Record Information
Version1.0
Creation date2010-04-08 22:11:29 UTC
Update date2019-11-26 03:10:47 UTC
Primary IDFDB014812
Secondary Accession NumbersNot Available
Chemical Information
FooDB NameCapsidiol
DescriptionPhytoalexin of infected sweet pepper fruits (Capsicum annuum) Capsidiol is a bicyclic terpene that is biosynthetically derived from the mevalonate pathway via farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP). The E,E-farnesyl cation is first created by the loss of pyrophosphate. Kinetic studies have indicated that turnover appears to be limited by a chemical step after the initial loss of pyrophosphate. Crystal structures of recombinant tobacco 5-epi-aristolochene synthase (TEAS), alone and also complexed with two FPP analogues have been reported and analyzed to suggest the following mechanism of biosynthesis. The E,E-farnesyl cation undergoes cyclization to form the germacryl cation. The second ring closure gives the bicyclic eudesmyl cation, which is stabilized by various dipole interactions, then H-2 migrates to C-3 producing a tertiary cation at C-2 (farnesyl numbering). Production of 5-epi-aristolochene from FPP by 5-epi-aristolochene 3-hydroxylase, a sesquiterpene cyclase, is considered the critical step in capsidiol biosynthesis. Aristolochene synthase enzymes from Penicillium roqueforti, Nicotiana tabacum have been purified and their crystal structures have been reported suggesting different steriochemistries for aristolochene. Penicillium roqueforti's enzyme appears to synthesizes aristolochene by way of (S)-germacrene A , however, the Nicotiana tabacum enzyme 5-epi-aristolochene synthase produces the diastereoisomeric product by way of (R)-germacrene A.; Capsidiol is a phytoalexin, a natural fungicide present in pepper. (PMID: 10335386); Capsidiol shows bacteriostatic properties in vitro against Helicobacter pylori with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 200 microg/mL. (PMID: 17002415); Capsidiol is a bicyclic, dihydroxylated sesquiterpene produced by several solanaceous species in response to a variety of environmental stimuli. It is the primary antimicrobial compound produced by Nicotiana tabacum in response to fungal elicitation, and it is formed via the isoprenoid pathway from 5-epi-aristolochene. (PMID: 11556809); Capsidiol is a terpenoid compound that accumulates in tobacco Nicotiana tabacum and chili pepper Capsicum annuum in response to fungal infection. Capsidiol is categorized under the broad term of phytoalexin, a class of low molecular weight plant secondary metabolites that are produced during infection. Phytoalexins are also characterized as a part of a two pronged response to infection which involves a short term response consisting of production of free radicals near the site of infection and a long term response involving the production of hormones and an increase in enzymes to biosynthesize phyoalexins such as capsidiol. Capsidiol is found in many foods, some of which are orange bell pepper, red bell pepper, green vegetables, and pepper (c. annuum).
CAS Number37208-05-2
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
SynonymSource
(1R,3R,4S,4AR,6R)-6-isopropenyl-4,4a-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7-octahydronaphthalene-1,3-diolChEBI
1beta,3alpha,4betaH-eremophila-9,11-diene-1,3-diolbiospider
Capsidioldb_source
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.85 g/LALOGPS
logP2.7ALOGPS
logP1.91ChemAxon
logS-2.4ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)14.35ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-2.9ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area40.46 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count1ChemAxon
Refractivity70.52 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability27.98 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings2ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Chemical FormulaC15H24O2
IUPAC name4,4a-dimethyl-6-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7-octahydronaphthalene-1,3-diol
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C15H24O2/c1-9(2)11-5-6-12-14(17)7-13(16)10(3)15(12,4)8-11/h6,10-11,13-14,16-17H,1,5,7-8H2,2-4H3
InChI KeyBXXSHQYDJWZXPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Isomeric SMILESCC1C(O)CC(O)C2=CCC(CC12C)C(C)=C
Average Molecular Weight236.3499
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight236.177630012
Classification
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as eremophilane, 8,9-secoeremophilane and furoeremophilane sesquiterpenoids. These are sesquiterpenoids with a structure based either on the eremophilane skeleton, its 8,9-seco derivative, or the furoeremophilane skeleton. Eremophilanes have been shown to be derived from eudesmanes by migration of the methyl group at C-10 to C-5.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassPrenol lipids
Sub ClassSesquiterpenoids
Direct ParentEremophilane, 8,9-secoeremophilane and furoeremophilane sesquiterpenoids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Eremophilane sesquiterpenoid
  • Cyclic alcohol
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
OntologyNo ontology term
Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental
Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental
PropertyValueReference
Physical stateSolid
Physical DescriptionNot Available
Mass CompositionC 76.23%; H 10.23%; O 13.54%DFC
Melting PointMp 152-153°DFC
Boiling PointNot Available
Experimental Water SolubilityNot Available
Experimental logPNot Available
Experimental pKaNot Available
Isoelectric pointNot Available
ChargeNot Available
Optical Rotation[a]22D +21 (c, 2.1 in CHCl3)DFC
Spectroscopic UV DataNot Available
DensityNot Available
Refractive IndexNot Available
Spectra
Spectra
EI-MS/GC-MSNot Available
MS/MS
TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-014r-0190000000-4f408854a045f002ce8c2016-08-01View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0gbi-2690000000-f2e94dce44ae9b9ac2df2016-08-01View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0uxr-9710000000-4e4ebb2003b289f81d112016-08-01View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-000i-0090000000-e1fa0089980b18e8a4222016-08-03View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-00kr-0190000000-5cc78cd709d6e3a588152016-08-03View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0i09-2960000000-4d5021b41dbcabf76b872016-08-03View Spectrum
NMRNot Available
ChemSpider ID142224
ChEMBL IDNot Available
KEGG Compound IDC09627
Pubchem Compound ID161937
Pubchem Substance IDNot Available
ChEBI ID28283
Phenol-Explorer IDNot Available
DrugBank IDNot Available
HMDB IDHMDB02352
CRC / DFC (Dictionary of Food Compounds) IDJWH26-L:JWH27-M
EAFUS IDNot Available
Dr. Duke IDCAPSIDIOL
BIGG IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDC00003108
HET IDNot Available
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
Flavornet IDNot Available
GoodScent IDNot Available
SuperScent IDNot Available
Wikipedia IDCapsidiol
Phenol-Explorer Metabolite IDNot Available
Duplicate IDSNot Available
Old DFC IDSNot Available
Associated Foods
FoodContent Range AverageReference
FoodReference
Biological Effects and Interactions
Health Effects / Bioactivities
DescriptorIDDefinitionReference
fungicide24127 A substance used to destroy fungal pests.DUKE
pesticide25944 Strictly, a substance intended to kill pests. In common usage, any substance used for controlling, preventing, or destroying animal, microbiological or plant pests.DUKE
phytoalexin26115 A toxin made by a plant that acts against an organism attacking it.DUKE
EnzymesNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
MetabolismNot Available
BiosynthesisNot Available
Organoleptic Properties
FlavoursNot Available
Files
MSDSNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
General ReferenceNot Available
Content Reference— Duke, James. 'Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. United States Department of Agriculture.' Agricultural Research Service, Accessed April 27 (2004).
— Shinbo, Y., et al. 'KNApSAcK: a comprehensive species-metabolite relationship database.' Plant Metabolomics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. 165-181.