1.0 2011-09-21 00:08:15 UTC 2025-11-19 02:40:47 UTC FDB022083 Ribitol D-Arabitol or D-arabinitol, also known as klinit or lyxitol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sugar alcohols, a type of polyols. These are hydrogenated forms of carbohydrates in which the carbonyl group (aldehyde or ketone, reducing sugar) has been reduced to a primary or secondary hydroxyl group. A polyol is an organic compound containing many hydroxyls. D-Arabitol is neutral compound. Polyols, classified by the number of carbon atoms and include the sugar alcohols, are linked to the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). The PPP generates, NADPH and pentoses (5-carbon sugars) as well as ribose 5-phosphate, a precursor for the synthesis of nucleotides. While the pentose phosphate pathway oxidizes glucose, its primary role is anabolic rather than catabolic. Polyols, including D-arabitol, accumulates in body fluids in individuals with two defects in PPP, involving the enzymes ribose-5-phosphate isomerase (RPI) and transaldolase (PMID: 18987987). A patient with leukoencephalopathy and peripheral neuropathy, with a strong brain-CSF-plasma gradient of C5 polyols such as D-arabitol, was identified as suffering from RPI deficiency. Another patient displaying mainly liver problems and increased concentrations of polyols, mainly D-arabitol, was diagnosed with transaldolase deficiency. However, the mechanism of pathophysiology of polyols in patients with defects in the PPP is poorly understood. It is thought that D-arabitol is a metabolic end-product in humans. The mechanisms of brain and neuronal damage in RPI deficiency may result from polyol accumulation, causing secondary brain dysfunction (PMID: 16435225). D-Arabitol is a product of the enzyme D-arabinitol 4-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.11) in the pentose and glucuronate interconversion pathway. D-Arabitol accumulated in a Penicillium rubens strain deleted of four highly expressed biosynthetic gene clusters that produce penicillin, roquefortine, chrysogine and fungisporin. The transcriptome of the P. rubens strain had changed when the gene cluster was removed, resulting in increased expression of D-arabinitol 4-dehydrogenase (PMID: 32376967). D-Arabitol, a fungal metabolite, is used as a marker for invasive candidiasis or infection by Candida fungal species (PMID: 15183861; PMID: 10647119). It is also a metabolite of Debaryomyces, Pichia and Zygosaccharomyces (PMID: 25809659). 1,2,3,4,5-pentanepentol Adonit Adonite Adonitol D-Adonitol D-Ribitol L-Ribitol pentitol Ribitol C5H12O5 152.1458 152.068473494 (2R,3s,4S)-pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol ribitol 488-81-3 OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO InChI=1S/C5H12O5/c6-1-3(8)5(10)4(9)2-7/h3-10H,1-2H2/t3-,4+,5- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-ZXFHETKHSA-N belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sugar alcohols. These are hydrogenated forms of carbohydrate in which the carbonyl group (aldehyde or ketone, reducing sugar) has been reduced to a primary or secondary hydroxyl group. Sugar alcohols Organic compounds Organic oxygen compounds Organooxygen compounds Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates Aliphatic acyclic compounds Hydrocarbon derivatives Monosaccharides Polyols Primary alcohols Secondary alcohols Alcohol Aliphatic acyclic compound Hydrocarbon derivative Monosaccharide Polyol Primary alcohol Secondary alcohol Sugar alcohol ribitol Solid logp -2.53 ALOGPS logs 0.64 ALOGPS solubility 6.64e+02 g/l ALOGPS logp -3.1 ChemAxon pka_strongest_acidic 12.76 ChemAxon pka_strongest_basic -3 ChemAxon iupac (2R,3s,4S)-pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol ChemAxon average_mass 152.1458 ChemAxon mono_mass 152.068473494 ChemAxon smiles OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO ChemAxon formula C5H12O5 ChemAxon inchi InChI=1S/C5H12O5/c6-1-3(8)5(10)4(9)2-7/h3-10H,1-2H2/t3-,4+,5- ChemAxon inchikey HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-ZXFHETKHSA-N ChemAxon polar_surface_area 101.15 ChemAxon refractivity 32.44 ChemAxon polarizability 14.38 ChemAxon rotatable_bond_count 4 ChemAxon acceptor_count 5 ChemAxon donor_count 5 ChemAxon physiological_charge 0 ChemAxon