| Health Effects / Bioactivities | | Descriptor | ID | Definition | Reference |
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| Allergenic | 50904 | A substance that triggers an immune response, causing allergic reactions. Its biological role is to stimulate the immune system, but it has no therapeutic applications. Key medical uses include diagnosing allergies and developing immunotherapies to desensitize patients to specific allergens, reducing the risk of severe reactions. | DUKE | | Anti-chilblain | | A vasodilator that stimulates blood vessel dilation, used to treat chilblains by improving blood flow to affected areas, reducing pain and inflammation, and promoting healing. | DUKE | | Anti Meniere's | 52217 | An agent that alleviates symptoms of Meniere's disease, a disorder of the inner ear. It helps regulate fluid balance and reduce vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss, improving quality of life for affected individuals. | DUKE | | Anti-migraine | 52217 | An agent that alleviates migraine symptoms, commonly used to treat and prevent migraine headaches by constricting blood vessels and blocking pain pathways, providing relief from severe headaches, nausea, and sensitivity to light and sound. | DUKE | | Bronchoconstrictor | 50141 | An agent that narrows airway passages, used therapeutically to diagnose asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and medically to treat conditions such as post-operative bronchospasm, or to reverse excessive bronchodilation. | DUKE | | Bronchostimulant | 52217 | An agent that stimulates bronchial dilation, increasing airway patency. It plays a biological role in regulating respiratory function. Therapeutically, bronchostimulants are used to treat respiratory disorders, with key medical applications including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and bronchitis, providing relief from wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. | DUKE | | Cardiovascular | 38070 | A system that transports blood, oxygen, and nutrients throughout the body, playing a crucial role in overall health. Therapeutically, cardiovascular agents manage conditions like hypertension, heart failure, and atherosclerosis, with key medical uses including regulating blood pressure, preventing blood clots, and improving cardiac function. | DUKE | | Gastrostimulant | 55324 | An agent that stimulates digestive motility, increasing gastrointestinal movement and secretion. It enhances gut function, relieving symptoms of gastroparesis, constipation, and other motility disorders, commonly used in managing conditions like diabetes-related gastroparesis and postoperative ileus. | DUKE | | Histaminic | | A physiologically active amine that stimulates gastric secretion, causes capillary dilation, constricts bronchial smooth muscle, and lowers blood pressure. It plays a key role in allergic reactions, and its therapeutic applications include treating allergies, gastric disorders, and respiratory issues, with medical uses in antihistamines and gastric acid regulators. | DUKE | | Hypotensive | | An agent that lowers blood pressure, playing a biological role in regulating cardiovascular function. Therapeutically, it's used to manage hypertension, heart failure, and angina, with key medical applications in preventing stroke, kidney disease, and cardiac complications. | DUKE | | Irritant | | An agent that causes slight inflammation or discomfort, stimulating a biological response. Therapeutically, it can be used to increase blood flow or stimulate healing. Key medical uses include treating wounds, skin conditions, and respiratory issues, such as congestion, by inducing a mild inflammatory response to promote recovery. | DUKE | | Myostimulant | | An agent that stimulates an increase in the rhythm and amplitude of smooth muscle movement, playing a biological role in enhancing muscle contraction. Therapeutically, it is used to treat gastrointestinal disorders, such as constipation, and other conditions characterized by reduced muscle activity, like urinary retention. | DUKE | | Radioprotective | 35232 | An agent that shields cells from radiation damage, reducing oxidative stress and DNA harm. Its biological role is to mitigate radiation-induced injury, and it has therapeutic applications in cancer treatment, space exploration, and nuclear medicine, with key medical uses including protection of healthy tissues during radiation therapy. | DUKE | | Secretogogue | | A substance that stimulates secretion, playing a biological role in regulating hormone and enzyme release. Therapeutically, it has applications in treating conditions like hyposecretion and is used to manage digestive issues, respiratory problems, and endocrine disorders, promoting healthy secretion in various bodily systems. | DUKE | | Spasmogenic | | An agent that induces spasms, causing sudden involuntary muscular contractions. It plays a biological role in stimulating muscle activity. Therapeutically, it has applications in diagnosing and treating muscle disorders. Key medical uses include assessing muscle function and treating conditions like muscle atrophy, with potential applications in physical therapy and rehabilitation. | DUKE | | Tachycardic | 38070 | An agent that increases heart rate, playing a biological role in stress response and exercise. Therapeutically, it is used to manage bradycardia (abnormally slow heart rate) and cardiac arrest. Key medical uses include treating symptomatic bradycardia, Adams-Stokes syndrome, and asystole, helping to restore normal heart rhythm and maintain adequate blood circulation. | DUKE | | Ulcerogenic | | An agent that causes the production of ulcers, often used to study gastrointestinal disease mechanisms. Its biological role involves disrupting mucosal defense, leading to ulcer formation. Therapeutically, understanding ulcerogenic agents informs the development of anti-ulcer medications. Key medical uses include researching gastric ulcer pathogenesis and testing potential treatments for ulcer prevention and healing. | DUKE | | Vasodilator | 35620 | An agent that widens blood vessels, reducing blood pressure and increasing blood flow. It plays a biological role in regulating cardiovascular function. Therapeutically, vasodilators are used to treat conditions such as hypertension, angina, and heart failure, improving oxygen delivery and reducing cardiac workload. | DUKE | | Neurotransmitter | 25512 | A chemical messenger that transmits signals between neurons, regulating various physiological and psychological processes. Therapeutically, neurotransmitter modulators are used to treat conditions such as depression, anxiety, and Parkinson's disease, by altering neurotransmitter levels or activity to restore balance and alleviate symptoms. | CHEBI |
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