1.0 2010-04-08 22:10:19 UTC 2019-11-26 03:07:25 UTC FDB012703 D-Galactose The free sugar has been detected in some fruits. Polysaccharides agar, gum arabic, mesquite gum, western larch gum and many plant mucilages and gums contain galactose D-Galactose is an aldohexose that occurs naturally in the D-form in lactose, cerebrosides, gangliosides, and mucoproteins. D-Galactose is an energy-providing nutrient and also a necessary basic substrate for the biosynthesis of many macromolecules in the body. Metabolic pathways for D-Galactose are important not only for the provision of these pathways but also for the prevention of D-Galactose and D-Galactose metabolite accumulation. The main source of D-Galactose is lactose in the milk of mammals, but it can also be found in some fruits and vegetables. Utilization of D-Galactose in all living cells is initiated by the phosphorylation of the hexose by the enzyme galactokinase (E.C. 2.7.1.6) (GALK) to form D-Galactose-1-phosphate. In the presence of D-Galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (E.C. 2.7.7.12) (GALT) D-Galactose-1-phosphate is exchanged with glucose-1-phosphate in UDP-glucose to form UDP-galactose. Glucose-1-phosphate will then enter the glycolytic pathway for energy production. Deficiency of the enzyme GALT in galactosemic patients leads to the accumulation of D-Galactose-1-phosphate. Classic galactosemia-a term that denotes the presence of D-Galactose in the blood is the rare inborn error of D-Galactose metabolism, diagnosed by the deficiency of the second enzyme of the D-Galactose assimilation pathway, GALT, which, in turn, is caused by mutations at the GALT gene. (PMID: 15256214, 11020650, 10408771); In organic chemistry, a hexose is a monosaccharide with six carbon atoms, having the chemical formula C6H12O6. Hexoses are classified by functional group, with aldohexoses having an aldehyde at position 1, and ketohexoses having a ketone at position 2. Galactose in the urine is a biomarker for the consumption of milk. (+)-galactose 5Abp 8Abp a D-GALACTOSE a-D-Gal a-D-Galactose ALPHA D-GALACTOSE alpha-D-Gal D-(+)-galactose D-galactopyranose D-galactose D-Hexose GAL Gal-a Gal-alpha Gal-α Galactose Galactose (NF) Galactose, d- GLC Hexose α D-galactose α-D-gal α-D-galactose C6H12O6 180.1559 180.063388116 (3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol (+)-galactose 59-23-4 OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O InChI=1S/C6H12O6/c7-1-2-3(8)4(9)5(10)6(11)12-2/h2-11H,1H2/t2-,3+,4+,5-,6?/m1/s1 WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-SVZMEOIVSA-N belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hexoses. These are monosaccharides in which the sugar unit is a is a six-carbon containing moeity. Hexoses Organic compounds Organic oxygen compounds Organooxygen compounds Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds Hemiacetals Hydrocarbon derivatives Oxacyclic compounds Oxanes Polyols Primary alcohols Secondary alcohols Alcohol Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound Hemiacetal Hexose monosaccharide Hydrocarbon derivative Organoheterocyclic compound Oxacycle Oxane Polyol Primary alcohol Secondary alcohol Aldoses D-galactose galactopyranose Solid logp -2.57 ALOGPS logs 0.64 ALOGPS solubility 7.82e+02 g/l ALOGPS melting_point Mp 118-120° (monohydrate) logp -2.9 ChemAxon pka_strongest_acidic 11.3 ChemAxon pka_strongest_basic -3 ChemAxon iupac (3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol ChemAxon average_mass 180.1559 ChemAxon mono_mass 180.063388116 ChemAxon smiles OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O ChemAxon formula C6H12O6 ChemAxon inchi InChI=1S/C6H12O6/c7-1-2-3(8)4(9)5(10)6(11)12-2/h2-11H,1H2/t2-,3+,4+,5-,6?/m1/s1 ChemAxon inchikey WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-SVZMEOIVSA-N ChemAxon polar_surface_area 110.38 ChemAxon refractivity 35.92 ChemAxon polarizability 16.13 ChemAxon rotatable_bond_count 1 ChemAxon acceptor_count 6 ChemAxon donor_count 5 ChemAxon physiological_charge 0 ChemAxon formal_charge 0 ChemAxon Galactose Metabolism SMP00043 map00052 Lactose Degradation SMP00457 Nucleotide Sugars Metabolism SMP00010 map00520 Specdb::MsMs 25706 Specdb::MsMs 25707 Specdb::MsMs 25708 Specdb::MsMs 32264 Specdb::MsMs 32265 Specdb::MsMs 32266 Specdb::MsMs 447567 Specdb::CMs 14931 Specdb::CMs 30339 Specdb::CMs 30340 Specdb::CMs 30341 Specdb::CMs 30544 Specdb::CMs 30545 Specdb::CMs 30776 Specdb::CMs 30777 Specdb::CMs 32346 Specdb::CMs 32347 Specdb::CMs 43452 Specdb::CMs 101363 Specdb::CMs 101364 Specdb::CMs 101365 Specdb::CMs 101366 Specdb::CMs 101367 Specdb::CMs 101368 Specdb::CMs 101369 Specdb::CMs 101370 Specdb::CMs 101371 HMDB00143 4139 GLA #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3e7c0> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3e590> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3e3b0> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3e1f8> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3e040> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3de88> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3dcd0> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3da78> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3d898> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3d6e0> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3d500> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3d348> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3d0f0> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3cdf8> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3cc18> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3ca38> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3c880> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3c6c8> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3c510> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3c358> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a3c010> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a2f860> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a2f180> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a2ea00> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a2e208> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a2e028> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a2ddf8> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a2dbf0> #<Reference:0x000055ce30a2d948> Abiyuch Type 1 specific Crateva religiosa 202634 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Agave Type 1 specific Agave 39509 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Alaska blueberry Type 1 specific Vaccinium alaskaense 190544 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Alaska pollock Type 1 specific Theragra chalcogramma 1042646 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Alfalfa Type 1 specific Medicago sativa 3879 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Allium Type 1 specific Allium 4678 72.0 360.0 0.0 mg/100 g Almond Type 1 specific Prunus dulcis 3755 8.398333 50.0 0.0 mg/100 g Almond milk Type 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Amaranth Type 1 specific Amaranthus 3564 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g American cranberry Type 1 specific Vaccinium macrocarpon 13750 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g American lobster Type 1 specific Homarus americanus 6706 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Apple Type 1 specific Malus pumila 283210 6.0 60.0 0.0 mg/100 g Apricot Type 1 specific Prunus armeniaca 36596 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Arabica coffee Type 1 specific Coffea arabica 13443 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Arepa Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Asparagus Type 1 specific Asparagus officinalis 4686 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Atlantic halibut Type 1 specific Hippoglossus hippoglossus 8267 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Avocado Type 1 specific Persea americana 3435 60.05 100.0 0.15 mg/100 g Baby food Type 2 specific 10.0 190.0 0.0 mg/100 g Baked beans Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Banana Type 1 specific Musa acuminata 4641 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Bean Type 1 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Bearded seal Type 1 specific Erignathus barbatus 39304 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Beer Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Beluga whale Type 1 specific Delphinapterus leucas 9749 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Biscuit Type 2 specific 12.0 70.0 0.0 mg/100 g Bivalvia (Clam, Mussel, Oyster) Type 1 specific Bivalvia 6544 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Blue crab Type 1 specific Callinectes sapidus 6763 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Borage Type 1 specific Borago officinalis 13363 Brazil nut Type 1 specific Bertholletia excelsa 3645 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Breakfast cereal Type 2 specific 9.166667 160.0 0.0 mg/100 g Breakfast sandwich Type 2 specific 3.888889 40.0 0.0 mg/100 g Broccoli Type 1 specific Brassica oleracea var. italica 36774 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Brussel sprouts Type 1 specific Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera 178616 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Burrito Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Butternut squash Type 1 specific Cucurbita moschata 3662 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Cabbage Type 1 specific Brassica oleracea var. capitata 3716 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Cake Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Cantaloupe melon Type 1 Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis 0.065 0.065 0.065 mg/100 g Caraway Type 1 specific Carum carvi 48032 Carob Type 1 specific Ceratonia siliqua 20340 Carrot Type 1 specific Daucus carota ssp. sativus 79200 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Cashew nut Type 1 specific Anacardium occidentale 171929 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Cattle (Beef, Veal) Type 1 specific Bos taurus 9913 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Cauliflower Type 1 specific Brassica oleracea var. botrytis 3715 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Celery stalks Type 1 specific Apium graveolens var. dulce 117781 0.165 0.165 0.165 mg/100 g Channel catfish Type 1 specific Ictalurus punctatus 7998 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Chanterelle Type 1 specific Cantharellus cibarius 36066 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Cheddar Cheese Type 2 Cheddar Cheese 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Cheese Type 2 specific 72.666667 300.0 0.0 mg/100 g Cherimoya Type 1 specific Annona cherimola 49314 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Chili Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Chinese cinnamon Type 1 specific Cinnamomum aromaticum 119260 