Record Information
Version1.0
Creation date2010-04-08 22:10:29 UTC
Update date2019-11-26 03:07:54 UTC
Primary IDFDB013034
Secondary Accession NumbersNot Available
Chemical Information
FooDB NameOleanolic acid
DescriptionOccurs as glycosides in cloves (Syzygium aromaticum), sugar beet (Beta vulgaris), olive leaves, etc. Very widely distributed aglycone Oleanolic acid or oleanic acid is a naturally occurring triterpenoid, widely distributed in food and medicinal plants, related to betulinic acid. It can be found in Phytolacca americana (American pokeweed), and Syzygium spp, garlic, etc. It is relatively non-toxic, antitumor, and hepatoprotective, as well as exhibiting antiviral properties.
CAS Number508-02-1
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
SynonymSource
3beta-Hydroxyolean-12-en-28-Oic acidChEBI
Astrantiagenin CChEBI
CaryophyllinChEBI
Giganteumgenin CChEBI
Oleanic acidChEBI
Virgaureagenin bChEBI
OleanolateKegg
3b-Hydroxyolean-12-en-28-OateGenerator
3b-Hydroxyolean-12-en-28-Oic acidGenerator
3beta-Hydroxyolean-12-en-28-OateGenerator
3Β-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-OateGenerator
3Β-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-Oic acidGenerator
OleanateGenerator
(3-beta)-3-Hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oateHMDB
(3-beta)-3-Hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acidHMDB
(3.beta.)-3-beta-hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oateHMDB
(3.beta.)-3-beta-hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acidHMDB
(3.beta.)-3-hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oateHMDB
(3.beta.)-3-hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acidHMDB
(4AS,5S,6as,6BR,8R,8ar,10S,12ar,12BR,14BS)-10-hydroxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,6b,7,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a,12b,13,14b-octadecahydro-2H-picene-4a-carboxylic acidHMDB
3-beta-Hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oateHMDB
3-beta-Hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acidHMDB
3.beta.-hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oateHMDB
3.beta.-hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acidHMDB
3beta-Hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oateHMDB
3beta-Hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acidHMDB
Oleanane triterpenesMeSH, HMDB
Triterpenes, oleananeMeSH, HMDB
OleanolMeSH, HMDB
HederinsMeSH, HMDB
(3beta)-3-Hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acidPhytoBank
(3β)-3-Hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acidPhytoBank
(+)-Oleanolic acidPhytoBank
Gledigenin 1PhytoBank
Oleonolic acidPhytoBank
OAPhytoBank
(3.beta.)-3-beta-hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-OateHMDB
(3.beta.)-3-beta-hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-Oic acidHMDB
(3.beta.)-3-hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-OateHMDB
(3.beta.)-3-hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-Oic acidHMDB
(4AS,5S,6as,6br,8R,8ar,10S,12ar,12br,14bs)-10-hydroxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,6b,7,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a,12b,13,14b-octadecahydro-2H-picene-4a-carboxylic acidHMDB
3.beta.-hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-OateHMDB
3.beta.-hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-Oic acidHMDB
3beta-Hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-OateHMDB
3beta-Hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-Oic acidHMDB
3β-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-OateGenerator
3β-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-Oic acidGenerator
Olean-12-en-28-oic acid, 3-beta-hydroxy- (8CI)biospider
Olean-12-en-28-oic acid, 3-hydroxy-, (3-beta)-biospider
Olean-12-en-28-oic acid, 3-hydroxy-, (3β)-biospider
Olean-12-en-28-oic acid, 3β-hydroxy-biospider
Olean-12-en-28-oic acid, 3beta-hydroxy- (8CI)biospider
Oleanolic aciddb_source
Virgaureagenin Bdb_source
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.00082 g/LALOGPS
logP7.09ALOGPS
logP6.59ChemAxon
logS-5.8ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)4.74ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-0.84ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area57.53 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count1ChemAxon
Refractivity133.62 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability54.87 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings5ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Chemical FormulaC30H48O3
IUPAC name(4aS,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,12bR,14bS)-10-hydroxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,6b,7,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a,12b,13,14b-icosahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C30H48O3/c1-25(2)14-16-30(24(32)33)17-15-28(6)19(20(30)18-25)8-9-22-27(5)12-11-23(31)26(3,4)21(27)10-13-29(22,28)7/h8,20-23,31H,9-18H2,1-7H3,(H,32,33)/t20-,21-,22+,23-,27-,28+,29+,30-/m0/s1
InChI KeyMIJYXULNPSFWEK-GTOFXWBISA-N
Isomeric SMILESCC1(C)CC[C@@]2(CC[C@]3(C)C(=CC[C@@H]4[C@@]5(C)CC[C@H](O)C(C)(C)[C@@H]5CC[C@@]34C)[C@@H]2C1)C(O)=O
Average Molecular Weight456.711
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight456.360345406
Classification
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as triterpenoids. These are terpene molecules containing six isoprene units.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassPrenol lipids
Sub ClassTriterpenoids
Direct ParentTriterpenoids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Triterpenoid
  • Cyclic alcohol
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Alcohol
  • Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Disposition

