<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2011-09-21 00:05:24 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2025-11-19 02:40:25 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>FDB021930</accession>
  <name>Uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine</name>
  <description>Uridine 5'-diphosphate-GlcNAc (UDP-Glc-NAc )respond to nutrient excess to activate O-GlcNAcylation (addition of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine) in the hexosamine signaling pathway (HSP). O-GlcNAc addition (and removal) is key to histone remodeling, transcription, proliferation, apoptosis, and proteasomal degradation. This nutrient-responsive signaling pathway also modulates important cellular pathways, including the insulin signaling cascade in. Alterations in O-GlcNAc metabolism are associated with various human diseases including diabetes mellitus and neurodegeneration. (PMID: 16317114) 
The incidence of type 2 diabetes (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) has increased to epidemic proportions, being described as a disease of 'chronic overnutrition'. Due to the chemical makeup of UDP-GlcNAc,it is well positioned to serve as a glucose sensor in that it is a high-energy compound that requires and/or responds to glucose, amino acid, fatty acid and nucleotide metabolism for synthesis. UDP-Glc-NAc is the donor substrate for modification of nucleocytoplasmic proteins at serine and threonine residues with N-acetylglucosamine. Elevated levels of O-GlcNAc have an effect on insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. (PMID: 12678487) [HMDB]</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-(acetylamino)-4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methyl dihydrogen diate (non-preferred name)</synonym>
    <synonym>(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-(acetylamino)-4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methyl dihydrogen diic acid (non-preferred name)</synonym>
    <synonym>[[3-acetylamino-4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-hydroxy-oryl]oxy-[[5-(2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxy-oxolan-2-yl]methoxy]inate</synonym>
    <synonym>[[3-acetylamino-4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-hydroxy-oryl]oxy-[[5-(2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxy-oxolan-2-yl]methoxy]inic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>[[3-acetylamino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-[[5-(2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxy-oxolan-2-yl]methoxy]phosphinate</synonym>
    <synonym>[[3-acetylamino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-[[5-(2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxy-oxolan-2-yl]methoxy]phosphinic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>N-[2-[[[5-[(2,4-dioxo-1H-Pyrimidin-1-yl)]-3,4-dihydroxy-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxy-inoyl]oxy-hydroxy-inoyl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3-yl]acetamide</synonym>
    <synonym>N-[2-[[[5-[(2,4-dioxo-1H-pyrimidin-1-yl)]-3,4-dihydroxy-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxy-phosphinoyl]oxy-hydroxy-phosphinoyl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3-yl]acetamide</synonym>
    <synonym>UDP-a-D-N-acetylglucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>UDP-acetyl-D-glucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>UDP-acetyl-delta-glucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>UDP-acetylglucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>UDP-alpha-D-N-acetylglucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>UDP-alpha-delta-N-acetylglucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>UDP-GlcNAc</synonym>
    <synonym>UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>UDP-N-acetyl-delta-glucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>UDP-N-acetylglucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>UPPAG</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine 5'-dio-N-acetlyglucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine 5'-dio-N-acetylglucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine 5'-Diphospho-N-Acetlyglucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine 5'-diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine diate N-acetyl-D-glucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine diate N-acetyl-delta-glucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine diate N-acetylglucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine dio-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine dio-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-delta-glucose</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine dio-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine dio-N-acetyl-delta-glucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine dio-N-acetylglucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine dioacetylglucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine diphosphate N-acetyl-D-glucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine diphosphate N-acetyl-delta-glucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine diphospho-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine diphospho-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-delta-glucose</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine diphospho-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine diphospho-N-acetyl-delta-glucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>uridine diphosphoacetylglucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine pyroate 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-a-D-glucopyranosyl ester</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine pyroate 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl ester</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine pyroate 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-delta-glucopyranosyl ester</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine pyrooacetylglucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine pyrophosphate 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-a-D-glucopyranosyl ester</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine pyrophosphate 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl ester</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine pyrophosphate 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-delta-glucopyranosyl ester</synonym>
    <synonym>Uridine pyrophosphoacetylglucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>URIDINE-diATE-N-acetylglucosamine</synonym>
    <synonym>URIDINE-diic acid-N-acetylglucosamine</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C17H27N3O17P2</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>607.3537</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>607.081569477</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>[({[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy]({[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy})phosphinic acid</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>udp-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>528-04-1</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>CC(=O)N[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1O)N1C=CC(=O)NC1=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C17H27N3O17P2/c1-6(22)18-10-13(26)11(24)7(4-21)35-16(10)36-39(31,32)37-38(29,30)33-5-8-12(25)14(27)15(34-8)20-3-2-9(23)19-17(20)28/h2-3,7-8,10-16,21,24-27H,4-5H2,1H3,(H,18,22)(H,29,30)(H,31,32)(H,19,23,28)/t7-,8-,10-,11-,12-,13-,14-,15-,16-/m1/s1</inchi>
  <inchikey>LFTYTUAZOPRMMI-CFRASDGPSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidine nucleotide sugars. These are pyrimidine nucleotides bound to a saccharide derivative through the terminal phosphate group.</description>
    <direct_parent>Pyrimidine nucleotide sugars</direct_parent>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Nucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues</super_class>
    <class>Pyrimidine nucleotides</class>
    <sub_class>Pyrimidine nucleotide sugars</sub_class>
    <molecular_framework>Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Acetamides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Azacyclic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carbonyl compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Glycosylamines</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Heteroaromatic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydropyrimidines</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Lactams</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monoalkyl phosphates</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monosaccharide phosphates</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>N-acyl-alpha-hexosamines</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic pyrophosphates</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organonitrogen compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organopnictogen compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Oxacyclic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Oxanes</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Pentose phosphates</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Primary alcohols</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Pyrimidine ribonucleoside diphosphates</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Pyrimidones</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Secondary alcohols</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Secondary carboxylic acid amides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Tetrahydrofurans</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Ureas</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Vinylogous amides</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Acetamide</substituent>
      <substituent>Alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Alkyl phosphate</substituent>
      <substituent>Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Azacycle</substituent>