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Chinook salmon Type 1 specific Oncorhynchus tshawytscha 74940 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Chives Type 1 specific Allium schoenoprasum 74900 Chocolate Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Chum salmon Type 1 specific Oncorhynchus keta 8018 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Cinnamon Type 1 specific Cinnamomum 13428 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Clam Type 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Clawed lobster Type 1 specific Nephropidae 6704 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Clementine Type 1 Citrus × clementina 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Cloves Type 1 specific Syzygium aromaticum 219868 75.075 150.0 0.15 mg/100 g Cocoa bean Type 1 specific Theobroma cacao 3641 Coconut Type 1 specific Cocos nucifera 13894 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Coffee Type 1 generic Coffea 13442 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Coho salmon Type 1 specific Oncorhynchus kisutch 8019 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Common bean Type 1 specific Phaseolus vulgaris 3885 21.25 340.0 0.0 mg/100 g Common beet Type 1 specific Beta vulgaris 161934 800.0 800.0 800.0 mg/100 g Common cabbage Type 1 specific Brassica oleracea 3712 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Common chokecherry Type 1 specific Prunus virginiana 133204 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Common grape Type 1 specific Vitis vinifera 29760 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Common mushroom Type 1 specific Agaricus bisporus 5341 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Common oregano Type 1 specific Origanum vulgare 39352 75.075 150.0 0.15 mg/100 g Common pea Type 1 specific Pisum sativum 3888 14.0 140.0 0.0 mg/100 g Corn Type 1 specific Zea mays 4577 10.0 360.0 0.0 mg/100 g Corn chip Type 2 specific 46.666667 70.0 0.0 mg/100 g Corn grits Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Cottage cheese Type 2 0.045 0.045 0.045 mg/100 g Cow milk, pasteurized, vitamin A + D added, 0% fat Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Cow milk, pasteurized, vitamin A + D added, 1% fat Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Cow milk, pasteurized, vitamin A + D added, 2% fat Type 2 specific 20.0 20.0 20.0 mg/100 g Cow milk, pasteurized, vitamin D added, 3.25% fat Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Cracker Type 2 specific 10.0 70.0 0.0 mg/100 g Cream Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Cucumber Type 1 specific Cucumis sativus 3659 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Cucurbita Type 1 specific Cucurbita 3660 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Curry powder Type 2 specific 210.0 210.0 210.0 mg/100 g Daikon radish Type 1 specific Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus 41679 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Date Type 1 specific Phoenix dactylifera 42345 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Domestic pig Type 1 specific Sus scrofa domestica 9825 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Dulce de leche Type 2 specific 1030.0 1030.0 1030.0 mg/100 g Eastern oyster Type 1 specific Crassostrea virginica 6565 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Egg roll Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Eggs Unknown generic 14.0 70.0 0.0 mg/100 g Empanada Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Enokitake Type 1 specific Flammulina velutipes 38945 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g European plum Type 1 specific Prunus domestica 3758 46.666667 140.0 0.0 mg/100 g Feijoa Type 1 specific Feijoa sellowiana 260130 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Fig Type 1 specific Ficus carica 3494 65.1425 130.0 0.285 mg/100 g Flatfish Type 1 specific Pleuronectiformes 8252 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Flaxseed Type 1 specific Linum usitatissimum 4006 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g French plantain Type 1 specific Musa X paradisiaca 89151 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g French toast Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Fruit juice Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Fruit-flavor drink Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Frybread Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Gadiformes Type 1 specific Gadiformes 8043 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Garden onion Type 1 specific Allium cepa 4679 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Garden onion (var.) Type 1 specific Allium cepa var. cepa 4679 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Garden tomato Type 1 specific Solanum lycopersicum 4081 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Garlic Type 1 specific Allium sativum 4682 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g German camomile Type 1 specific Matricaria recutita 127986 Ginger Type 1 specific Zingiber officinale 94328 190.0 190.0 190.0 mg/100 g Ginkgo nuts Type 1 specific Ginkgo biloba 3311 Globe artichoke Type 1 specific Cynara scolymus 59895 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Grape Type 1 specific Vitis 3603 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Grape wine Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Grapefruit Type 1 specific Citrus X paradisi 37656 