Route of exposure:

Source:

Biological location:

Process

Naturally occurring process:

Role

Industrial application:

Biological role:

Foods

Fats and oils:

Physico-Chemical Properties
Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental
PropertyValueReference
Physical stateSolid
Physical DescriptionNot Available
Mass CompositionC 78.90%; H 10.59%; O 10.51%DFC
Melting PointMp 306-308°DFC
Boiling PointNot Available
Experimental Water SolubilityNot Available
Experimental logPNot Available
Experimental pKaNot Available
Isoelectric pointNot Available
ChargeNot Available
Optical Rotation[a]12D +79.5 (CHCl3)DFC
Spectroscopic UV DataNot Available
DensityNot Available
Refractive IndexNot Available
Spectra
Spectra
EI-MS/GC-MS
TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
GC-MSOleanolic acid, 2 TMS, GC-MS Spectrumsplash10-0udi-2951000000-3ffcf6404c28c9072e6eSpectrum
GC-MSOleanolic acid, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrumsplash10-0udi-2951000000-3ffcf6404c28c9072e6eSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSOleanolic acid, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positivesplash10-002f-0014900000-844b76f23b4a02a75c20Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSOleanolic acid, 2 TMS, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positivesplash10-000i-1011190000-4d07cbb48cd57a724a3cSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSOleanolic acid, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
MS/MS
TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITTOF (LCMS-IT-TOF) , Negativesplash10-0a4i-0000900002-a0a4b7ccad94baf5df672012-08-31View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 50V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0000900000-bc55e4c6ed84a38ec6a82021-09-20View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0000900000-6a5c27def3e5639abbbc2021-09-20View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 30V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0000900000-62f98aa71d39d7185d672021-09-20View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0000900000-0492f069e415506430f02021-09-20View Spectrum
MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0000900000-09b6dab9027bd312a8162021-09-20View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-052r-0001900000-948551e80a675e8049452017-06-28View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-01vx-0116900000-a7bbd734cfb389f003ce2017-06-28View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-001l-3459300000-fe5b4ff0a697d946a2052017-06-28View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0000900000-24b5f92b17a675bd00422017-06-28View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-08fu-0003900000-df302b7b4b1f9bf77cc52017-06-28View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-000e-2007900000-2e9882aa899cbe3bd6da2017-06-28View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0000900000-0d11296813b631a2140f2021-09-22View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0000900000-a04074ef438068f127bb2021-09-22View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0001900000-ec650846439f5cbbb4c22021-09-22View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-0a4i-0000900000-a2106bcf05d5c3dc7def2021-09-25View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-052r-0694700000-aa642e480c6b2dafc5d52021-09-25View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-00ei-0940000000-67c9b141383d1a95ec292021-09-25View Spectrum
NMR
TypeDescriptionView
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, 100%_DMSO, experimental)Spectrum
2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, 100%_DMSO, experimental)Spectrum
ChemSpider ID10062
ChEMBL IDCHEMBL168
KEGG Compound IDC17148
Pubchem Compound ID10494
Pubchem Substance IDNot Available
ChEBI ID37659
Phenol-Explorer IDNot Available
DrugBank IDNot Available
HMDB IDHMDB02364
CRC / DFC (Dictionary of Food Compounds) IDKMF67-H:HNW57-L
EAFUS IDNot Available
Dr. Duke IDOLEANOLIC-ACID|BETA-OLEANOLIC-ACID
BIGG IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDC00019064
HET IDNot Available
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
Flavornet IDNot Available
GoodScent IDNot Available
SuperScent IDNot Available
Wikipedia IDOleanolic_acid
Phenol-Explorer Metabolite IDNot Available
Duplicate IDSNot Available
Old DFC IDSNot Available
Associated Foods
FoodContent Range AverageReference
FoodReference
Biological Effects and Interactions
