1.0 2011-09-21 00:13:10 UTC 2018-05-28 18:32:43 UTC FDB022383 Angiotensin II Angiotensin II is a hormone that may act on the central nervous system to regulate renal sympathetic nerve activity, renal function, and, therefore, blood pressure. Angiotensin II is produced locally within the kidney and mediates tissue injury through a series of nonhemodynamic effects. angiotensin II is not only involved in the regulation of blood pressure, water and sodium homeostasis, and control of other neurohumoral systems, but also leads to excessive production of reactive oxygen species and to hypertrophy, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of vascular cells. Angiotensin II is one of the main factors involved in hypertension-induced tissue damage. This peptide regulates the inflammatory process. Angiotensin II activates circulating cells, and participates in their adhesion to the activated endothelium and subsequent transmigration through the synthesis of adhesion molecules, chemokines and cytokines. Among the intracellular signals involved in angiotensin II-induced inflammation, the production of reactive oxygen species and the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB are the best known. Classical, well-defined actions of Angiotensin II in the brain include the regulation of hormone formation and release, the control of the central and peripheral sympathoadrenal systems, and the regulation of water and sodium intake. As a consequence of changes in the hormone, sympathetic and electrolyte systems, feedback mechanisms in turn modulate the activity of the brain Angiotensin II systems. There are two Angiotensin II systems in the brain. The discovery of brain Angiotensin II receptors located in neurons inside the blood brain barrier confirmed the existence of an endogenous brain Angiotensin II system, responding to Angiotensin II generated in and/or transported into the brain. In addition, Angiotensin II receptors in circumventricular organs and in cerebrovascular endothelial cells respond to circulating Angiotensin II of peripheral origin. Thus, the brain responds to both circulating and tissue Angiotensin II, and the two systems are integrated. (PMID: 17147923, 16672146, 16601568, 16481883, 16075377) [HMDB] 1-8-Angiotensin I 1-L-Aspasaginyl-5-L-valyl angiotensin octapeptide 5-Isoleucine-angiotensin II 5-L-Isoleucineangiotensin II Ang II Angiotensin Angiotensin 2 Angiotensin II (human) Angiotensin II (mouse) Angiotonin Asp-arg-val-TYR-ile-his-pro-phe Human angiotensin II Hypertensin Ile(5)-angiotensin II Isoleucine(5)-angiotensin II N-(1-(N-(N-(N-(N-(N(2)-L-a-Aspartyl-L-arginyl)-L-valyl)-L-tyrosyl)-L-isoleucyl)-L-histidyl)-L-prolyl)-L-phenylalanine N-(1-(N-(N-(N-(N-(N(2)-L-alpha-Aspartyl-L-arginyl)-L-valyl)-L-tyrosyl)-L-isoleucyl)-L-histidyl)-L-prolyl)-L-phenylalanine N-(1-(N-(N-(N-(N-(N(2)-L-α-aspartyl-L-arginyl)-L-valyl)-L-tyrosyl)-L-isoleucyl)-L-histidyl)-L-prolyl)-L-phenylalanine C50H71N13O12 1046.1786 1045.534514801 (3S)-3-amino-3-{[(1S)-1-{[(1S)-1-{[(1S)-1-{[(1S,2S)-1-{[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-{[(1S)-1-carboxy-2-phenylethyl]carbamoyl}pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]carbamoyl}-2-methylbutyl]carbamoyl}-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]carbamoyl}-2-methylpropyl]carbamoyl}-4-[(diaminomethylidene)amino]butyl]carbamoyl}propanoic acid (3S)-3-amino-3-{[(1S)-1-{[(1S)-1-{[(1S)-1-{[(1S,2S)-1-{[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-{[(1S)-1-carboxy-2-phenylethyl]carbamoyl}pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-(3H-imidazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]carbamoyl}-2-methylbutyl]carbamoyl}-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]carbamoyl}-2-methylpropyl]carbamoyl}-4-[(diaminomethylidene)amino]butyl]carbamoyl}propanoic