</max_value>
      <min_value>15015.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Scarlet bean</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Phaseolus coccineus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3886</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>990.0</average_value>
      <max_value>990.0</max_value>
      <min_value>990.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Soft-necked garlic</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Allium sativum L. var. sativum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4682</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Soy bean</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Glycine max</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3847</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Sunflower</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Helianthus annuus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4232</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>27500.0</average_value>
      <max_value>27500.0</max_value>
      <min_value>27500.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Tea</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Camellia sinensis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4442</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Wild leek</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Allium ampeloprasum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4681</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
  </foods>
  <flavors>
  </flavors>
  <enzymes>
  </enzymes>
  <health_effects>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti bacterial</name>
      <id>145</id>
      <definition>A substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti coronary</name>
      <id>207</id>
      <definition>Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti HIV</name>
      <id>333</id>
      <definition>A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-cancer</name>
      <id>159</id>
      <definition>A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-diarrheic</name>
      <id>229</id>
      <definition>Any drug found useful in the symptomatic treatment of diarrhoea.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-nitrosaminic</name>
      <id>480</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-oxidant</name>
      <id>502</id>
      <definition>A substance that opposes oxidation or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides. In European countries, E-numbers for permitted antioxidant food additives are from E 300 to E 324.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-viral</name>
      <id>689</id>
      <definition>A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Antitumor</name>
      <id>672</id>
      <definition>A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Chelator</name>
      <id>795</id>
      <definition>A ligand with two or more separate binding sites that can bind to a single metallic central atom, forming a chelate.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Hypocholesterolemic</name>
      <id>1016</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Laxative</name>
      <id>1065</id>
      <definition>An agent that produces a soft formed stool, and relaxes and loosens the bowels, typically used over a protracted period, to relieve constipation. Compare with cathartic, which is a substance that accelerates defecation. A substances can be both a laxative and a cathartic.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Pesticide</name>
      <id>1210</id>
      <definition>Strictly, a substance intended to kill pests. In common usage, any substance used for controlling, preventing, or destroying animal, microbiological or plant pests.</definition>
    </health_effect>
  </health_effects>
</compound>