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Grapefruit/Pummelo hybrid Type 1 specific Citrus paradisi X Citrus maxima 37656 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Green bean Type 1 specific Phaseolus vulgaris 3885 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Green bell pepper Type 1 specific Capsicum annuum 4072 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Green lentil Type 1 Lens culinaris 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Green plum Type 1 0.56 0.56 0.56 mg/100 g Green zucchini Type 1 specific Cucurbita pepo var. cylindrica 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Guava Type 1 specific Psidium guajava 120290 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Hamburger Type 2 specific 44.848485 510.0 0.0 mg/100 g Hibiscus tea Type 1 specific Hibiscus sabbariffa 183260 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Hippoglossus (Common halibut) Type 1 specific Hippoglossus 8266 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Honey Type 2 specific 1034.366667 3100.0 0.0 mg/100 g Horchata Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Horseradish tree Type 1 specific Moringa oleifera 3735 Hot chocolate Type 2 specific 10.0 10.0 10.0 mg/100 g Hushpuppy Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Ice cream Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Iceberg lettuce Type 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Italian oregano Type 1 specific Origanum X majoricum 1384207 0.15 0.15 0.15 mg/100 g Italian sweet red pepper Type 1 specific Capsicum annuum 4072 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Jackfruit Type 1 specific Artocarpus heterophyllus 3489 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Jalapeno pepper Type 1 Capsicum annuum 'Jalapeño' 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Japanese pumpkin Type 1 specific Cucurbita maxima 3661 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Kale Type 1 specific Brassica napus var. pabularia 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Kefir Type 2 specific 0.91 0.91 0.91 mg/100 g Ketchup Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Kiwi Type 1 specific Actinidia chinensis 3625 85.205 170.0 0.41 mg/100 g Lemon Type 1 specific Citrus limon 2708 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Lemon sole Type 1 specific Microstomus kitt 106175 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Lentils Type 1 generic Lens culinaris 3864 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Lettuce Type 1 specific Lactuca sativa 4236 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Lima bean Type 1 specific Phaseolus lunatus 3884 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Macaroni and cheese Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Maitake Type 1 specific Grifola frondosa 5627 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Mamey sapote Type 1 specific Pouteria sapota 233744 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Mandarin orange (Clementine, Tangerine) Type 1 specific Citrus reticulata 85571 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Mango Type 1 specific Mangifera indica 29780 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Meatloaf Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Mexican oregano Type 1 specific Lippia graveolens 0.15 0.15 0.15 mg/100 g Milk (Cow) Type 2 specific 2889.434441 67719.0879 0.0 mg/100 g Milkshake Type 2 specific 32.5 130.0 0.0 mg/100 g Millet Type 1 specific Panicum miliaceum 4540 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Miso Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Mixed nuts Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Morchella (Morel) Type 1 specific Morchellaceae 5192 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Mozzarella cheese Type 2 0.15 0.15 0.15 mg/100 g Mung bean Type 1 specific Vigna radiata 157791 Muskmelon Type 1 specific Cucumis melo 3656 20.0 60.0 0.0 mg/100 g Nance Type 1 specific Byrsonima crassifolia 4270 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Naranjilla Type 1 specific Solanum quitoense 227725 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Narrowleaf cattail Type 1 specific Typha angustifolia 59011 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Nectarine Type 1 specific Prunus persica var. nucipersica 323851 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Okra Type 1 specific Abelmoschus esculentus 455045 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Olive Type 1 specific Olea europaea 4146 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Opium poppy Type 1 specific Papaver somniferum 3469 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Orange bell pepper Type 1 specific Capsicum annuum 4072 Oriental wheat Type 1 specific Triticum turanicum 376534 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Other beverage Type 2 specific 40.0 40.0 40.0 mg/100 g Other bread Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Other bread product Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Other candy Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Other dish Type 2 specific 17.894737 300.0 0.0 mg/100 g Other fish product Type 2 specific 65.0 130.0 0.0 mg/100 g Other fruit product Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Other pasta dish Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Other sandwich Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Other snack food Type 2 specific 44.0 220.0 0.0 mg/100 g Other soy product Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Oyster mushroom Type 1 specific Pleurotus ostreatus 5322 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Pacific cod Type 1 specific Gadus macrocephalus 80720 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Pacific halibut Type 1 specific Hippoglossus stenolepis 195615 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Pacific ocean perch Type 1 specific Sebastes alutus 72055 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Pacific rockfish Type 1 specific Sebastes 34820 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Pacific sardine Type 1 specific Sardinops sagax 28381 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Painted comber Type 1 specific Serranus scriba 349661 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Pan dulce Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Pancake Type 2 specific 5.0 30.0 0.0 mg/100 g Papaya Type 1 specific Carica papaya 3649 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Parmesan cheese Type 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Parsley Type 1 specific Petroselinum crispum 4043 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Pasta Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Pastry Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Pea shoots Type 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Peach Type 1 specific Prunus persica 3760 15.02125 60.0 0.0 mg/100 g Peach (var.) Type 1 specific Prunus persica var. persica 323852 0.085 0.085 0.085 mg/100 g Peanut Type 1 specific Arachis hypogaea 3818 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Pear Type 1 specific Pyrus communis 23211 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Pepper Type 1 specific Capsicum annuum 4072 21.111111 190.0 0.0 mg/100 g Pepper (C. frutescens) Type 1 specific Capsicum annuum var. annuum 40321 Pepper (Spice) Type 1 specific Piper nigrum 13216 75.015 150.0 0.03 mg/100 g Persian lime Type 1 specific Citrus latifolia 200541 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Pie Type 2 specific 5.0 10.0 0.0 mg/100 g Piki bread Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Pine nut Type 1 specific Pinus 3337 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Pineapple Type 1 specific Ananas comosus 4615 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Pizza Type 2 specific 110.392157 250.0 70.0 mg/100 g Plains prickly pear Type 1 specific Opuntia macrorhiza 1041245 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Plantain Type 1 Musa × paradisiaca 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Pomegranate Type 1 specific Punica granatum 22663 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Popcorn Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Potato Type 1 specific Solanum tuberosum 4113 5.263158 200.0 0.0 mg/100 g Potato chip Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Potato puffs Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Prairie turnip Type 1 specific Pediomelum esculentum 458363 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Processed cheese Type 2 specific 220.0 390.0 140.0 mg/100 g Pudding Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Pupusa Type 2 specific 60.0 180.0 0.0 mg/100 g Purslane Type 1 specific Portulaca oleracea 46147 Quesadilla Type 2 specific 80.0 80.0 80.0 mg/100 g Quince Type 1 specific Cydonia oblonga 36610 Radish Type 1 specific Raphanus sativus 3726 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Rainbow trout Type 1 specific Oncorhynchus mykiss 8022 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Rapini Type 1 specific Brassica ruvo 1204434 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Ravioli Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Red beetroot Type 1 specific Beta vulgaris var. rubra Red bell pepper Type 1 specific Capsicum annuum 4072 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Red rice Type 1 specific Oryza rufipogon 4529 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Rice Type 1 specific Oryza sativa 4530 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Robusta coffee Type 1 specific Coffea canephora 49390 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Romaine lettuce Type 1 specific Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Rose hip Type 1 specific Rosa 3764 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Roselle Type 1 specific Hibiscus sabdariffa 183260 Rowal Type 1 specific Pangium edule 112823 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Rubus (Blackberry, Raspberry) Type 1 specific Rubus 23216 7.5 30.0 0.0 mg/100 g Rye Type 1 specific Secale cereale 4550 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Rye bread Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Salad Type 2 specific 35.0 190.0 0.0 mg/100 g Salad dressing Type 2 specific 16.111111 290.0 0.0 mg/100 g Salmonberry Type 1 specific Rubus spectabilis 59499 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Sauce Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Sausage Type 2 specific 43.636364 480.0 0.0 mg/100 g Scallop Type 1 specific Pectinidae 6566 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Sea-buckthornberry Type 1 specific Hippophae rhamnoides 193516 Sesame Type 1 specific Sesamum orientale 4182 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Sheefish Type 1 specific Stenodus leucichthys 59296 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Shiitake Type 1 specific Lentinus edodes 5353 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Shrimp