Health Effects / Bioactivities
DescriptorIDDefinitionReference
Abortifacient50691 An agent that induces abortion, disrupting pregnancy by blocking progesterone or causing uterine contractions. Therapeutically, it's used to terminate early pregnancies, manage ectopic pregnancies, or treat miscarriages. Key medical uses include medical abortion, pregnancy termination, and menstrual regulation.DUKE
Anti-allergic50857 An agent that reduces or blocks allergic reactions, commonly used to manage symptoms of allergies, such as itching, sneezing, and inflammation, by inhibiting the release of histamine and other chemical mediators, providing relief in conditions like hay fever, asthma, and skin allergies.DUKE
Anti-arrhythmic38070 An agent that regulates heart rhythm, correcting irregular heartbeat patterns. Therapeutically, it restores normal cardiac function, commonly used to manage arrhythmias, prevent sudden cardiac death, and treat conditions like atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia.DUKE
Anti-atherosclerotic38070 An agent that prevents or slows the formation of atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by plaque buildup in arteries. It reduces inflammation, improves lipid profiles, and inhibits platelet aggregation, commonly used to manage cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary artery disease, and prevent heart attacks and strokes.DUKE
Anti bacterial33282 An agent that inhibits the growth of or destroys bacteria, playing a crucial role in preventing and treating infections. Therapeutically, it is used to combat bacterial infections, with key medical applications including treating pneumonia, tuberculosis, and skin infections, as well as preventing surgical site infections and sepsis.DUKE
Anti carcinomic35610 An agent that inhibits the growth and proliferation of cancer cells, playing a crucial role in cancer prevention and treatment. Therapeutically, it is used to manage and treat various types of cancer, reducing tumor size and slowing disease progression, with key medical uses in oncology and chemotherapy.DUKE
Anti cariogenic52217 An agent that prevents tooth decay, reducing bacterial acid production and plaque formation. Its biological role is to inhibit the growth of cariogenic bacteria, and its therapeutic applications include preventing dental caries and managing tooth decay. Key medical uses include toothpaste, mouthwashes, and dental varnishes to maintain oral health.DUKE
Anti complementA substance that neutralizes complement action by preventing its union with an antibody, regulating immune response. Its therapeutic applications include managing autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection, and inflammatory disorders, with key medical uses in treating conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and lupus.DUKE
Anti-edemicAn agent that relieves or prevents edema, reducing abnormal fluid accumulation in tissues or the circulatory system, commonly used to treat conditions such as swelling, inflammation, and water retention.DUKE
Anti-fertilityAn agent that inhibits reproduction, playing a biological role in population control. Therapeutically, it's used as a contraceptive, with key medical applications in family planning and birth control, preventing unwanted pregnancies and managing reproductive health.DUKE
Anti-gingivitic52217 An agent that reduces gingivitis symptoms, commonly used in managing plaque, inflammation, and gum disease, promoting oral health by preventing bacterial growth and infection.DUKE
Anti hepatotoxic62868 An agent that protects the liver from damage, reducing toxicity and promoting liver health. It plays a biological role in preventing liver injury and supporting liver function. Therapeutically, it is used to treat liver diseases, such as hepatitis and cirrhosis, and to counteract liver-damaging effects of certain medications and toxins.DUKE
Anti HIV22587 An agent that prevents the replication of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), used to treat and manage HIV infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), reducing viral load and slowing disease progression.DUKE
Anti hyperlipidemic52217 An agent that reduces lipid levels in the blood, playing a crucial role in preventing cardiovascular disease. Therapeutically, it is used to manage hyperlipidemia, lowering cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and is commonly used to prevent atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and strokes.DUKE
