1.0 2011-09-21 00:32:20 UTC 2015-07-21 06:57:47 UTC FDB023607 Donepezil Donepezil, marketed under the trade name Aricept (Eisai), is a centrally acting reversible acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor. Its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase cortical acetylcholine. It has an oral bioavailability of 100% and easily crosses the blood-brain barrier. Because it has a half life of about 70 hours, it can be taken once a day. Initial dose is 5 mg per day, which can be increased to 10 mg per day after an adjustment period of at least 4 weeks.; Donepezil is a centrally acting reversible acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor. Its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase cortical acetylcholine. It is well absorbed in the gut with an oral bioavailability of 100% and easily crosses the blood-brain barrier. Because it has a half life of about 70 hours, it can be taken once a day.; Currently, there is no definitive proof that use of donepezil or other similar agents alters the course or progression of Alzheimer's disease. However, 6-12 month controlled studies have shown modest benefits in cognition and/or behavior. Pilot studies have reported that donepezil therapy may potentially have effects on markers of disease progression, such as hippocampal volume. Therefore, many neurologists, psychiatrists, and primary care physicians use donepezil in patients with Alzheimer's disease. In 2005, the UK National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) withdrew its recommendation for use of the drug for mild-to-moderate AD, on the basis that there is no significant improvement in functional outcome; Currently, there is no definitive proof that use of donepezil or other similar agents alters the course or progression of Alzheimer's disease. However, 6-12 month controlled studies have shown modest benefits in cognition and/or behavior. Pilot studies have reported that donepezil therapy may potentially have effects on markers of disease progression, such as hippocampal volume. Therefore, many neurologists, psychiatrists, and primary care physicians use donepezil in patients with Alzheimer's disease. In 2005, the UK National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) withdrew its recommendation for use of the drug for mild-to-moderate AD, on the basis that there is no significant improvement in functional outcome; of quality of life or of behavioral symptoms. However, NICE revised its guidelines to suggest that donepezil be used in moderate stage patients for whom the evidence is strongest. While the drug is currently indicated for mild to moderate Alzheimer's, there is also evidence from 2 trials that it may be effective for moderate to severe disease. An example of this is a Karolinska Institute paper published in The Lancet in early 2006, which states that donepezil improves cognitive function even in patients with severe Alzheimer's disease symptoms.; of quality of life or of behavioral symptoms. However, NICE revised its guidelines to suggest that donepezil be used in moderate stage patients for whom the evidence is strongest. While the drug is currently indicated for mild to moderate Alzheimer's, there is also evidence from 2 trials that it may be effective for moderate to severe disease. An example of this is a Karolinska Institute paper published in The Lancet in early 2006, which states that donepezil improves cognitive function even in patients with severe Alzheimer's disease symptoms. [HMDB] Aricept Aricept ODT Donepezil hydrochloride Donepezilo Donepezilum C24H29NO3 379.492 379.214743799 2-[(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one donepezil 120014-06-4 COC1=C(OC)C=C2C(=O)C(CC3CCN(CC4=CC=CC=C4)CC3)CC2=C1 InChI=1S/C24H29NO3/c1-27-22-14-19-13-20(24(26)21(19)15-23(22)28-2)12-17-8-10-25(11-9-17)16-18-6-4-3-5-7-18/h3-7,14-15,17,20H,8-13,16H2,1-2H3 ADEBPBSSDYVVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N belongs to the class of organic compounds known as n-benzylpiperidines. These are heterocyclic Compounds containing a piperidine ring conjugated to a benzyl group through one nitrogen ring atom. N-benzylpiperidines Organic compounds Organoheterocyclic compounds Piperidines Benzylpiperidines Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds Alkyl aryl ethers Anisoles Aralkylamines Aryl alkyl ketones Azacyclic compounds Benzylamines Hydrocarbon derivatives Indanones Organic oxides Organopnictogen compounds Phenylmethylamines Trialkylamines Alkyl aryl ether Amine Anisole Aralkylamine Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound Aryl alkyl ketone Aryl ketone Azacycle Benzenoid Benzylamine Ether Hydrocarbon derivative Indane Indanone Ketone Monocyclic benzene moiety N-benzylpiperidine Organic nitrogen compound Organic oxide Organic oxygen compound Organonitrogen compound Organooxygen compound Organopnictogen compound Phenylmethylamine Tertiary aliphatic amine Tertiary amine cyclic ketone piperidines Solid logp 4.14 ALOGPS logs -4.93 ALOGPS solubility 4.50e-03 g/l ALOGPS logp 4.21 ChemAxon pka_strongest_acidic 17.02 ChemAxon pka_strongest_basic 8.62 ChemAxon iupac 2-[(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one ChemAxon average_mass 379.492 ChemAxon mono_mass 379.214743799 ChemAxon smiles COC1=C(OC)C=C2C(=O)C(CC3CCN(CC4=CC=CC=C4)CC3)CC2=C1 ChemAxon formula C24H29NO3 ChemAxon inchi InChI=1S/C24H29NO3/c1-27-22-14-19-13-20(24(26)21(19)15-23(22)28-2)12-17-8-10-25(11-9-17)16-18-6-4-3-5-7-18/h3-7,14-15,17,20H,8-13,16H2,1-2H3 ChemAxon inchikey ADEBPBSSDYVVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChemAxon polar_surface_area 38.77 ChemAxon refractivity 112.11 ChemAxon polarizability 44.34 ChemAxon rotatable_bond_count 6 ChemAxon acceptor_count 4 ChemAxon donor_count 0 ChemAxon physiological_charge 1 ChemAxon formal_charge 0 ChemAxon Specdb::CMs 21137 Specdb::CMs 117540 Specdb::CMs 164314 Specdb::MsMs 78189 Specdb::MsMs 78190 Specdb::MsMs 78191 Specdb::MsMs 138474 Specdb::MsMs 138475 Specdb::MsMs 138476 Specdb::MsMs 2255232 Specdb::MsMs 2255323 Specdb::MsMs 2297359 Specdb::MsMs 2297360 Specdb::MsMs 2297361 Specdb::MsMs 2637685 Specdb::MsMs 2637686 Specdb::MsMs 2637687 HMDB05041 #<Reference:0x000055ce325e6360> #<Reference:0x000055ce325e61a8> #<Reference:0x000055ce325e5ff0> #<Reference:0x000055ce325e5e38> #<Reference:0x000055ce325e5c58> Acetylcholinesterase P22303 ACHE Cholinesterase P06276 BCHE