acid 11128-99-7 CC[C@H](C)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O)C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CN=CN1)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O InChI=1S/C50H71N13O12/c1-5-28(4)41(47(72)59-36(23-31-25-54-26-56-31)48(73)63-20-10-14-38(63)45(70)60-37(49(74)75)22-29-11-7-6-8-12-29)62-44(69)35(21-30-15-17-32(64)18-16-30)58-46(71)40(27(2)3)61-43(68)34(13-9-19-55-50(52)53)57-42(67)33(51)24-39(65)66/h6-8,11-12,15-18,25-28,33-38,40-41,64H,5,9-10,13-14,19-24,51H2,1-4H3,(H,54,56)(H,57,67)(H,58,71)(H,59,72)(H,60,70)(H,61,68)(H,62,69)(H,65,66)(H,74,75)(H4,52,53,55)/t28-,33-,34-,35-,36-,37-,38-,40-,41-/m0/s1 CZGUSIXMZVURDU-JZXHSEFVSA-N belongs to the class of organic compounds known as oligopeptides. These are organic compounds containing a sequence of between three and ten alpha-amino acids joined by peptide bonds. Oligopeptides Organic compounds Organic acids and derivatives Carboxylic acids and derivatives Amino acids, peptides, and analogues Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids Alpha amino acid amides Amino acids Amphetamines and derivatives Aspartic acid and derivatives Azacyclic compounds Carbonyl compounds Carboximidamides Carboxylic acids Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives Guanidines Heteroaromatic compounds Histidine and derivatives Hydrocarbon derivatives Imidazolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives Isoleucine and derivatives Monoalkylamines N-acyl amines N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acids N-acylpyrrolidines Organic oxides Organopnictogen compounds Phenylalanine and derivatives Phenylpropanoic acids Proline and derivatives Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compounds Pyrrolidinecarboxamides Secondary carboxylic acid amides Tertiary carboxylic acid amides Tyrosine and derivatives Valine and derivatives 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid 3-phenylpropanoic-acid Alpha-amino acid amide Alpha-amino acid or derivatives Alpha-oligopeptide Amine Amino acid Amino acid or derivatives Amphetamine or derivatives Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound Aspartic acid or derivatives Azacycle Azole Benzenoid Carbonyl group Carboxamide group Carboximidamide Carboxylic acid Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives Fatty acyl Fatty amide Guanidine Heteroaromatic compound Histidine or derivatives Hydrocarbon derivative Imidazole Imidazolyl carboxylic acid derivative Isoleucine or derivatives Monocyclic benzene moiety N-acyl-alpha amino acid or derivatives N-acyl-alpha-amino acid N-acyl-amine N-acyl-l-alpha-amino acid N-acylpyrrolidine N-substituted-alpha-amino acid Organic 1,3-dipolar compound Organic nitrogen compound Organic oxide Organic oxygen compound Organoheterocyclic compound Organonitrogen compound Organooxygen compound Organopnictogen compound Phenol Phenylalanine or derivatives Primary aliphatic amine Primary amine Proline or derivatives Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound Pyrrolidine Pyrrolidine carboxylic acid or derivatives Pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide Secondary carboxylic acid amide Tertiary carboxylic acid amide Tyrosine or derivatives Valine or derivatives Angiotensin [KO:K09821] angiotensin II Solid logp -0.87 ALOGPS logs -4.83 ALOGPS solubility 1.56e-02 g/l ALOGPS logp -5.3 ChemAxon pka_strongest_acidic 3.15 ChemAxon pka_strongest_basic 10.83 ChemAxon iupac (3S)-3-amino-3-{[(1S)-1-{[(1S)-1-{[(1S)-1-{[(1S,2S)-1-{[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-{[(1S)-1-carboxy-2-phenylethyl]carbamoyl}pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]carbamoyl}-2-methylbutyl]carbamoyl}-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]carbamoyl}-2-methylpropyl]carbamoyl}-4-[(diaminomethylidene)amino]butyl]carbamoyl}propanoic acid ChemAxon average_mass 1046.1786 ChemAxon mono_mass 1045.534514801 ChemAxon smiles CC[C@H](C)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O)C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CN=CN1)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O ChemAxon formula C50H71N13O12 ChemAxon inchi InChI=1S/C50H71N13O12/c1-5-28(4)41(47(72)59-36(23-31-25-54-26-56-31)48(73)63-20-10-14-38(63)45(70)60-37(49(74)75)22-29-11-7-6-8-12-29)62-44(69)35(21-30-15-17-32(64)18-16-30)58-46(71)40(27(2)3)61-43(68)34(13-9-19-55-50(52)53)57-42(67)33(51)24-39(65)66/h6-8,11-12,15-18,25-28,33-38,40-41,64H,5,9-10,13-14,19-24,51H2,1-4H3,(H,54,56)(H,57,67)(H,58,71)(H,59,72)(H,60,70)(H,61,68)(H,62,69)(H,65,66)(H,74,75)(H4,52,53,55)/t28-,33-,34-,35-,36-,37-,38-,40-,41-/m0/s1 ChemAxon inchikey CZGUSIXMZVURDU-JZXHSEFVSA-N ChemAxon polar_surface_area 408.84 ChemAxon refractivity 269.81 ChemAxon polarizability 107.02 ChemAxon rotatable_bond_count 29 ChemAxon acceptor_count 17 ChemAxon donor_count 13 ChemAxon physiological_charge 1 ChemAxon formal_charge 0 ChemAxon Specdb::NmrOneD 146150 Specdb::NmrOneD 146151 Specdb::NmrOneD 146152 Specdb::NmrOneD 146153 Specdb::NmrOneD 146154 Specdb::NmrOneD 146155 Specdb::NmrOneD 146156 Specdb::NmrOneD 146157 Specdb::NmrOneD 146158 Specdb::NmrOneD 146159 Specdb::NmrOneD 146160 Specdb::NmrOneD 146161 Specdb::NmrOneD 146162 Specdb::NmrOneD 146163 Specdb::NmrOneD 146164 Specdb::NmrOneD 146165 Specdb::NmrOneD 146166 Specdb::NmrOneD 146167 Specdb::NmrOneD 146168 Specdb::NmrOneD 146169 Specdb::MsMs 106899 Specdb::MsMs 106900 Specdb::MsMs 106901 Specdb::MsMs 173748 Specdb::MsMs 173749 Specdb::MsMs 173750 Specdb::MsMs 2352184 Specdb::MsMs 2352185 Specdb::MsMs 2352186 Specdb::MsMs 2583128 Specdb::MsMs 2583129 Specdb::MsMs 2583130 HMDB01035 #<Reference:0x000055ce30463490> #<Reference:0x000055ce304631e8> #<Reference:0x000055ce30462f18> #<Reference:0x000055ce30462c48> #<Reference:0x000055ce304629f0> Anatidae Type 1 specific Anatidae 8830 Beefalo Type 1 specific Bos taurus X Bison bison 297284 Bison Type 1 specific Bison bison 9901 Buffalo Type 1 specific Bubalus bubalis 89462 Cattle (Beef, Veal) Type 1 specific Bos taurus 9913 Chicken Type 1 specific Gallus gallus 9031 Columbidae (Dove, Pigeon) Type 1 specific Columbidae 8930 Deer Type 1 specific Cervidae 9850 Domestic goat Type 1 specific Capra aegagrus hircus 9925 Domestic pig Type 1 specific Sus scrofa domestica 9825 Elk Type 1 specific Cervus canadensis 1574408 Emu Type 1 specific Dromaius novaehollandiae 8790 European rabbit Type 1 specific Oryctolagus 9984 Greylag goose Type 1 specific Anser anser 8843 Guinea hen Type 1 specific Numida meleagris 8996 Horse Type 1 specific Equus caballus 9796 Mallard duck Type 1 specific Anas platyrhynchos 8839 Mountain hare Type 1 specific Lepus timidus 62621 Mule deer Type 1 specific Odocoileus 9871 Ostrich Type 1 specific Struthio camelus 8801 Pheasant Type 1 specific Phasianus colchicus 9054 Quail Type 1 specific Phasianidae 9005 Rabbit Type 1 specific Leporidae 9979 Rock ptarmigan Type 1 specific Lagopus muta 64668 Sheep (Mutton, Lamb) Type 1 specific Ovis aries 9940 Squab Type 1 specific Columba 8931 Turkey Type 1 specific Meleagris gallopavo 9103 Velvet duck Type 1 specific Melanitta fusca 371864 Wild boar Type 1 specific Sus scrofa 9823 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating P52209 PGD Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase P49247 RPIA