<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2010-04-08 22:05:44 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2019-11-26 02:58:50 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>FDB003294</accession>
  <name>L-Lactic acid</name>
  <description>Occurs in the juice of muscular tissue, bile etc. Flavour ingredient, food antioxidant. Various esters are also used in flavourings

Lactic acid is chiral and has two optical isomers. One is known as L-(+)-lactic acid or (S)-lactic acid and the other, its mirror image, is D-(-)-lactic acid or (R)-lactic acid. L-(+)-Lactic acid is the biologically important isomer.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>(+)-Lactate</synonym>
    <synonym>(+)-Lactic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(2S)-2-Hydroxypropanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(alpha)-Lactate</synonym>
    <synonym>(alpha)-Lactic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-(+)-2-Hydroxypropanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-(+)-2-Hydroxypropanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-(+)-Lactate</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-(+)-Lactic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-2-Hydroxy-propanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-2-Hydroxy-propanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-2-Hydroxypropanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-2-Hydroxypropanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-2-Hydroxypropionate</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-2-Hydroxypropionic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-Lactate</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-Lactic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>1-Hydroxyethane 1-carboxylate</synonym>
    <synonym>1-Hydroxyethanecarboxylate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxypropanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxypropanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxypropanoic acid, 9CI; L-form</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxypropionate</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Hydroxypropanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Hydroxypropanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Hydroxypropionate</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Hydroxypropionic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Hydroxypropanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Hydroxypropionate</synonym>
    <synonym>Espiritin</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)- Lactic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-a-Hydroxypropionate</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-a-Hydroxypropionic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-alpha-Hydroxypropionate</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-alpha-Hydroxypropionic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-Lactic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-α-hydroxypropionate</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-α-hydroxypropionic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>L-2-Hydroxypropanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>L-2-Hydroxypropanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>L-Lactate</synonym>
    <synonym>L-Lactic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>L-Milchsaeure</synonym>
    <synonym>Milk acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Paralactic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, (S)- (9CI)</synonym>
    <synonym>Sarcolactic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Tisulac</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C3H6O3</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>90.0779</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>90.031694058</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>(α)-lactate</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>79-33-4</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>C[C@H](O)C(O)=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C3H6O3/c1-2(4)3(5)6/h2,4H,1H3,(H,5,6)/t2-/m0/s1</inchi>
  <inchikey>JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-REOHCLBHSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha hydroxy acids and derivatives. These are organic compounds containing a carboxylic acid substituted with a hydroxyl group on the adjacent carbon.</description>
    <direct_parent>Alpha hydroxy acids and derivatives</direct_parent>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Organic acids and derivatives</super_class>
    <class>Hydroxy acids and derivatives</class>
    <sub_class>Alpha hydroxy acids and derivatives</sub_class>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic acyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Carbonyl compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carboxylic acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Secondary alcohols</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Aliphatic acyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Alpha-hydroxy acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Secondary alcohol</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>2-hydroxypropanoic acid</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <state>Liquid</state>
  <predicted_properties>
  </predicted_properties>
  <experimental_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>melting_point</kind>
      <value>Mp 53°</value>
    </property>
  </experimental_properties>
  <property>
    <kind>logp</kind>
    <value>-0.47</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
    <value>3.78</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
    <value>-3.7</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>iupac</kind>
    <value>(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>average_mass</kind>
    <value>90.0779</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>mono_mass</kind>
    <value>90.031694058</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>smiles</kind>
    <value>C[C@H](O)C(O)=O</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formula</kind>
    <value>C3H6O3</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchi</kind>
    <value>InChI=1S/C3H6O3/c1-2(4)3(5)6/h2,4H,1H3,(H,5,6)/t2-/m0/s1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchikey</kind>
    <value>JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-REOHCLBHSA-N</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
    <value>57.53</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>refractivity</kind>
    <value>18.84</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polarizability</kind>
    <value>8.06</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
    <value>1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
    <value>3</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>donor_count</kind>
    <value>2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
    <value>-1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formal_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <name>Gluconeogenesis</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP00128</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id>map00010</kegg_map_id>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Pyruvate Metabolism</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP00060</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id>map00620</kegg_map_id>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
  </spectra>
  <hmdb_id>HMDB00190</hmdb_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id/>
  <chemspider_id/>
  <kegg_id/>
  <chebi_id>422</chebi_id>
  <biocyc_id/>
  <het_id>2OP</het_id>
  <wikipidia/>
  <vmh_id/>
  <fbonto_id/>
  <foodb_id/>
  <general_references>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x0000558b642d3468&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x0000558b642d32b0&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x0000558b642d30f8&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x0000558b642d2f40&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x0000558b642d2d88&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x0000558b642d2bd0&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x0000558b642d2a18&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x0000558b642d2860&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x0000558b642d26a8&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x0000558b642d24f0&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x0000558b642d2338&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x0000558b642d2180&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x0000558b642d1fc8&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x0000558b642d1e10&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x0000558b642d1c58&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x0000558b642d1aa0&gt;</reference>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x0000558b642d18e8&gt;</reference>
  </general_references>
  <foods>
    <food>
      <name>Beer</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>360.0</average_value>
      <max_value>360.0</max_value>
      <min_value>360.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cow milk, pasteurized, vitamin A + D added, 0% fat</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific></name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cow milk, pasteurized, vitamin A + D added, 1% fat</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific></name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cow milk, pasteurized, vitamin A + D added, 2% fat</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific></name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cow milk, pasteurized, vitamin D added, 3.25% fat</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific></name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Milk (Cow)</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific></name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>347.36</average_value>
      <max_value>1770.0</max_value>
      <min_value>33.43</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Port wine</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific></name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
  </foods>
  <flavors>
    <flavor>
      <name>acidic</name>
    </flavor>
    <flavor>
      <name>odorless</name>
    </flavor>
  </flavors>
  <enzymes>
  </enzymes>
  <health_effects>
  </health_effects>
</compound>
