Record Information |
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Version | 1.0 |
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Creation date | 2015-05-07 20:58:38 UTC |
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Update date | 2019-11-26 03:22:08 UTC |
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Primary ID | FDB031084 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Chemical Information |
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FooDB Name | palmitate |
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Description | Palmitic acid, also known as palmitate or hexadecanoic acid, is a member of the class of compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. Long-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. Thus, palmitic acid is considered to be a fatty acid lipid molecule. Palmitic acid is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Palmitic acid can be found in a number of food items such as sacred lotus, spinach, shallot, and corn salad, which makes palmitic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Palmitic acid can be found primarily in most biofluids, including feces, sweat, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine, as well as throughout most human tissues. Palmitic acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, palmitic acid is involved in several metabolic pathways, some of which include alendronate action pathway, rosuvastatin action pathway, simvastatin action pathway, and cerivastatin action pathway. Palmitic acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include hypercholesterolemia, familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency, ethylmalonic encephalopathy, and carnitine palmitoyl transferase deficiency (I). Moreover, palmitic acid is found to be associated with schizophrenia. Palmitic acid is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound. Palmitic acid, or hexadecanoic acid in IUPAC nomenclature, is the most common saturated fatty acid found in animals, plants and microorganisms. Its chemical formula is CH3(CH2)14COOH, and its C:D is 16:0. As its name indicates, it is a major component of the oil from the fruit of oil palms (palm oil). Palmitic acid can also be found in meats, cheeses, butter, and dairy products. Palmitate is the salts and esters of palmitic acid. The palmitate anion is the observed form of palmitic acid at physiologic pH (7.4) . Palmitic acid is the first fatty acid produced during lipogenesis (fatty acid synthesis) and from which longer fatty acids can be produced. Palmitate negatively feeds back on acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) which is responsible for converting acetyl-ACP to malonyl-ACP on the growing acyl chain, thus preventing further palmitate generation (DrugBank). |
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CAS Number | 57-10-3 |
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Structure | |
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Synonyms | Synonym | Source |
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1-Hexyldecanoic acid | ChEBI | 1-Pentadecanecarboxylic acid | ChEBI | 16:00 | ChEBI | C16 | ChEBI | C16 Fatty acid | ChEBI | C16:0 | ChEBI | Cetylic acid | ChEBI | CH3-[CH2]14-COOH | ChEBI | FA 16:0 | ChEBI | Hexadecanoate | ChEBI | Hexadecoic acid | ChEBI | Hexadecylic acid | ChEBI | Hexaectylic acid | ChEBI | N-Hexadecanoic acid | ChEBI | N-Hexadecoic acid | ChEBI | Palmitate | ChEBI | Palmitinic acid | ChEBI | Palmitinsaeure | ChEBI | Pentadecanecarboxylic acid | ChEBI | 1-Hexyldecanoate | Generator | 1-Pentadecanecarboxylate | Generator | Cetylate | Generator | Hexadecanoic acid | Generator | Hexadecoate | Generator | Hexadecylate | Generator | Hexaectylate | Generator | N-Hexadecanoate | Generator | N-Hexadecoate | Generator | Palmitinate | Generator | Pentadecanecarboxylate | Generator | Edenor C16 | HMDB | Emersol 140 | HMDB | Emersol 143 | HMDB | Glycon p-45 | HMDB | Hexadecanoate (N-C16:0) | HMDB | Hexadecanoic acid palmitic acid | HMDB | Hydrofol | HMDB | Hydrofol acid 1690 | HMDB | Hystrene 8016 | HMDB | Hystrene 9016 | HMDB | Industrene 4516 | HMDB | Kortacid 1698 | HMDB | Loxiol ep 278 | HMDB | Lunac p 95 | HMDB | Lunac p 95KC | HMDB | Lunac p 98 | HMDB | Palmitoate | HMDB | Palmitoic acid | HMDB | PAM | HMDB | PLM | HMDB | Prifac 2960 | HMDB | Prifrac 2960 | HMDB | Pristerene 4934 | HMDB | Univol u332 | HMDB | Acid, hexadecanoic | HMDB | Acid, palmitic | HMDB | FA(16:0) | HMDB |
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Predicted Properties | |
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Chemical Formula | C16H32O2 |
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IUPAC name | hexadecanoic acid |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C16H32O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16(17)18/h2-15H2,1H3,(H,17,18) |
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InChI Key | IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Isomeric SMILES | CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O |
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Average Molecular Weight | 256.4241 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 256.240230268 |
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Classification |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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Class | Fatty Acyls |
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Sub Class | Fatty acids and conjugates |
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Direct Parent | Long-chain fatty acids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Long-chain fatty acid
