1.0 2010-04-08 22:05:54 UTC 2019-11-26 02:59:28 UTC FDB003654 Ornithine A non-essential and nonprotein amino acid, ornithine is critical for the production of the body's proteins, enzymes and muscle tissue. Ornithine plays a central role in the urea cycle and is important for the disposal of excess nitrogen (ammonia). Ornithine is the starting point for the synthesis of many polyamines such as putrescine and spermine. Ornithine supplements are claimed to enhance the release of growth hormone and to burn excess body fat. Ornithine is necessary for proper immune function and good liver function.; AF112968; L-Ornithine is one of the products of the action of the enzyme arginase on L-arginine, creating urea. Therefore, ornithine is a central part of the urea cycle, which allows for the disposal of excess nitrogen. Ornithine is recycled and in a manner is a catalyst. First, ammonia is converted into carbamoyl phosphate (phosphate-CONH2), which creates one half of urea. Ornithine is converted into a urea derivative at the ? (terminal) nitrogen by carbamoyl phosphate. Another nitrogen is added from aspartate, producing the denitrogenated fumarate, and the resulting arginine (a guanidinium compound) is hydrolysed back to ornithine, producing urea. The nitrogens of urea come from the ammonia and aspartate, and the nitrogen in ornithine remains intact.; ORNT1). Mutations in the mitochondrial ornithine transporter result in hyperammonemia, hyperornithinemia, homocitrullinuria (HHH) syndrome, a disorder of the urea cycle. (PMID 16256388) The pathophysiology of the disease may involve diminished ornithine transport into mitochondria, resulting in ornithine accumulation in the cytoplasm and reduced ability to clear carbamoyl phosphate and ammonia loads. (OMIM 838970); Ornithine is an amino acid produced in the urea cycle by the splitting off of urea from arginine. It is a central part of the urea cycle, which allows for the disposal of excess nitrogen. L-Ornithine is also a precursor of citrulline and arginine. In order for ornithine produced in the cytosol to be converted to citrulline, it must first cross the inner mitochondrial membrane into the mitochondrial matrix where it is carbamylated by ornithine transcarbamylase. This transfer is mediated by the mitochondrial ornithine transporter (SLC25A15; Ornithine is an amino acid which plays a role in the urea cycle. Ornithine is found in many foods, some of which are soft-necked garlic, orange bell pepper, sunburst squash (pattypan squash), and cucumber. (+)-s-ornithine (2S)-2,5-diaminopentanoic acid (S)-2,5-Diaminopentanoate (S)-2,5-Diaminopentanoic acid (S)-2,5-Diaminovalerate (S)-2,5-diaminovaleric acid (s)-a,d-diaminovalerate (s)-a,d-diaminovaleric acid (S)-a,delta-Diaminovalerate (S)-a,delta-Diaminovaleric acid (S)-a,δ-diaminovalerate (S)-a,δ-diaminovaleric acid (S)-alpha,delta-Diaminovalerate (s)-alpha,delta-diaminovaleric acid (s)-ornithine (S)-α,δ-diaminovalerate (S)-α,δ-diaminovaleric acid 2,5-diaminopentanoate 2,5-diaminopentanoic acid 2,5-diaminovaleric acid 5-amino-L-Norvaline Alpha, delta-diaminovaleric acid L-(-)-ornithine L-Norvaline, 5-amino- L-Ornithine L-Ornithine (9CI) Ornithine, L- (8CI) Pentanoic acid, 2,5-diamino-, (S)- C5H12N2O2 132.161 132.089877638 2,5-diaminopentanoic acid ornithine 3184-13-2 NCCCC(N)C(O)=O InChI=1S/C5H12N2O2/c6-3-1-2-4(7)5(8)9/h4H,1-3,6-7H2,(H,8,9) AHLPHDHHMVZTML-UHFFFAOYSA-N belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha amino acids. These are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon). Alpha amino acids Organic compounds Organic acids and derivatives Carboxylic acids and derivatives Amino acids, peptides, and analogues Aliphatic acyclic compounds Amino acids Carbonyl compounds Carboxylic acids Fatty acids and conjugates Hydrocarbon derivatives Monoalkylamines Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives Organic oxides Organopnictogen compounds Aliphatic acyclic compound Alpha-amino acid Amine Amino acid Carbonyl group Carboxylic acid Fatty acid Hydrocarbon derivative Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives Organic nitrogen compound Organic oxide Organic oxygen compound Organonitrogen compound Organooxygen compound Organopnictogen compound Primary aliphatic amine Primary amine Amino fatty acids