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Showing Compound L-Citrulline (FDB011841)

Record Information
Version1.0
Creation date2010-04-08 22:09:51 UTC
Update date2019-11-26 03:05:32 UTC
Primary IDFDB011841
Secondary Accession NumbersNot Available
Chemical Information
FooDB NameL-Citrulline
DescriptionOccurs in the juice of watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris) A non-essential amino acid and a precursor of arginine. Citrulline supplements have been claimed to promote energy levels, stimulate the immune system and help detoxify ammonia (a cell toxin). L-citrulline is made from L-ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate in one of the central reactions in the urea cycle. It is also produced from L-arginine as a by-product of the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme NO synthase. L-citrulline, while being an amino acid, is not involved in protein synthesis and is not one of the amino acids coded for by DNA. Although citrulline cannot be incorporated in proteins during protein synthesis, several proteins are known to contain citrulline as an amino acid. These citrulline residues are generated by a family of enzymes called peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs), which convert the amino acid arginine into citrulline. Proteins that contain citrulline residues include myelin basic protein (MBP), fillagrin and several histone proteins.; Citrulline is an amino acid made from ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate in one of the central reactions in the urea cycle. It is also produced from arginine as a by-product of the reaction catalyzed by NOS family (NOS; Citrulline is made from ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate in one of the central reactions in the urea cycle. It is also produced from arginine as a by-product of the reaction catalyzed by NOS family (NOS; EC 1.14.13.39). Arginine is first oxidized into N-hydroxyl-arginine, which is then further oxidized to citrulline concomitant with release of nitric oxide.; EC 1.14.13.39). Citrulline's name is derived from citrullus, the Latin word for watermelon, from which it was first isolated.; EC 1.14.13.39). In this reaction arginine is first oxidized into N-hydroxyl-arginine, which is then further oxidized to citrulline concomitant with the release of nitric oxide.; The organic compound citrulline is an ?-amino acid. Its name is derived from citrullus, the Latin word for watermelon, from which it was first isolated in 1930. It has the idealized formula H2NC(O)NH(CH2)3CH(NH2)CO2H. It is a key intermediate in the urea cycle, the pathway by which mammals excrete ammonia.; The rind of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is a good natural source of citrulline. L-Citrulline is found in many foods, some of which are mung bean, cucurbita (gourd), nectarine, and acorn.
CAS Number372-75-8
Structure
Thumb
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms
SynonymSource
(S)-2-Amino-5-ureidopentanoic acidChEBI
2-Amino-5-ureidovaleric acidChEBI
alpha-Amino-delta-ureidovaleric acidChEBI
CitChEBI
delta-UreidonorvalineChEBI
L-2-Amino-5-ureidovaleric acidChEBI
N(5)-(Aminocarbonyl)-L-ornithineChEBI
N5-(Aminocarbonyl)ornithineChEBI
N5-CarbamoylornithineChEBI
N(delta)-CarbamylornithineChEBI
(S)-2-Amino-5-ureidopentanoateGenerator
2-Amino-5-ureidovalerateGenerator
a-Amino-delta-ureidovalerateGenerator
a-Amino-delta-ureidovaleric acidGenerator
alpha-Amino-delta-ureidovalerateGenerator
Α-amino-δ-ureidovalerateGenerator
Α-amino-δ-ureidovaleric acidGenerator
Δ-ureidonorvalineGenerator
L-2-Amino-5-ureidovalerateGenerator
N(Δ)-carbamylornithineGenerator
a-Amino-δ-ureidovalerateHMDB
a-Amino-δ-ureidovaleric acidHMDB
(2S)-2-Amino-5-(carbamoylamino)pentanoateHMDB
(2S)-2-Amino-5-(carbamoylamino)pentanoic acidHMDB
(S)-2-Amino-5-(aminocarbonyl)aminopentanoateHMDB
(S)-2-Amino-5-(aminocarbonyl)aminopentanoic acidHMDB
2-Amino-5-uredovalerateHMDB
2-Amino-5-uredovaleric acidHMDB
a-Amino-D-ureidovalerateHMDB
a-Amino-D-ureidovaleric acidHMDB
