<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2011-09-21 00:21:44 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2015-07-21 06:57:25 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>FDB022921</accession>
  <name>1-Pyrroline-4-hydroxy-2-carboxylate</name>
  <description>Much or all of the pyrrole-2-carboxylate (PCA) in human urine may be formed in urine from a labile precursor, presumably  delta(1)-pyrroline-4-hydroxy-2-carboxylate.
Normal human values for endogenous urinary PCA in 16 individuals averaged 0.51 mumol/day, with a range of 0.20-1.3 mumol and a SD of 0.31 mumol. The probable source of human PCA is free hydroxy-L-proline, as inferred from the high value for PCA in the urine of a subject with hereditary hydroxyprolinemia, and from the threeto eightfold elevation in PCA excretion by two normal subjects after a large oral load of hydroxyl-L-proline. (PMID: 4430715) [HMDB]</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>1-Pyrroline-4-hydroxy-2-carboxylic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>4-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-2-carboxylate</synonym>
    <synonym>4-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-2-carboxylic acid</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C5H7NO3</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>129.114</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>129.042593095</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>3-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-5-carboxylic acid</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>4-hydroxy-4,5-dihydro-3H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>9054-77-7</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>OC1CN=C(C1)C(O)=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C5H7NO3/c7-3-1-4(5(8)9)6-2-3/h3,7H,1-2H2,(H,8,9)</inchi>
  <inchikey>AOMLMYXPXUTBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrrolines. Pyrrolines are compounds containing a pyrroline ring, which is a five-member unsaturated aliphatic ring with one nitrogen atom and four carbon atoms.</description>
    <direct_parent>Pyrrolines</direct_parent>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Organoheterocyclic compounds</super_class>
    <class>Pyrrolines</class>
    <sub_class/>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Azacyclic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carbonyl compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carboxylic acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Ketimines</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organopnictogen compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Secondary alcohols</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Azacycle</substituent>
      <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Imine</substituent>
      <substituent>Ketimine</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic 1,3-dipolar compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic nitrogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organonitrogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organopnictogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Pyrroline</substituent>
      <substituent>Secondary alcohol</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>1-pyrrolinecarboxylic acid</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <state>Solid</state>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>-0.87</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-0.85</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>1.83e+01 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <experimental_properties>
  </experimental_properties>
  <property>
    <kind>logp</kind>
    <value>-0.39</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
    <value>3.66</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
    <value>0.53</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>iupac</kind>
    <value>3-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-5-carboxylic acid</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>average_mass</kind>
    <value>129.114</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>mono_mass</kind>
    <value>129.042593095</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>smiles</kind>
    <value>OC1CN=C(C1)C(O)=O</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formula</kind>
    <value>C5H7NO3</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchi</kind>
    <value>InChI=1S/C5H7NO3/c7-3-1-4(5(8)9)6-2-3/h3,7H,1-2H2,(H,8,9)</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchikey</kind>
    <value>AOMLMYXPXUTBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
    <value>69.89</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>refractivity</kind>
    <value>29.05</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polarizability</kind>
    <value>11.76</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
    <value>1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
    <value>4</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>donor_count</kind>
    <value>2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
    <value>-1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formal_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <name>Arginine and Proline Metabolism</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP00020</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id>map00330</kegg_map_id>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>22242</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>38334</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>148999</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>1698</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>1699</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>1700</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>149240</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>149241</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>149242</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>149243</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>149244</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>149245</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>149246</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>149247</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>149248</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>149249</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>149250</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>149251</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>149252</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>149253</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>149254</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>149255</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>149256</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>149257</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>149258</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>149259</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>315388</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>315389</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>315390</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>361354</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>361355</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>361356</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2316851</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2316852</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2316853</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2622182</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2622183</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2622184</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <hmdb_id>HMDB02234</hmdb_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id/>
  <chemspider_id/>
  <kegg_id/>
  <chebi_id>16352</chebi_id>
  <biocyc_id/>
  <het_id/>
  <wikipidia/>
  <vmh_id/>
  <fbonto_id/>
  <foodb_id/>
  <general_references>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x000055ce31be2a30&gt;</reference>
  </general_references>
  <foods>
    <food>
      <name>Anatidae</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Anatidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8830</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Beefalo</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bos taurus X Bison bison</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>297284</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Bison</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bison bison</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9901</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Buffalo</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bubalus bubalis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>89462</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cattle (Beef, Veal)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bos taurus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9913</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Chicken</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Gallus gallus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9031</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Columbidae (Dove, Pigeon)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Columbidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8930</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Deer</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cervidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9850</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Domestic goat</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Capra aegagrus hircus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9925</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Domestic pig</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Sus scrofa domestica</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9825</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Elk</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cervus canadensis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>1574408</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Emu</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Dromaius novaehollandiae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8790</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>European rabbit</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Oryctolagus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9984</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Greylag goose</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Anser anser</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8843</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Guinea hen</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Numida meleagris</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8996</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Horse</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Equus caballus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9796</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Mallard duck</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Anas platyrhynchos</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8839</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Mountain hare</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Lepus timidus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>62621</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Mule deer</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Odocoileus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9871</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Ostrich</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Struthio camelus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8801</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Pheasant</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Phasianus colchicus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9054</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Quail</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Phasianidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9005</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rabbit</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Leporidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9979</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rock ptarmigan</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Lagopus muta</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>64668</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Sheep (Mutton, Lamb)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Ovis aries</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9940</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Squab</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Columba</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8931</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Turkey</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Meleagris gallopavo</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9103</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Velvet duck</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Melanitta fusca</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>371864</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Wild boar</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Sus scrofa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9823</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
  </foods>
  <flavors>
  </flavors>
  <enzymes>
  </enzymes>
  <health_effects>
  </health_effects>
</compound>
