<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2010-04-08 22:09:58 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2025-11-18 23:33:25 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>FDB012052</accession>
  <name>Cinnamic acid</name>
  <description>Cinnamic acid is a white crystalline hydroxycinnamic acid, which is slightly soluble in water. It is obtained from oil of cinnamon, or from balsams such as storax. Cinnamic acid is found in many foods, some of which are green bell pepper, olive, pepper (spice), and pear.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>(2Z)-3-Phenyl-2-propenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>(2Z)-3-Phenylacrylate</synonym>
    <synonym>(Z)-3-Phenyl-2-propenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>(Z)-Cinnamate</synonym>
    <synonym>&amp;beta;-Phenylacrylic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Phenyl-2-propenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Phenyl-acrylate</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Phenyl-acrylic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Phenylacrylate</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Phenylacrylic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Phenylprop-2-enoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Phenylpropenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Phenylpropenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>b-Phenylacrylic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Benzeneacrylic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Benzenepropenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>Benzenepropenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Benzylideneacetic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>beta-Phenylacrylic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Cinnamate</synonym>
    <synonym>Cinnamic acid, 8CI</synonym>
    <synonym>Cinnamylic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>cis-b-Carboxystyrene</synonym>
    <synonym>cis-Cinnamate</synonym>
    <synonym>cis-Zimtsaeure</synonym>
    <synonym>cis-β-carboxystyrene</synonym>
    <synonym>FEMA 2288</synonym>
    <synonym>Phenylacrylate</synonym>
    <synonym>Phenylacrylic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Phenylethylenecarboxylic acid</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C9H8O2</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>148.1586</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>148.0524295</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>(2E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoic acid</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>cinnamic acid</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>621-82-9</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>OC(=O)\C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C9H8O2/c10-9(11)7-6-8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h1-7H,(H,10,11)/b7-6-</inchi>
  <inchikey>WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cinnamic acids. These are organic aromatic compounds containing a benzene and a carboxylic acid group forming 3-phenylprop-2-enoic acid.</description>
    <direct_parent>Cinnamic acids</direct_parent>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Phenylpropanoids and polyketides</super_class>
    <class>Cinnamic acids and derivatives</class>
    <sub_class>Cinnamic acids</sub_class>
    <molecular_framework>Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Carbonyl compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carboxylic acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Styrenes</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Aromatic homomonocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Cinnamic acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocyclic benzene moiety</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Styrene</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>Monolignols</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>cinnamic acid</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <state>Solid</state>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>2.38</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-2.38</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>6.18e-01 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <experimental_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>melting_point</kind>
      <value>132-135 oC</value>
    </property>
  </experimental_properties>
  <property>
    <kind>logp</kind>
    <value>2.14</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
    <value>4.51</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>iupac</kind>
    <value>(2E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoic acid</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>average_mass</kind>
    <value>148.1586</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>mono_mass</kind>
    <value>148.0524295</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>smiles</kind>
    <value>OC(=O)\C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formula</kind>
    <value>C9H8O2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchi</kind>
    <value>InChI=1S/C9H8O2/c10-9(11)7-6-8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h1-7H,(H,10,11)/b7-6-</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchikey</kind>
    <value>WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
    <value>37.3</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>refractivity</kind>
    <value>43.06</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polarizability</kind>
    <value>15.43</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
    <value>2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
    <value>2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>donor_count</kind>
    <value>1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
    <value>-1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formal_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrTwoD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1048</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrTwoD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1550</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>677</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>678</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1245</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>3206</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>30247</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>30895</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>31264</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>37847</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>154695</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1081799</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::EiMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>488</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1609</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>2238</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>2933</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>5018</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>28</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>975</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>976</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>977</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1324</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1325</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1326</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>4924</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>4925</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>4926</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>4927</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>4928</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>4931</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>4932</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>179667</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>179668</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>179669</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>182001</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>182002</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>182003</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>437390</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>437391</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>437392</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>437393</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>437394</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>439036</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>439616</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>439617</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>447953</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <hmdb_id>HMDB00567</hmdb_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id/>
  <chemspider_id/>
  <kegg_id/>
  <chebi_id>27386</chebi_id>
  <biocyc_id/>
  <het_id/>
  <wikipidia/>
  <vmh_id/>
  <fbonto_id/>
  <foodb_id/>
  <general_references>
    <reference>#&lt;Reference:0x000055ce318bc6d0&gt;</reference>
  </general_references>
  <foods>
    <food>
      <name>American cranberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vaccinium macrocarpon</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>13750</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>1.107</average_value>
      <max_value>2.049999952</max_value>