alpha-Amino-gamma-ureidovalerateHMDB
alpha-Amino-gamma-ureidovaleric acidHMDB
Amino-ureidovalerateHMDB
Amino-ureidovaleric acidHMDB
CIRHMDB
CytrullineHMDB
D-UreidonorvalineHMDB
DL-CitrullineHMDB
GammaureidonorvalineHMDB
H-Cit-OHHMDB
L(+)-2-Amino-5-ureidovalerateHMDB
L(+)-2-Amino-5-ureidovaleric acidHMDB
L(+)-CitrullineHMDB
L-2-Amino-5-ureido-valerateHMDB
L-2-Amino-5-ureido-valeric acidHMDB
L-CitrullineHMDB
L-CytrullineHMDB
L-N5-Carbamoyl-ornithineHMDB
N()-CarbamylornithineHMDB
N(5)-(Aminocarbonyl)-DL-ornithineHMDB
N-CarbamylornithineHMDB
N5-(Aminocarbonyl)-L-ornithineHMDB
N5-(Aminocarbonyl)-ornithineHMDB
N5-Carbamoyl-L-ornithineHMDB
N5-CarbamylornithineHMDB
ND-CarbamylornithineHMDB
Ndelta-carbamy-ornithineHMDB
Ndelta-carbamylornithineHMDB
Ngamma-carbamylornithineHMDB
SitrullineHMDB
UreidonorvalineHMDB
UreidovalerateHMDB
Ureidovaleric acidHMDB
(2S)-2-amino-5-(carbamoylamino)pentanoatebiospider
(2S)-2-amino-5-(carbamoylamino)pentanoic acidbiospider
(S)-2-amino-5-(aminocarbonyl)aminopentanoatebiospider
(S)-2-amino-5-(aminocarbonyl)aminopentanoic acidbiospider
2-amino-5-Uredovaleric acidHMDB
A-amino-d-ureidovaleratebiospider
A-amino-d-ureidovaleric acidbiospider
a-amino-delta-UreidovalerateGenerator
a-amino-delta-Ureidovaleric acidGenerator
a-amino-δ-ureidovalerateGenerator
a-amino-δ-ureidovaleric acidGenerator
Alpha-amino-delta-ureidovaleratebiospider
Alpha-amino-delta-ureidovaleric acidbiospider
Alpha-amino-gamma-ureidovaleratebiospider
Alpha-amino-gamma-ureidovaleric acidbiospider
CITRULLINEChEBI
Citrulline, l-biospider
Citrulline; L-formdb_source
D-ureidonorvalinebiospider
Delta-ureidonorvalinebiospider
H-cit-ohbiospider
L-citrulline (DCF)biospider
L-N5-carbamoyl-Ornithinebiospider
L(+)-citrullinebiospider
N-carbamylornithinebiospider
N(5)-(aminocarbonyl)-L-ornithinebiospider
N(5)-carbamoyl-L-ornithinebiospider
N(delta)-carbamylornithinebiospider
N(δ)-carbamylornithineGenerator
N5-(aminocarbonyl)ornithinebiospider
N5-(aminocarbonyl)-Ornithinebiospider
N5-carbamoylornithinebiospider
N5-carbamylornithinebiospider
ND-carbamylornithinebiospider
Ornithine, N5-(aminocarbonyl)-biospider
Ornithine, N5-carbamoyl-, L- (8CI)biospider
α-amino-δ-ureidovalerateGenerator
α-amino-δ-ureidovaleric acidGenerator
δ-ureidonorvalineGenerator
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility21.8 g/LALOGPS
logP-3.3ALOGPS
logP-3.9ChemAxon
logS-0.9ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)2.27ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)9.23ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count4ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count4ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area118.44 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count5ChemAxon
Refractivity41.33 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability17.35 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Chemical FormulaC6H13N3O3
IUPAC name(2S)-2-amino-5-(carbamoylamino)pentanoic acid
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C6H13N3O3/c7-4(5(10)11)2-1-3-9-6(8)12/h4H,1-3,7H2,(H,10,11)(H3,8,9,12)
InChI KeyRHGKLRLOHDJJDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Isomeric SMILESNC(CCCNC(O)=N)C(O)=O
Average Molecular Weight175.1857
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight175.095691297
Classification
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as l-alpha-amino acids. These are alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassCarboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassAmino acids, peptides, and analogues
Direct ParentL-alpha-amino acids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • L-alpha-amino acid
  • Fatty acid
  • Isourea
  • Amino acid
  • Carboximidic acid derivative
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboximidamide
  • Amine
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary amine
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Primary aliphatic amine
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Imine
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
OntologyNo ontology term