- Straight chain fatty acid
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | Health effect: |
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Disposition | Route of exposure: Source: Biological location: |
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Process | Naturally occurring process: |
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Role | Biological role: Industrial application: |
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Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental |
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Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental | Property | Value | Reference |
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Physical state | Not Available | |
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Physical Description | Not Available | |
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Mass Composition | Not Available | |
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Melting Point | Not Available | |
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Boiling Point | Not Available | |
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Experimental Water Solubility | Not Available | |
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Experimental logP | Not Available | |
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Experimental pKa | Not Available | |
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Isoelectric point | Not Available | |
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Charge | Not Available | |
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Optical Rotation | Not Available | |
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Spectroscopic UV Data | Not Available | |
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Density | Not Available | |
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Refractive Index | Not Available | |
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Spectra |
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Spectra | |
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EI-MS/GC-MS | Type | Description | Splash Key | View |
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EI-MS | Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization) | splash10-06xx-9100000000-7ac9cd088cb9cb9f7560 | 2014-09-20 | View Spectrum | GC-MS | Hexadecanoic acid, 1 TMS, GC-MS Spectrum | splash10-014i-0901000000-51ee83f9462d25fa4045 | Spectrum | GC-MS | Hexadecanoic acid, 1 TMS, GC-MS Spectrum | splash10-0100-9700000000-3d8b6cf4736afa482b57 | Spectrum | GC-MS | Hexadecanoic acid, 1 TMS, GC-MS Spectrum | splash10-0159-2901000000-fb423e89a78708021db1 | Spectrum | GC-MS | Hexadecanoic acid, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum | splash10-0abc-9110000000-6d7f0dbe5b588850b941 | Spectrum | GC-MS | Hexadecanoic acid, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum | splash10-014i-0901000000-51ee83f9462d25fa4045 | Spectrum | GC-MS | Hexadecanoic acid, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum | splash10-0100-9700000000-3d8b6cf4736afa482b57 | Spectrum | GC-MS | Hexadecanoic acid, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum | splash10-0159-2901000000-fb423e89a78708021db1 | Spectrum | GC-MS | Hexadecanoic acid, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum | splash10-0159-2901000000-fb423e89a78708021db1 | Spectrum | GC-MS | Hexadecanoic acid, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum | splash10-014i-1900000000-d7638a578d846871e670 | Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Hexadecanoic acid, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0006-9610000000-f75185fa40c090817f46 | Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Hexadecanoic acid, 1 TMS, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive | splash10-022i-9440000000-7d3a81432d58729f9f98 | Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Hexadecanoic acid, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Hexadecanoic acid, TBDMS_1_1, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | Spectrum |
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MS/MS | Type | Description | Splash Key | View |
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MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Negative (Annotated) | splash10-0a4i-0090000000-39c3a0e17432781e9760 | 2012-07-24 | View Spectrum | MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Negative (Annotated) | splash10-0a4i-0090000000-8ec1a6953701fc22ce27 | 2012-07-24 | View Spectrum | MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Negative (Annotated) | splash10-0fba-9200000000-23c995bf81d5ef609489 | 2012-07-24 | View Spectrum | MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI M-80) , Positive | splash10-0abc-9110000000-12f1884d67998fb924a5 | 2012-08-31 | View Spectrum | MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF , Negative | splash10-004i-0091010000-6922411e48d747e592b5 | 2017-08-14 | View Spectrum | MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF 30V, Negative | splash10-004i-0091010000-6922411e48d747e592b5 | 2017-08-14 | View Spectrum | MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF 10V, Negative | splash10-004i-0091010000-6922411e48d747e592b5 | 2017-08-14 | View Spectrum | MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF 20V, Negative | splash10-004i-0091010000-6922411e48d747e592b5 | 2017-08-14 | View Spectrum | MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF , Negative | splash10-0a4i-0091000000-4f6858c1cc0f04cbabf5 | 2017-08-14 | View Spectrum | MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF , Negative | splash10-0a4i-0090000000-14e58eecd83ba52123c2 | 2017-09-12 | View Spectrum | MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF 30V, Negative | splash10-0a4i-0090000000-c3f9f4d5c336137b7fcf | 2017-09-12 | View Spectrum | MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF 10V, Negative | splash10-0a4i-0090000000-47919da3faa8e0f52bbc | 2017-09-12 | View Spectrum | MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF 20V, Negative | splash10-0a4i-0090000000-fdd9e98416da12470fe9 | 2017-09-12 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive | splash10-000i-0090000000-26bb4965a56ab0e82b49 | 2015-05-26 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive | splash10-06rj-5790000000-251700f3edf9a5af04cd | 2015-05-26 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive | splash10-052f-9600000000-5b75a67e276017f221b8 | 2015-05-26 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive | splash10-000i-0090000000-26bb4965a56ab0e82b49 | 2015-05-26 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive | splash10-06rj-5790000000-251700f3edf9a5af04cd | 2015-05-26 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive | splash10-052f-9600000000-5b75a67e276017f221b8 | 2015-05-26 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative | splash10-0a4i-0090000000-e4a4200bd25f8fa480cc | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative | splash10-0bti-1090000000-768a48058fc0a2d7a877 | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative | splash10-0a4l-9320000000-c9714c7ffdc804bf9323 | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative | splash10-0a4i-0090000000-e4a4200bd25f8fa480cc | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative | splash10-0bti-1090000000-768a48058fc0a2d7a877 | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative | splash10-0a4l-9320000000-c9714c7ffdc804bf9323 | 2015-05-27 | View Spectrum |
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NMR | Type | Description | | View |
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1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, CDCl3, experimental) | | Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25.16 MHz, CDCl3, experimental) | | Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, CDCl3, experimental) | | Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, CDCl3, experimental) | | Spectrum | 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, CDCl3, experimental) | | Spectrum |
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External Links |
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ChemSpider ID | Not Available |
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ChEMBL ID | Not Available |
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KEGG Compound ID | Not Available |
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Pubchem Compound ID | Not Available |
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Pubchem Substance ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | Not Available |
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Phenol-Explorer ID | Not Available |
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DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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HMDB ID | Not Available |
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CRC / DFC (Dictionary of Food Compounds) ID | Not Available |
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EAFUS ID | Not Available |
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Dr. Duke ID | Not Available |
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BIGG ID | Not Available |
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KNApSAcK ID | Not Available |
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HET ID | Not Available |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | Not Available |
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Flavornet ID | Not Available |
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GoodScent ID | Not Available |
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SuperScent ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia ID | Not Available |
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Phenol-Explorer Metabolite ID | Not Available |
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Duplicate IDS | Not Available |
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Old DFC IDS | Not Available |
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Associated Foods |
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Food | Content Range | Average | Reference |
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Food | | | Reference |
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Biological Effects and Interactions |
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Health Effects / Bioactivities | Not Available |
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Enzymes | Not Available |
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Pathways | Not Available |
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Metabolism | Not Available |
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Biosynthesis | Not Available |
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Organoleptic Properties |
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Flavours | Not Available |
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Files |
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MSDS | Not Available |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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General Reference | Not Available |
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Content Reference | |
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