      <min_value>0.164000005</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Anatidae</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Anatidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8830</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Apple</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Malus pumila</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>283210</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Arabica coffee</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Coffea arabica</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>13443</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.00325</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0065</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Beefalo</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bos taurus X Bison bison</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>297284</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Bilberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vaccinium myrtillus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>180763</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Bison</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bison bison</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9901</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Black tea</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category/>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Blackcurrant</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Ribes nigrum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>78511</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Broccoli</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Brassica oleracea var. italica</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>36774</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Buffalo</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bubalus bubalis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>89462</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Carrot</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Daucus carota ssp. sativus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>79200</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cattle (Beef, Veal)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Bos taurus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9913</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Ceylon cinnamon</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cinnamomum verum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>128608</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Chicken</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Gallus gallus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9031</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Chinese cinnamon</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cinnamomum aromaticum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>119260</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>20.1</average_value>
      <max_value>20.099999809</max_value>
      <min_value>20.099999809</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Cocoa powder</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Coffee</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>generic</category>
      <name_scientific>Coffea</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>13442</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.00325</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0065</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Columbidae (Dove, Pigeon)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Columbidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8930</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Common grape</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vitis vinifera</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>29760</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Common oregano</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Origanum vulgare</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>39352</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Common thyme</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Thymus vulgaris</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>49992</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Coriander</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Coriandrum sativum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4047</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>4.0</average_value>
      <max_value>4.0</max_value>
      <min_value>4.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Deer</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cervidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9850</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Domestic goat</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Capra aegagrus hircus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9925</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Domestic pig</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Sus scrofa domestica</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9825</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Elk</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Cervus canadensis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>1574408</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Emu</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Dromaius novaehollandiae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8790</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>European cranberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vaccinium oxycoccos</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>516948</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>European rabbit</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Oryctolagus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9984</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Fennel</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Foeniculum vulgare</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>48038</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Garden tomato (var.)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>397755</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Grape wine</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Green bell pepper</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Capsicum annuum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4072</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Green tea</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category/>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Greylag goose</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Anser anser</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8843</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Guinea hen</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Numida meleagris</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8996</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Herbal tea</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category/>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Horse</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Equus caballus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9796</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Lingonberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Vaccinium vitis-idaea</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>180772</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>4.12</average_value>
      <max_value>4.119999886</max_value>
      <min_value>4.119999886</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Mallard duck</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Anas platyrhynchos</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8839</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Mountain hare</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Lepus timidus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>62621</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Mule deer</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Odocoileus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9871</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Olive</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Olea europaea</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4146</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>9.123978</average_value>