      <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxamide group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Glycosyl compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Heteroaromatic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydropyrimidine</substituent>
      <substituent>Lactam</substituent>
      <substituent>Monoalkyl phosphate</substituent>
      <substituent>Monosaccharide</substituent>
      <substituent>Monosaccharide phosphate</substituent>
      <substituent>N-acyl-alpha-hexosamine</substituent>
      <substituent>N-glycosyl compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic nitrogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic phosphoric acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic pyrophosphate</substituent>
      <substituent>Organoheterocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organonitrogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organopnictogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Oxacycle</substituent>
      <substituent>Oxane</substituent>
      <substituent>Pentose phosphate</substituent>
      <substituent>Pentose-5-phosphate</substituent>
      <substituent>Phosphoric acid ester</substituent>
      <substituent>Primary alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Pyrimidine</substituent>
      <substituent>Pyrimidine nucleotide sugar</substituent>
      <substituent>Pyrimidine ribonucleoside diphosphate</substituent>
      <substituent>Pyrimidone</substituent>
      <substituent>Secondary alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Secondary carboxylic acid amide</substituent>
      <substituent>Tetrahydrofuran</substituent>
      <substituent>Urea</substituent>
      <substituent>Vinylogous amide</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>UDP-amino sugar</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <state>Solid</state>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>-1.41</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-1.72</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>1.14e+01 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <experimental_properties>
  </experimental_properties>
  <property>
    <kind>logp</kind>
    <value>-5.3</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
    <value>1.74</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
    <value>-3.5</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>iupac</kind>
    <value>[({[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy]({[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy})phosphinic acid</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>average_mass</kind>
    <value>607.3537</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>mono_mass</kind>
    <value>607.081569477</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>smiles</kind>
    <value>CC(=O)N[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1O)N1C=CC(=O)NC1=O</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formula</kind>
    <value>C17H27N3O17P2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchi</kind>
    <value>InChI=1S/C17H27N3O17P2/c1-6(22)18-10-13(26)11(24)7(4-21)35-16(10)36-39(31,32)37-38(29,30)33-5-8-12(25)14(27)15(34-8)20-3-2-9(23)19-17(20)28/h2-3,7-8,10-16,21,24-27H,4-5H2,1H3,(H,18,22)(H,29,30)(H,31,32)(H,19,23,28)/t7-,8-,10-,11-,12-,13-,14-,15-,16-/m1/s1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchikey</kind>
    <value>LFTYTUAZOPRMMI-CFRASDGPSA-N</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
    <value>300.41</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>refractivity</kind>
    <value>117.56</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polarizability</kind>
    <value>50.39</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
    <value>10</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
    <value>14</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>donor_count</kind>
    <value>9</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
    <value>-2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formal_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <name>Amino Sugar Metabolism</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP00045</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id>map00520</kegg_map_id>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1314</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143330</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143331</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143332</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143333</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143334</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143335</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143336</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143337</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143338</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143339</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143340</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143341</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143342</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143343</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143344</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143345</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143346</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143347</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143348</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143349</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6243</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6244</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>178665</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>178666</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>178667</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>180984</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>180985</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>180986</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>439118</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>439119</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2244737</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2245358</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2246880</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2247428</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2248852</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2249518</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2250855</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2251569</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2429329</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2429330</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2429331</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2505533</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2505534</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2505535</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrTwoD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1013</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrTwoD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1257</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>864</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>18397</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>30938</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>37405</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480484</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480485</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480486</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480487</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480488</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480489</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480490</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480491</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480492</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480493</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480494</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480495</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480496</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480497</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480498</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480499</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480500</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480501</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480502</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480503</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>480504</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <hmdb_id>HMDB00290</hmdb_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id/>
  <chemspider_id/>
  <kegg_id/>
  <chebi_id>16264</chebi_id>
  <biocyc_id/>
  <het_id>UD1</het_id>
  <wikipidia/>
  <vmh_id/>
  <fbonto_id/>
  <foodb_id/>
  <general_references>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x000055ce31a5df20&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x000055ce31a5dca0&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x000055ce31a5da20&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x000055ce31a5d7c8&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x000055ce31a5d5c0&gt;</reference>
  </general_references>
  <foods>
    <food>