Physico-Chemical Properties
Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental
PropertyValueReference
Physical stateSolid
Physical DescriptionNot Available
Mass CompositionC 41.14%; H 7.48%; N 23.99%; O 27.40%DFC
Melting PointMp 222°DFC
Boiling PointNot Available
Experimental Water SolubilityNot Available
Experimental logP-3.19SANGSTER (1994)
Experimental pKapKa2 9.41 (25°, 0.1M NaCl)DFC
Isoelectric pointNot Available
ChargeNot Available
Optical Rotation[a]25D +22 (c, 2 in 1M HCl)DFC
Spectroscopic UV DataNot Available
DensityNot Available
Refractive IndexNot Available
Spectra
Spectra
EI-MS/GC-MS
TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
GC-MSCitrulline, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrumsplash10-0a4i-0920000000-2d92b63cd5d9648023b8Spectrum
GC-MSCitrulline, 3 TMS, GC-MS Spectrumsplash10-00di-9610000000-2e7cd23afc2adcef35a3Spectrum
GC-MSCitrulline, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrumsplash10-0a4i-0920000000-2d92b63cd5d9648023b8Spectrum
GC-MSCitrulline, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrumsplash10-00di-9610000000-2e7cd23afc2adcef35a3Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSCitrulline, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positivesplash10-007o-9100000000-1f8dd2c6648b104639c7Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSCitrulline, 1 TMS, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positivesplash10-00dl-9410000000-37909012a777213f8566Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSCitrulline, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSCitrulline, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSCitrulline, TMS_1_2, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSCitrulline, TMS_1_3, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSCitrulline, TMS_1_4, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSCitrulline, TBDMS_1_1, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSCitrulline, TBDMS_1_2, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSCitrulline, TBDMS_1_3, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSCitrulline, TBDMS_1_4, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
MS/MS
TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-0a4i-0900000000-4c1d7af748a47e4899492012-07-24View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-00di-9000000000-988fced362fc0da157c92012-07-24View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-00di-9000000000-0818e0e8bcee126924982012-07-24View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-004j-0900000000-5fa8a338dcd2f2a6bdd22012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-004i-0900000000-16763200aa07f7629ad42012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-03di-3900000000-d9cfc5187aa799f6f9782012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-10ee9a593e13550bec1c2012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-004i-0900000000-45d272576af34c9512a32012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-014i-3900000000-6177a284fdea5a3f13062012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-d9456d45e2dbd7a3df102012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-004i-0900000000-ada57cdc73bda93be4832012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-008a-0904000000-23fbe48f82e515087d682012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-03di-5900000000-78afcbaf8b8b3eabf1742012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-001i-0900000000-8fb191d4c20fd54b92822012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-00di-0900000000-da484f0362a8dca5127e2012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negativesplash10-00e9-0900000000-46229b4f77feabb3f8572012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negativesplash10-001i-0900000000-4aca1022c393602a297d2012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negativesplash10-001i-0900000000-3bc2eff2e907b7734cc82012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negativesplash10-001i-3900000000-2613bf40e3be814da86f2012