Anti-inflammatory35472 An agent that reduces inflammation, playing a biological role in suppressing immune responses and therapeutic applications in managing pain, swelling, and redness. Key medical uses include treating arthritis, allergies, and autoimmune disorders, as well as relieving symptoms of conditions such as asthma and dermatitis.DUKE
Anti-ischemic52217 An agent that reduces or prevents tissue damage from inadequate blood flow, commonly used to manage angina, heart attacks, and strokes by improving oxygen delivery and reducing cardiac workload.DUKE
Anti leukemic35610 An agent that targets and inhibits the growth of leukemia cells, playing a crucial role in cancer treatment. Therapeutically, it is used to induce remission, manage symptoms, and improve survival rates in patients with leukemia. Key medical uses include treating acute and chronic leukemia, lymphoma, and other hematological malignancies.DUKE
Anti leukotriene35222 An agent that blocks the action of leukotrienes, reducing inflammation and bronchoconstriction. Therapeutically, it is used to treat asthma, allergic rhinitis, and other respiratory disorders by inhibiting the biological role of leukotrienes in mediating inflammatory responses.DUKE
Anti-malarial33281 An agent that prevents or treats malaria, a disease caused by Plasmodium parasites. It works by targeting the parasite's life cycle, reducing symptoms and preventing transmission. Therapeutically, anti-malarials are used to treat and prevent malaria, as well as to manage related conditions such as babesiosis and toxoplasmosis.DUKE
Anti nephritic52217 An agent that reduces kidney inflammation, commonly used to manage nephritis and other kidney disorders, helping to prevent kidney damage and promote renal health.DUKE
Anti-oxidant22586 An agent that neutralizes free radicals, reducing oxidative stress and cell damage. Its biological role involves protecting cells from harm, and it has therapeutic applications in managing chronic diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders, with key medical uses including anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, and cardio protective effects.DUKE
Anti periodonticAn agent that prevents or treats periodontal disease, reducing inflammation and infection in the gums and supporting tissues of the teeth, commonly used in managing periodontitis, gingivitis, and promoting oral health.DUKE
Anti peroxidantAn agent that prevents oxygen atom and peroxide formation, reducing oxidative stress and cell damage. It plays a biological role in protecting cells from free radicals. Therapeutically, it's used to manage conditions like cancer, Alzheimer's, and atherosclerosis, with key medical applications in neuroprotection, cardiovascular health, and anti-aging.DUKE
Anti prostaglandin-E249023 An agent that inhibits prostaglandin E2, reducing inflammation and pain. Therapeutically, it's used to manage conditions like arthritis, dysmenorrhea, and colorectal cancer, by blocking PGE2's role in pain modulation, inflammation, and tumor growth.DUKE
Anti-plaqueAn agent that removes or prevents the formation of dental plaque, a biofilm of bacteria, to prevent tooth decay and gum disease, commonly used in oral care products and therapeutic applications for periodontal health.DUKE
Anti plasmodial33281 An agent that inhibits the growth of Plasmodium parasites, reducing malaria symptoms. Therapeutically, it's used to treat and prevent malaria, with key medical applications including prophylaxis and treatment of malaria infections.DUKE
Anti sarcomic35610 An agent that targets sarcomas, a type of cancer that arises from connective tissue. It plays a biological role in inhibiting tumor growth and proliferation. Therapeutically, it is used to manage soft tissue sarcomas, with key medical applications in oncology, particularly in treating rare and aggressive sarcoma subtypes.DUKE
Anti septic33281 An agent that prevents or reduces the growth of microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, or viruses, to promote wound healing and prevent infection. Therapeutically, anti septics are used to treat minor cuts, scrapes, and burns, and are commonly applied topically to reduce the risk of infection and promote tissue repair. Key medical uses include wound care, surgical site preparation, and skin infection management.DUKE