      <max_value>21.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.019888888</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Orange bell pepper</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Capsicum annuum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4072</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Ostrich</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Struthio camelus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8801</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Pear</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Pyrus communis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>23211</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Pepper</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Capsicum annuum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4072</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Pepper (C. frutescens)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Capsicum annuum var. annuum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>40321</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Pepper (Spice)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Piper nigrum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>13216</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Pheasant</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Phasianus colchicus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9054</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Pomegranate</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Punica granatum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>22663</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Quail</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Phasianidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9005</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rabbit</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Leporidae</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9979</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rape</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Brassica napus var. napus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>138011</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Red bell pepper</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Capsicum annuum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4072</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Red raspberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Rubus idaeus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>32247</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.0505</average_value>
      <max_value>0.100999996</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Red tea</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category/>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Redcurrant</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Ribes rubrum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>175228</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.103</average_value>
      <max_value>0.103</max_value>
      <min_value>0.103</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Robusta coffee</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Coffea canephora</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>49390</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.00325</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0065</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rock ptarmigan</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Lagopus muta</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>64668</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Rye bread</name>
      <food_type>Type 2</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific/>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id/>
      <average_value>0.0</average_value>
      <max_value>0.0</max_value>
      <min_value>0.0</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Sheep (Mutton, Lamb)</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Ovis aries</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9940</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Squab</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Columba</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>8931</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Strawberry</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Fragaria X ananassa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>3747</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.5581</average_value>
      <max_value>0.899999976</max_value>
      <min_value>0.216200018</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Sunflower</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Helianthus annuus</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4232</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Sweet bay</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Laurus nobilis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>85223</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Sweet orange</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Citrus sinensis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>2711</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
      <average_value>0.025</average_value>
      <max_value>0.025000001</max_value>
      <min_value>0.025000001</min_value>
      <unit>mg/100 g</unit>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Tea</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Camellia sinensis</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4442</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Turkey</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Meleagris gallopavo</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9103</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Turmeric</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Curcuma longa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>136217</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Velvet duck</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Melanitta fusca</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>371864</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Wild boar</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Sus scrofa</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>9823</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Wild carrot</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Daucus carota</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4039</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
    <food>
      <name>Yellow bell pepper</name>
      <food_type>Type 1</food_type>
      <category>specific</category>
      <name_scientific>Capsicum annuum</name_scientific>
      <ncbi_taxonomy_id>4072</ncbi_taxonomy_id>
    </food>
  </foods>
  <flavors>
    <flavor>
      <name>balsam</name>
    </flavor>
    <flavor>
      <name>cinnamon</name>
    </flavor>
    <flavor>
      <name>honey</name>
    </flavor>
    <flavor>
      <name>storax</name>
    </flavor>
    <flavor>
      <name>sweet</name>
    </flavor>
  </flavors>
  <enzymes>
  </enzymes>
  <health_effects>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Aldose reductase inhibitor</name>
      <id>40</id>
      <definition>An EC 1.1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of aldehyde reductase (EC 1.1.1.21).</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Allergenic</name>
      <id>43</id>
      <definition>A chemical compound which causes the onset of an allergic reaction by interacting with any of the molecular pathways involved in an allergy.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anesthetic</name>
      <id>62</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti bacterial</name>
      <id>145</id>
      <definition>A substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-inflammatory</name>
      <id>370</id>
      <definition>A substance that reduces or suppresses inflammation.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-mutagenic</name>
      <id>451</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Anti-spasmodic</name>
      <id>619</id>
      <definition>Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Cancer preventive</name>
      <id>754</id>
      <definition>A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Choleretic</name>
      <id>801</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Dermatitigenic</name>
      <id>875</id>
      <definition/>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Fungicide</name>
      <id>940</id>
      <definition>A substance used to destroy fungal pests.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Herbicide</name>
      <id>986</id>
      <definition>A substance used to destroy plant pests.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Laxative</name>
      <id>1065</id>
      <definition>An agent that produces a soft formed stool, and relaxes and loosens the bowels, typically used over a protracted period, to relieve constipation. Compare with cathartic, which is a substance that accelerates defecation. A substances can be both a laxative and a cathartic.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Lipoxygenase inhibitor</name>
      <id>1077</id>
      <definition>A compound or agent that combines with lipoxygenase and thereby prevents its substrate-enzyme combination with arachidonic acid and the formation of the icosanoid products hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid and various leukotrienes.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Name</name>
      <id>936</id>
      <definition>A substance, extract, or preparation for diffusing or imparting an agreeable or attractive smell.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Pesticide</name>
      <id>1210</id>
      <definition>Strictly, a substance intended to kill pests. In common usage, any substance used for controlling, preventing, or destroying animal, microbiological or plant pests.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Tyrosinase inhibitor</name>
      <id>1389</id>
      <definition>Any EC 1.14.18.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, miscellaneous compound as one donor, incorporating 1 atom of oxygen) inhibitor that interferes with the action of tyrosinase (monophenol monooxygenase), EC 1.14.18.1, an enzyme that catalyses the oxidation of phenols (such as tyrosine) and is widespread in plants and animals.</definition>
    </health_effect>
    <health_effect>
      <name>Vermifuge</name>
      <id>1422</id>
      <definition>Strictly, a substance intended to kill pests. In common usage, any substance used for controlling, preventing, or destroying animal, microbiological or plant pests.</definition>
    </health_effect>
  </health_effects>
</compound>