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negativesplash10-0006-9300000000-e83287bbc060eb9cf6f32012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Positivesplash10-056r-0900000000-694a8872bdfd7eec1f2b2012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Positivesplash10-08fr-2900000000-15b4711991ea9985fb2b2012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Positivesplash10-00di-9300000000-915fbb73e0b728420e4a2012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Positivesplash10-00di-9000000000-67e60567f5c0627283502012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Positivesplash10-00di-9000000000-25140713431edd7c5eea2012-08-31View Spectrum
NMR
TypeDescriptionView
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 125 MHz, H2O, experimental)Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, experimental)Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, D2O, experimental)Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, experimental)Spectrum
2D NMR[1H, 1H]-TOCSY. Unexported temporarily by An Chi on Oct 15, 2021 until json or nmrML file is generated. 2D NMR Spectrum (experimental)Spectrum
2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)Spectrum
ChemSpider ID9367
ChEMBL IDCHEMBL444814
KEGG Compound IDC00327
Pubchem Compound ID9750
Pubchem Substance IDNot Available
ChEBI IDNot Available
Phenol-Explorer IDNot Available
DrugBank IDDB00155
HMDB IDHMDB00904
CRC / DFC (Dictionary of Food Compounds) IDGZW12-P:GZX06-V
EAFUS IDNot Available
Dr. Duke IDCITRULLINE
BIGG ID34627
KNApSAcK IDC00001348
HET IDCIR
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
Flavornet IDNot Available
GoodScent IDNot Available
SuperScent IDNot Available
Wikipedia IDCitrulline
Phenol-Explorer Metabolite IDNot Available
Duplicate IDSNot Available
Old DFC IDSNot Available
Associated Foods
FoodContent Range AverageReference
FoodReference
Biological Effects and Interactions
Health Effects / Bioactivities
DescriptorIDDefinitionReference
Ant iasthenic52217 An agent that enhances muscle strength and counteracts muscle weakness, used to treat myasthenia gravis and other neuromuscular disorders, improving muscle function and reducing fatigue.DUKE
Anti hepatotic62868 An agent that protects the liver from damage, reducing inflammation and promoting liver health. It is used therapeutically to manage liver diseases, such as hepatitis and cirrhosis, and to prevent liver damage from toxins and medications. Key medical uses include treating liver conditions, supporting liver function, and preventing liver failure.DUKE
Anti osteoporotic52217 An agent that prevents or treats osteoporosis by promoting bone density, reducing bone resorption, and increasing calcium absorption, commonly used in managing osteoporosis, osteopenia, and preventing fractures.DUKE
Diuretic35498 An agent that increases urine production, helping remove excess fluids and salts from the body. It plays a key biological role in regulating fluid balance and blood pressure. Therapeutically, diuretics are used to treat conditions such as hypertension, edema, and heart failure, helping reduce swelling and lower blood pressure.DUKE
Enzymes
NameGene NameUniProt ID
N(G),N(G)-dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 2DDAH2O95865
Argininosuccinate synthaseASS1P00966
NOS1 mutantNOS1B3VK56
Ornithine carbamoyltransferase, mitochondrialOTCP00480
Pathways
NameSMPDB LinkKEGG Link
Arginine and Proline MetabolismSMP00020 map00330
Aspartate MetabolismSMP00067 map00250
Urea CycleSMP00059 map00330
MetabolismNot Available
BiosynthesisNot Available
Organoleptic Properties
FlavoursNot Available
Files
MSDSshow
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
General ReferenceNot Available
Content Reference— Duke, James. 'Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. United States Department of Agriculture.' Agricultural Research Service, Accessed April 27 (2004).
— Shinbo, Y., et al. 'KNApSAcK: a comprehensive species-metabolite relationship database.' Plant Metabolomics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. 165-181.