Anti TGF-beta35222 An agent that inhibits the activity of Transforming Growth Factor-beta, reducing fibrosis and inflammation. It has therapeutic applications in treating cancer, fibrotic diseases, and autoimmune disorders, with key medical uses including oncology and pulmonary fibrosis management.DUKE
Antitumor35610 An agent that inhibits tumor growth and proliferation, playing a crucial role in cancer treatment. Therapeutically, antitumors are used to manage various types of cancer, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, helping to reduce tumor size, prevent metastasis, and improve patient outcomes.DUKE
Anti ulcer49201 An agent that reduces stomach acid and protects the mucous lining, preventing ulcer formation. It is used to treat conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcers, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, promoting healing and relieving symptoms.DUKE
Anti-viral22587 An agent that inhibits the replication of viruses, playing a crucial role in preventing and treating viral infections. Therapeutically, anti-virals are used to manage diseases such as HIV, herpes, and influenza, reducing symptoms and slowing disease progression. Key medical uses include treating viral hepatitis, respiratory syncytial virus, and COVID-19.DUKE
Aromatase inhibitor50790 An agent that blocks the activity of aromatase, an enzyme converting androgens to estrogens, reducing estrogen levels. Therapeutically, it's used to treat hormone-sensitive breast cancer, endometriosis, and infertility, by decreasing estrogen-dependent growth and symptoms.DUKE
Beta-blockerAn agent that blocks the effects of epinephrine (adrenaline), lowering blood pressure and heart rate. Therapeutically, it reduces cardiovascular stress, commonly used to manage hypertension, angina, heart failure, and certain arrhythmias.DUKE
Beta-glucuronidase inhibitor23924 An agent that blocks the activity of beta-glucuronidase, an enzyme that breaks down glucuronides. It reduces the toxicity of certain drugs and is used to manage conditions like cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, and irinotecan-induced diarrhea, improving treatment outcomes and reducing side effects.DUKE
Cancer preventive35610 An agent that inhibits the development and progression of cancer, reducing tumor formation and growth. It plays a biological role in blocking carcinogenic pathways, and has therapeutic applications in chemoprevention. Key medical uses include reducing the risk of cancer in high-risk individuals and preventing cancer recurrence.DUKE
Cardioprotective38070 An agent that protects the heart from damage, reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. It plays a biological role in mitigating cardiac stress and injury, with therapeutic applications in preventing heart attacks, strokes, and arrhythmias, and key medical uses in treating hypertension, heart failure, and coronary artery disease.DUKE
Cardiotonic38070 An agent that strengthens heart muscle contractions, enhancing cardiac output. It plays a biological role in regulating heart function and is therapeutically used to treat heart failure, improving symptoms and exercise tolerance. Key medical uses include managing cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, and congestive heart failure.DUKE
Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor50629 An agent that blocks the activity of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), reducing inflammation and pain. Therapeutically, it is used to manage conditions such as arthritis, menstrual cramps, and other inflammatory disorders, providing relief from symptoms with reduced gastrointestinal side effects compared to non-selective NSAIDs.DUKE
Cyclooxygenase inhibitor35544 An agent that blocks the activity of cyclooxygenase enzymes, reducing inflammation and pain. Therapeutically, it is used to treat conditions such as arthritis, headaches, and menstrual cramps, by decreasing prostaglandin production, a key mediator of inflammation.DUKE
Diuretic35498 An agent that increases urine production, helping remove excess fluids and salts from the body. It plays a key biological role in regulating fluid balance and blood pressure. Therapeutically, diuretics are used to treat conditions such as hypertension, edema, and heart failure, helping reduce swelling and lower blood pressure.DUKE