Type 1 specific Caridea 6694 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Smelt Type 1 specific Osmeridae 8012 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Snack bar Type 2 specific 946.666667 5620.0 0.0 mg/100 g Sockeye salmon Type 1 specific Oncorhynchus nerka 8023 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Soft-necked garlic Type 1 specific Allium sativum L. var. sativum 4682 Sorghum Type 1 specific Sorghum bicolor 4558 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Soup Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Sour cherry Type 1 specific Prunus cerasus 140311 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Soursop Type 1 specific Annona muricata 13337 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Soy bean Type 1 specific Glycine max 3847 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Spelt Type 1 specific Triticum spelta 58933 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Spinach Type 1 specific Spinacia oleracea 3562 20.02 100.0 0.0 mg/100 g Spotted seal Type 1 specific Phoca largha 39090 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Spread Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Stew Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Strawberry Type 1 specific Fragaria X ananassa 3747 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Sugar Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Sugar substitute Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Sunburst squash (pattypan squash) Type 1 specific Cucurbita pepo var. clypeata 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Sunflower Type 1 specific Helianthus annuus 4232 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Swede Type 1 specific Brassica napus 3708 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Sweet basil Type 1 specific Ocimum basilicum 39350 153.423333 270.0 0.27 mg/100 g Sweet cherry Type 1 specific Prunus avium 42229 295.0 590.0 0.0 mg/100 g Sweet custard Type 2 specific 5.0 10.0 0.0 mg/100 g Sweet orange Type 1 specific Citrus sinensis 2711 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Sweet potato Type 1 specific Ipomoea batatas 4120 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Swiss cheese Type 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Syrup Type 2 specific 135.0 270.0 0.0 mg/100 g Taco Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Tamale Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Tamarind Type 1 specific Tamarindus indica 58860 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Taro Type 1 specific Colocasia esculenta 4460 6465.0 6465.0 6465.0 mg/100 g Teff Type 1 specific Eragrostis tef 110835 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Tinda Type 1 specific Citrullus lanatus var. fistulosus 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Topping Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Tortilla Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Tortilla chip Type 2 specific 23.333333 70.0 0.0 mg/100 g True sole Type 1 specific Soleidae 30948 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Turkey Type 1 specific Meleagris gallopavo 9103 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Turmeric Type 1 specific Curcuma longa 136217 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Unclassified food or beverage Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Vaccinium (Blueberry, Cranberry, Huckleberry) Type 1 specific Vaccinium 13749 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Vegetarian food Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Vinegar Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Waffle Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Wasabi Type 1 specific Wasabia japonica 75806 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Water spinach Type 1 Ipomoea aquatica 0.1 0.1 0.1 mg/100 g Watermelon Type 1 specific Citrullus lanatus 3654 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Wheat Type 1 specific Triticum 4564 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Wheat bread Type 2 specific 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g White bread Type 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g White cabbage Type 1 specific Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L. f. alba DC. 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g White mustard Type 1 specific Sinapis alba 3728 100.0 200.0 0.0 mg/100 g Whitefish Type 1 specific Coregonus 27772 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Wild carrot Type 1 specific Daucus carota 4039 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Wild celery Type 1 specific Apium graveolens 4045 590.04125 850.0 0.165 mg/100 g Wild leek Type 1 specific Allium ampeloprasum 4681 Yellow bell pepper Type 1 specific Capsicum annuum 4072 Yellow pond-lily Type 1 specific Nuphar lutea 77113 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Yellow zucchini Type 1 specific Cucurbita pepo var. cylindrica 0.0 0.0 0.0 mg/100 g Yogurt Type 2 specific 175.0 180.0 170.0 mg/100 g Alpha-galactosidase A P06280 GLA Beta-galactosidase P16278 GLB1 Galactocerebrosidase P54803 GALC Galactokinase P51570 GALK1 Hexokinase-1 P19367 HK1 Hexokinase-2 P52789 HK2 Hexokinase-3 P52790 HK3 Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase P09848 LCT Maltase-glucoamylase, intestinal O43451 MGAM N-acetylgalactosamine kinase Q01415 GALK2 Neutral alpha-glucosidase C Q8TET4 GANC Sweetener 1341 Substance that sweeten food, beverages, medications, etc.