formal_charge 0 ChemAxon Specdb::NmrTwoD 1343 Specdb::MsIr 575 Specdb::MsIr 576 Specdb::MsIr 577 Specdb::NmrOneD 1399 Specdb::NmrOneD 6962 Specdb::NmrOneD 6963 Specdb::NmrOneD 6964 Specdb::NmrOneD 6965 Specdb::NmrOneD 6966 Specdb::NmrOneD 6967 Specdb::NmrOneD 6968 Specdb::NmrOneD 6969 Specdb::NmrOneD 6970 Specdb::NmrOneD 6971 Specdb::NmrOneD 6972 Specdb::NmrOneD 6973 Specdb::NmrOneD 6974 Specdb::NmrOneD 6975 Specdb::NmrOneD 6976 Specdb::NmrOneD 6977 Specdb::NmrOneD 6978 Specdb::NmrOneD 6979 Specdb::NmrOneD 6980 Specdb::NmrOneD 6981 Specdb::NmrOneD 166665 Specdb::NmrOneD 166666 Specdb::CMs 565 Specdb::CMs 566 Specdb::CMs 567 Specdb::CMs 568 Specdb::CMs 1386 Specdb::CMs 20015 Specdb::CMs 30399 Specdb::CMs 30683 Specdb::CMs 30851 Specdb::CMs 30852 Specdb::CMs 31156 Specdb::CMs 37580 Specdb::CMs 132434 Specdb::CMs 140168 Specdb::CMs 1064435 Specdb::CMs 1064437 Specdb::CMs 1064439 Specdb::CMs 1064441 Specdb::CMs 1064442 Specdb::CMs 1064444 Specdb::CMs 1064446 Specdb::CMs 1064448 Specdb::CMs 1064449 Specdb::CMs 1064451 Specdb::CMs 1064453 Specdb::MsMs 725 Specdb::MsMs 726 Specdb::MsMs 727 Specdb::MsMs 4125 Specdb::MsMs 4126 Specdb::MsMs 4127 Specdb::MsMs 4128 Specdb::MsMs 4129 Specdb::MsMs 4130 Specdb::MsMs 4131 Specdb::MsMs 4132 Specdb::MsMs 310573 Specdb::MsMs 310574 Specdb::MsMs 310575 Specdb::MsMs 355330 Specdb::MsMs 355331 Specdb::MsMs 355332 Specdb::MsMs 447670 Specdb::MsMs 447671 Specdb::MsMs 447672 Specdb::MsMs 447780 Specdb::MsMs 447781 Specdb::MsMs 447782 Specdb::MsMs 2261011 Specdb::MsMs 2261012 HMDB00508 15963 RB0 #<Reference:0x000055ce31c4c660> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c4c390> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c4c138> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c4bee0> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c4bd28> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c4bb20> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c4b918> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c4b738> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c4b558> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c4b350> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c4b170> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c4af40> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c4ad88> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c4aba8> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c4a9a0> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c4a7c0> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c4a5b8> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c4a388> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c4a1a8> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c49fa0> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c49d70> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c49b90> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c499b0> #<Reference:0x000055ce31c49780> Anatidae Type 1 specific Anatidae 8830 Beefalo Type 1 specific Bos taurus X Bison bison 297284 Bison Type 1 specific Bison bison 9901 Buffalo Type 1 specific Bubalus bubalis 89462 Cattle (Beef, Veal) Type 1 specific Bos taurus 9913 Chicken Type 1 specific Gallus gallus 9031 Columbidae (Dove, Pigeon) Type 1 specific Columbidae 8930 Deer Type 1 specific Cervidae 9850 Domestic goat Type 1 specific Capra aegagrus hircus 9925 Domestic pig Type 1 specific Sus scrofa domestica 9825 Elk Type 1 specific Cervus canadensis 1574408 Emu Type 1 specific Dromaius novaehollandiae 8790 European rabbit Type 1 specific Oryctolagus 9984 Greylag goose Type 1 specific Anser anser 8843 Guinea hen Type 1 specific Numida meleagris 8996 Horse Type 1 specific Equus caballus 9796 Mallard duck Type 1 specific Anas platyrhynchos 8839 Mountain hare Type 1 specific Lepus timidus 62621 Mule deer Type 1 specific Odocoileus 9871 Ostrich Type 1 specific Struthio camelus 8801 Pheasant Type 1 specific Phasianus colchicus 9054 Quail Type 1 specific Phasianidae 9005 Rabbit Type 1 specific Leporidae 9979 Rock ptarmigan Type 1 specific Lagopus muta 64668 Sheep (Mutton, Lamb) Type 1 specific Ovis aries 9940 Squab Type 1 specific Columba 8931 Turkey Type 1 specific Meleagris gallopavo 9103 Velvet duck Type 1 specific Melanitta fusca 371864 Wild boar Type 1 specific Sus scrofa 9823