      <name>Anatidae</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Anatidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8830</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Beefalo</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bos taurus X Bison bison</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>297284</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Bison</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bison bison</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9901</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Buffalo</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bubalus bubalis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>89462</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cattle (Beef, Veal)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bos taurus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9913</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Chicken</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Gallus gallus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9031</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Columbidae (Dove, Pigeon)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Columbidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8930</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Deer</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cervidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9850</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Domestic goat</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Capra aegagrus hircus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9925</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Domestic pig</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Sus scrofa domestica</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9825</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Elk</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cervus canadensis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>1574408</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Emu</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Dromaius novaehollandiae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8790</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>European rabbit</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Oryctolagus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9984</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Greylag goose</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Anser anser</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8843</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Guinea hen</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Numida meleagris</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8996</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Horse</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Equus caballus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9796</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Mallard duck</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Anas platyrhynchos</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8839</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Mountain hare</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Lepus timidus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>62621</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Mule deer</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Odocoileus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9871</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Ostrich</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Struthio camelus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8801</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Pheasant</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Phasianus colchicus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9054</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Quail</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Phasianidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9005</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rabbit</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Leporidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9979</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rock ptarmigan</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Lagopus muta</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>64668</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Sheep (Mutton, Lamb)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Ovis aries</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9940</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Squab</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Columba</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8931</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Turkey</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Meleagris gallopavo</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9103</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Velvet duck</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Melanitta fusca</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>371864</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Wild boar</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Sus scrofa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9823</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
  </foods>
  <flavors>
  </flavors>
  <enzymes>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Alpha-1,3-mannosyl-glycoprotein 4-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase A</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q9UM21</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>MGAT4A</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Alpha-1,3-mannosyl-glycoprotein 4-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase B</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q9UQ53</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>MGAT4B</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Alpha-1,6-mannosyl-glycoprotein 2-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q10469</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>MGAT2</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein 6-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase A</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q09328</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>MGAT5</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase bGnT-2</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q9NY97</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>bGnT-2</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Beta-1,4-mannosyl-glycoprotein 4-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q09327</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>MGAT3</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Bifunctional UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q9Y223</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>GNE</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Exostosin-1</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q16394</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>EXT1</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Exostosin-2</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q93063</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>EXT2</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Exostosin-like 1</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q92935</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>EXTL1</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Exostosin-like 2</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q9UBQ6</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>EXTL2</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Exostosin-like 3</name>
      <uniprot_id>O43909</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>EXTL3</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Lactosylceramide 1,3-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyltransferase</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q9BYG0</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>B3GNT5</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase subunits alpha/beta</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q3T906</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>GNPTAB</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>N-acetyllactosaminide beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase</name>
      <uniprot_id>O43505</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>B3GNT1</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>N-acetyllactosaminide beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyl-transferase, isoform B</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q06430</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>GCNT2</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit A</name>
      <uniprot_id>P37287</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>PIGA</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit C</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q92535</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>PIGC</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit H</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q14442</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>PIGH</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit P</name>
      <uniprot_id>P57054</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>PIGP</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit Q</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q9BRB3</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>PIGQ</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transferase subunit ALG13 homolog</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q9NP73</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>ALG13</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transporter</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q9Y2D2</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>SLC35A3</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>UDP-N-acetylglucosamine--dolichyl-phosphate N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q9H3H5</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>DPAGT1</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>UDP-N-acetylglucosamine--peptide N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 110 kDa subunit</name>
      <uniprot_id>O15294</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>OGT</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>UDP-N-acetylhexosamine pyrophosphorylase</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q16222</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>UAP1</gene_name>
    </enzyme>
  </enzymes>
  <health_effects>
  </health_effects>
</compound>