Elastase inhibitor23924 An agent that blocks the activity of elastase, an enzyme that breaks down elastin, reducing tissue damage and inflammation. Therapeutically, it's used to manage conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis, and emphysema, protecting lung tissue and improving respiratory function.DUKE
Hepatoprotective62868 An agent that protects the liver from damage, promoting liver health and function. It plays a biological role in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, and has therapeutic applications in managing liver diseases, such as hepatitis and cirrhosis, and key medical uses in treating drug-induced liver injury and toxicities.DUKE
HypolipemicAn agent that lowers lipid levels, treating hyperlipidemias by reducing cholesterol and triglyceride levels, with therapeutic applications in managing cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, and stroke prevention.DUKE
HypotensiveAn agent that lowers blood pressure, playing a biological role in regulating cardiovascular function. Therapeutically, it's used to manage hypertension, heart failure, and angina, with key medical applications in preventing stroke, kidney disease, and cardiac complications.DUKE
Immunomodulator50846 An agent that regulates the immune system, modifying its response to maintain balance. Therapeutically, it's used to treat autoimmune diseases, prevent transplant rejection, and manage chronic inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis.DUKE
LeucocytogenicAn agent that stimulates the formation of leucocytes (white blood cells), playing a biological role in immune system regulation. Therapeutically, it is used to treat conditions associated with low white blood cell count, such as leukemia and infections, and to support recovery after chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation.DUKE
NF-kappa-B inhibitor35222 An agent that blocks the activity of NF-kappa-B, a protein complex involved in inflammation and immune responses, reducing inflammation and cell proliferation. Therapeutically, it is used to treat conditions such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, and inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and asthma.DUKE
PhagocytoticAn agent that engulfs and internalizes solid particles or cells through phagocytosis, playing a key role in immune defense. Therapeutically, it aids in removing pathogens and debris, with medical applications in treating infections and inflammatory disorders.DUKE
PiscicideA substance poisonous to fish, used to eliminate dominant or invasive fish species, and combat parasitic fish, allowing for population control and management of aquatic ecosystems.DUKE
Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor35222 An agent that blocks the production of prostaglandins, reducing inflammation and pain. Therapeutically, it's used to treat conditions like arthritis, menstrual cramps, and fever, commonly found in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).DUKE
Sedative35717 An agent that calms nervous activity, reducing anxiety and inducing relaxation. Its biological role is to slow down brain function, promoting sleep and relieving stress. Therapeutically, sedatives are used to manage insomnia, anxiety disorders, and seizures, as well as to prepare patients for medical procedures.DUKE
Utero tonic52217 An agent that stimulates and strengthens the uterine muscles, aiding in childbirth and reducing postpartum bleeding. Therapeutically, it is used to induce labor, manage uterine atony, and treat menstrual disorders, promoting overall reproductive health.DUKE
VasopressorAn agent that causes constriction of blood vessels, increasing blood pressure. It plays a biological role in regulating blood pressure and fluid balance. Therapeutically, vasopressors are used to treat hypotension, shock, and bleeding, and have key medical applications in surgery, trauma, and critical care.DUKE
EnzymesNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
MetabolismNot Available
BiosynthesisNot Available
Organoleptic Properties
FlavoursNot Available
Files
MSDSshow
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
General ReferenceNot Available
Content Reference— Duke, James. 'Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. United States Department of Agriculture.' Agricultural Research Service, Accessed April 27 (2004).
— Shinbo, Y., et al. 'KNApSAcK: a comprehensive species-metabolite relationship database.' Plant Metabolomics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. 165-181.