1.0 2010-04-08 22:10:14 UTC 2019-11-26 03:07:03 UTC FDB012553 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol Constituent of muskmelon (Cucurbita moschata) 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol is the cleavage product produced during the biosynthesis of the thiazole moiety of thiamine from tyrosine as part of the thiamine biosynthesis pathway. It is a derivative of benzyl alcohol which is used as a local anesthetic and to reduce pain associated with Lidocaine injectionand is also, it is used in the manufacture of other benzyl compounds, as a pharmaceutical aid, and in perfumery and flavoring. Benzyl Alcohol is an aromatic alcohol used in a wide variety of cosmetic formulations as a fragrance component, preservative, solvent, and viscosity-decreasing agent. Benzyl Alcohol is metabolized to Benzoic Acid, which reacts with glycine and excreted as hippuric acid in the human body. Acceptable daily intakes were established by the World Health Organization at 5 mg/kg for Benzyl Alcohol. No adverse effects of benzyl alcohol have been seen in chronic exposure animal studies using rats and mice. Effects of Benzyl Alcohol in chronic exposure animal studies are limited to reduced feed intake and reduced growth. Some differences have been noted in one reproductive toxicity study using mice, but these were limited to lower maternal body weights and decreased mean litter weights. Another study also noted that fetal weight was decreased compared to controls, but a third study showed no differences between control and benzyl alcohol-treated groups. Benzyl Alcohol has been associated with an increased number of resorptions and malformations in hamsters, but there have been no reproductive or developmental toxicity findings in studies using mice and rats. Genotoxicity tests for benzyl alcohol are mostly negative, but there were some assays that were positive. Carcinogenicity studies, however, were negative. Clinical data indicates that benzyl alcohol can produce nonimmunologic contact urticaria and nonimmunologic immediate contact reactions, characterized by the appearance of wheals, erythema, and pruritis. 5% benzyl alcohol can elicit a reaction. Benzyl Alcohol is not a sensitizer at 10%. Benzyl Alcohol could be used safely at concentrations up to 5%, but that manufacturers should consider the nonimmunologic phenomena when using benzyl alcohol in cosmetic formulations designed for infants and children. Additionally, Benzyl Alcohol is considered safe up to 10% for use in hair dyes. The limited body exposure, the duration of use, and the frequency of use are considered in concluding that the nonimmunologic reactions would not be a concern. Because of the wide variety of product types in which benzyl alcohol may be used, it is likely that inhalation may be a route of exposure. The available safety tests are not considered sufficient to support the safety of benzyl alcohol in formulations where inhalation is a route of exposure. Inhalation toxicity data are needed to complete the safety assessment of benzyl alcohol where inhalation can occur. (PMID: 11766131). 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol is found in fruits. α-Hydroxy-p-cresol 4-(Hydroxymethyl)phenol 4-(Hydroxymethyl)phenol (acd/name 4.0) 4-Hydroxybenzenemethanol 4-Hydroxybenzenemethanol, 9CI 4-Methylolphenol a-Hydroxy-p-cresol a,4-Dihydroxytoluene alpha-Hydroxy-P-cresol b4-Hydroxy-enzenemethanol Gastrodigenin p-(Hydroxymethyl)phenol p-Hydroxy-benzyl alcohol p-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol p-Hydroxymethylphenol p-Methylolphenol C7H8O2 124.1372 124.0524295 4-(hydroxymethyl)phenol P-hydroxybenzyl alcohol 623-05-2 OCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 InChI=1S/C7H8O2/c8-5-6-1-3-7(9)4-2-6/h1-4,8-9H,5H2 BVJSUAQZOZWCKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzyl alcohols. These are organic compounds containing the phenylmethanol substructure. Benzyl alcohols Organic compounds Benzenoids Benzene and substituted derivatives Benzyl alcohols Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids Aromatic alcohols Hydrocarbon derivatives Primary alcohols 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid Alcohol Aromatic alcohol Aromatic homomonocyclic compound Benzyl alcohol Hydrocarbon derivative Organic oxygen compound Organooxygen compound Phenol Primary alcohol a phenol benzyl alcohols phenols Solid logp 0.53 ALOGPS logs -0.32 ALOGPS solubility 5.98e+01 g/l ALOGPS melting_point Mp 124.5-125.5° logp 0.9 ChemAxon pka_strongest_acidic 9.48 ChemAxon pka_strongest_basic -2.8 ChemAxon iupac 4-(hydroxymethyl)phenol ChemAxon average_mass 124.1372 ChemAxon mono_mass 124.0524295 ChemAxon smiles OCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ChemAxon formula C7H8O2 ChemAxon inchi InChI=1S/C7H8O2/c8-5-6-1-3-7(9)4-2-6/h1-4,8-9H,5H2 ChemAxon inchikey BVJSUAQZOZWCKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChemAxon polar_surface_area 40.46 ChemAxon refractivity 34.85 ChemAxon polarizability 12.86 ChemAxon rotatable_bond_count 1 ChemAxon acceptor_count 2 ChemAxon donor_count 2 ChemAxon physiological_charge 0 ChemAxon formal_charge 0 ChemAxon Specdb::MsIr 2588 Specdb::MsIr 2589 Specdb::NmrOneD 94172 Specdb::NmrOneD 94173 Specdb::NmrOneD 94174 Specdb::NmrOneD 94175 Specdb::NmrOneD 94176 Specdb::NmrOneD 94177 Specdb::NmrOneD 94178 Specdb::NmrOneD 94179 Specdb::NmrOneD 94180 Specdb::NmrOneD 94181 Specdb::NmrOneD 94182 Specdb::NmrOneD 94183 Specdb::NmrOneD 94184 Specdb::NmrOneD 94185 Specdb::NmrOneD 94186 Specdb::NmrOneD 94187 Specdb::NmrOneD 94188 Specdb::NmrOneD 94189 Specdb::NmrOneD 94190 Specdb::NmrOneD 94191 Specdb::CMs 22206 Specdb::CMs 29172 Specdb::CMs 30075 Specdb::CMs 30168 Specdb::CMs 30257 Specdb::CMs 30452 Specdb::CMs 30817 Specdb::CMs 39777 Specdb::CMs 99977 Specdb::CMs 99978 Specdb::CMs 99979 Specdb::CMs 99980 Specdb::CMs 99981 Specdb::CMs 99982 Specdb::CMs 157499 Specdb::MsMs 23729 Specdb::MsMs 23730 Specdb::MsMs 23731 Specdb::MsMs 30527 Specdb::MsMs 30528 Specdb::MsMs 30529 Specdb::MsMs 2466587 Specdb::MsMs 2466588 Specdb::MsMs 2466589 Specdb::MsMs 2495885 Specdb::MsMs 2495886 Specdb::MsMs 2495887 HMDB11724 #<Reference:0x000056127188eaf8> Anatidae Type 1 specific Anatidae 8830 Beefalo Type 1 specific Bos taurus X Bison bison 297284 Bison Type 1 specific Bison bison 9901 Buffalo Type 1 specific Bubalus bubalis 89462 Cattle (Beef, Veal) Type 1 specific Bos taurus 9913 Chicken Type 1 specific Gallus gallus 9031 Columbidae (Dove, Pigeon) Type 1 specific Columbidae 8930 Deer Type 1 specific Cervidae 9850 Domestic goat Type 1 specific Capra aegagrus hircus 9925 Domestic pig Type 1 specific Sus scrofa domestica 9825 Elk Type 1 specific Cervus canadensis 1574408 Emu Type 1 specific Dromaius novaehollandiae 8790 European rabbit Type 1 specific Oryctolagus 9984 Fruits Unknown generic Greylag goose Type 1 specific Anser anser 8843 Guinea hen Type 1 specific Numida meleagris 8996 Horse Type 1 specific Equus caballus 9796 Mallard duck Type 1 specific Anas platyrhynchos 8839 Mountain hare Type 1 specific Lepus timidus 62621 Mule deer Type 1 specific Odocoileus 9871 Ostrich Type 1 specific Struthio camelus 8801 Pheasant Type 1 specific Phasianus colchicus 9054 Quail Type 1 specific Phasianidae 9005 Rabbit Type 1 specific Leporidae 9979 Rock ptarmigan Type 1 specific Lagopus muta 64668 Sheep (Mutton, Lamb) Type 1 specific Ovis aries 9940 Squab Type 1 specific Columba 8931 Turkey Type 1 specific Meleagris gallopavo 9103 Velvet duck Type 1 specific Melanitta fusca 371864 Wild boar Type 1 specific Sus scrofa 9823 almond bitter coconut fruity sweet