<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2010-04-08 22:13:01 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2025-11-19 01:53:18 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>FDB017307</accession>
  <name>Peonidin 3-galactoside</name>
  <description>Peonidin 3-galactoside is a member of the class of compounds known as anthocyanidin-3-o-glycosides. Anthocyanidin-3-o-glycosides are phenolic compounds containing one anthocyanidin moiety which is O-glycosidically linked to a carbohydrate moiety at the C3-position. Peonidin 3-galactoside is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Peonidin 3-galactoside can be found in a number of food items such as mango, red raspberry, rubus (blackberry, raspberry), and bilberry, which makes peonidin 3-galactoside a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. </description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>3,4',5,7-Tetrahydroxy-3'-methoxyflavylium(1+); 3-O-D-Galactopyranoside</synonym>
    <synonym>Peonidin 3-O-galactoside</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C22H23O11</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>463.4114</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>463.124036578</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-{[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-1lambda4-chromen-1-ylium</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-{[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-1lambda4-chromen-1-ylium</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>28148-89-2</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>[H][C@]1(CO)O[C@@]([H])(OC2=CC3=C(C=C(O)C=C3O)[O+]=C2C2=CC(OC)=C(O)C=C2)[C@]([H])(O)[C@@]([H])(O)[C@@]1([H])O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C22H22O11/c1-30-15-4-9(2-3-12(15)25)21-16(7-11-13(26)5-10(24)6-14(11)31-21)32-22-20(29)19(28)18(27)17(8-23)33-22/h2-7,17-20,22-23,27-29H,8H2,1H3,(H2-,24,25,26)/p+1/t17-,18+,19+,20-,22-/m1/s1</inchi>
  <inchikey>ZZWPMFROUHHAKY-VRRLNDPFSA-O</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as anthocyanidin-3-o-glycosides. These are phenolic compounds containing one anthocyanidin moiety which is O-glycosidically linked to a carbohydrate moiety at the C3-position.</description>
    <direct_parent>Anthocyanidin-3-O-glycosides</direct_parent>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Phenylpropanoids and polyketides</super_class>
    <class>Flavonoids</class>
    <sub_class>Flavonoid glycosides</sub_class>
    <molecular_framework>Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>1-benzopyrans</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>3'-O-methylated flavonoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>4'-hydroxyflavonoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>5-hydroxyflavonoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>7-hydroxyflavonoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Acetals</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Alkyl aryl ethers</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Anisoles</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Anthocyanidins</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Heteroaromatic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hexoses</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Methoxybenzenes</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Methoxyphenols</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>O-glycosyl compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic cations</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Oxacyclic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Oxanes</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Phenoxy compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Polyols</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Primary alcohols</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Secondary alcohols</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>1-benzopyran</substituent>
      <substituent>1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>3p-methoxyflavonoid-skeleton</substituent>
      <substituent>4'-hydroxyflavonoid</substituent>
      <substituent>5-hydroxyflavonoid</substituent>
      <substituent>7-hydroxyflavonoid</substituent>
      <substituent>Acetal</substituent>
      <substituent>Alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Alkyl aryl ether</substituent>
      <substituent>Anisole</substituent>
      <substituent>Anthocyanidin</substituent>
      <substituent>Anthocyanidin-3-o-glycoside</substituent>
      <substituent>Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>Benzopyran</substituent>
      <substituent>Ether</substituent>
      <substituent>Flavonoid-3-o-glycoside</substituent>
      <substituent>Glycosyl compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Heteroaromatic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Hexose monosaccharide</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydroxyflavonoid</substituent>
      <substituent>Methoxybenzene</substituent>
      <substituent>Methoxyphenol</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocyclic benzene moiety</substituent>
      <substituent>Monosaccharide</substituent>
      <substituent>O-glycosyl compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic cation</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organoheterocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Oxacycle</substituent>
      <substituent>Oxane</substituent>
      <substituent>Phenol</substituent>
      <substituent>Phenol ether</substituent>
      <substituent>Phenoxy compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Polyol</substituent>
      <substituent>Primary alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Secondary alcohol</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <external_descriptors>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <state/>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>1.18</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-3.08</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>4.18e-01 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <experimental_properties>
  </experimental_properties>
  <property>
    <kind>logp</kind>
    <value>0.42</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
    <value>6.4</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
    <value>-3</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>iupac</kind>
    <value>5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-{[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-1lambda4-chromen-1-ylium</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>average_mass</kind>
    <value>463.4114</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>mono_mass</kind>
    <value>463.124036578</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>smiles</kind>
    <value>[H][C@]1(CO)O[C@@]([H])(OC2=CC3=C(C=C(O)C=C3O)[O+]=C2C2=CC(OC)=C(O)C=C2)[C@]([H])(O)[C@@]([H])(O)[C@@]1([H])O</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formula</kind>
    <value>C22H23O11</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchi</kind>
    <value>InChI=1S/C22H22O11/c1-30-15-4-9(2-3-12(15)25)21-16(7-11-13(26)5-10(24)6-14(11)31-21)32-22-20(29)19(28)18(27)17(8-23)33-22/h2-7,17-20,22-23,27-29H,8H2,1H3,(H2-,24,25,26)/p+1/t17-,18+,19+,20-,22-/m1/s1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchikey</kind>
    <value>ZZWPMFROUHHAKY-VRRLNDPFSA-O</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
    <value>182.44</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>refractivity</kind>
    <value>120.74</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polarizability</kind>
    <value>45.08</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
    <value>5</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
    <value>11</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>donor_count</kind>
    <value>7</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formal_charge</kind>
    <value>1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>46221</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>46222</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>46223</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>130566</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>130567</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>130568</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <hmdb_id/>
  <pubchem_compound_id/>
  <chemspider_id/>
  <kegg_id/>
  <chebi_id/>
  <biocyc_id/>
  <het_id/>
  <wikipidia/>
  <vmh_id/>
  <fbonto_id/>
  <foodb_id/>
  <general_references>
  </general_references>
  <foods>
    <food>
      <name>American cranberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vaccinium macrocarpon</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>13750</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>16165.65</average_value>
      <max_value>16165.65</max_value>
      <min_value>16165.65</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Bilberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vaccinium myrtillus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>180763</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>5.1</average_value>
      <max_value>5.1</max_value>
      <min_value>5.1</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Black chokeberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Photinia melanocarpa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>661339</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Black crowberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Empetrum nigrum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>191066</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Blackcurrant</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Ribes nigrum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>78511</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Canada blueberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vaccinium myrtilloides</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>1503870</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Common grape</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vitis vinifera</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>29760</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Highbush blueberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vaccinium corymbosum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>69266</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.90592</average_value>
      <max_value>0.905919802</max_value>
      <min_value>0.905919802</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Lingonberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vaccinium vitis-idaea</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>180772</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Lowbush blueberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vaccinium angustifolium</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>472369</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>1.633594</average_value>
      <max_value>2.767688179</max_value>
      <min_value>0.499499977</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Mango</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Mangifera indica</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>29780</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Pear</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Pyrus communis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>23211</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rabbiteye blueberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vaccinium virgatum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Red raspberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Rubus idaeus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>32247</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rubus (Blackberry, Raspberry)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Rubus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>23216</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Sour cherry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Prunus cerasus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>140311</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Sparkleberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vaccinium arboreum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>229201</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Strawberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Fragaria X ananassa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3747</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Summer grape</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vitis aestivalis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3605</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Sweet cherry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Prunus avium</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>42229</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
  </foods>
  <flavors>
  </flavors>
  <enzymes>
  </enzymes>
  <health_effects>
  </health_effects>
</compound>