non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid Solid logp -3.64 ALOGPS logs 0.11 ALOGPS solubility 1.72e+02 g/l ALOGPS melting_point 140 oC logp -3.7 ChemAxon pka_strongest_acidic 2.67 ChemAxon pka_strongest_basic 10.29 ChemAxon iupac 2,5-diaminopentanoic acid ChemAxon average_mass 132.161 ChemAxon mono_mass 132.089877638 ChemAxon smiles NCCCC(N)C(O)=O ChemAxon formula C5H12N2O2 ChemAxon inchi InChI=1S/C5H12N2O2/c6-3-1-2-4(7)5(8)9/h4H,1-3,6-7H2,(H,8,9) ChemAxon inchikey AHLPHDHHMVZTML-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChemAxon polar_surface_area 89.34 ChemAxon refractivity 33.21 ChemAxon polarizability 13.93 ChemAxon rotatable_bond_count 4 ChemAxon acceptor_count 4 ChemAxon donor_count 3 ChemAxon physiological_charge 1 ChemAxon formal_charge 0 ChemAxon Arginine and Proline Metabolism SMP00020 map00330 Glycine and Serine Metabolism SMP00004 map00260 Spermidine and Spermine Biosynthesis SMP00445 Urea Cycle SMP00059 map00330 Specdb::MsMs 21038 Specdb::MsMs 21039 Specdb::MsMs 21040 Specdb::MsMs 22589 Specdb::MsMs 22590 Specdb::MsMs 22591 Specdb::MsMs 439750 Specdb::MsMs 440080 Specdb::MsMs 440099 Specdb::MsMs 449868 Specdb::MsMs 451911 Specdb::MsMs 451929 Specdb::CMs 12206 Specdb::CMs 42830 HMDB00214 18257 ORN #<Reference:0x000055ce2ece4c38> #<Reference:0x000055ce2ece4878> #<Reference:0x000055ce2ece45a8> #<Reference:0x000055ce2ece41e8> #<Reference:0x000055ce2ecd3e10> #<Reference:0x000055ce2ecd3c08> #<Reference:0x000055ce2ecd39d8> #<Reference:0x000055ce2ecd37a8> #<Reference:0x000055ce2ecd3500> #<Reference:0x000055ce2ecd3230> #<Reference:0x000055ce2ecd2ec0> #<Reference:0x000055ce2ecd29c0> #<Reference:0x000055ce2ecd21f0> #<Reference:0x000055ce2ecd1f98> #<Reference:0x000055ce2ecd1d18> Barley Type 1 specific Hordeum vulgare 4513 Beer Type 2 specific 1.455 1.455 1.455 mg/100 g Bitter gourd Type 1 specific Momordica charantia 3673 Broccoli Type 1 specific Brassica oleracea var. italica 36774 4.93 4.93 4.93 mg/100 g Carrot Type 1 specific Daucus carota ssp. sativus 79200 Cucumber Type 1 specific Cucumis sativus 3659 2.7 2.7 2.7 mg/100 g Garden onion Type 1 specific Allium cepa 4679 6.575 6.6 6.55 mg/100 g Green bell pepper Type 1 specific Capsicum annuum 4072 1.7 1.7 1.7 mg/100 g Green zucchini Type 1 specific Cucurbita pepo var. cylindrica 15.35 15.35 15.35 mg/100 g Milk (Cow) Type 2 specific 7.5 7.5 7.5 uM Orange bell pepper Type 1 specific Capsicum annuum 4072 0.49 0.49 0.49 mg/100 g Potato Type 1 specific Solanum tuberosum 4113 6.72 6.72 6.72 mg/100 g Red beetroot Type 1 specific Beta vulgaris var. rubra Red bell pepper Type 1 specific Capsicum annuum 4072 0.311737 0.313474246 0.31 mg/100 g Red raspberry Type 1 specific Rubus idaeus 32247 0.380892 0.380891897 0.380891897 mg/100 g Shiitake Type 1 specific Lentinus edodes 5353 Soft-necked garlic Type 1 specific Allium sativum L. var. sativum 4682 Spinach Type 1 specific Spinacia oleracea 3562 2.9 2.9 2.9 mg/100 g Sugar apple Type 1 specific Annona squamosa 301693 Sunburst squash (pattypan squash) Type 1 specific Cucurbita pepo var. clypeata 4.7 4.7 4.7 mg/100 g White wine Type 2 13.5 22.2 8.7 mg/100 g Yellow bell pepper Type 1 specific Capsicum annuum 4072 2.05 2.05 2.05 mg/100 g Yellow zucchini Type 1 specific Cucurbita pepo var. cylindrica 10.76 10.76 10.76 mg/100 g Antizyme inhibitor 1 O14977 AZIN1 Cationic amino acid transporter 4 O43246 SLC7A4 Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase P54886 ALDH18A1 Glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial P50440 GATM High affinity cationic amino acid transporter 1 P30825 SLC7A1 Low affinity cationic amino acid transporter 2 P52569 SLC7A2 Mitochondrial ornithine transporter 1 Q9Y619 SLC25A15 Mitochondrial ornithine transporter 2 Q9BXI2 SLC25A2 Ornithine aminotransferase, mitochondrial P04181 OAT Ornithine carbamoyltransferase, mitochondrial P00480 OTC Ornithine decarboxylase P11926 ODC1 Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 1 P54368 OAZ1 Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 2 O95190 OAZ2 Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 3 Q9UMX2 OAZ3 Anti cholesteremic 181 Anti-encephalopathic 256 Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. Antidote 236 Any protective agent counteracting or neutralizing the action of poisons. Hypoammonemic 1013 Hypoarginanemic 1014