1.0 2015-02-26 20:20:41 UTC 2025-11-19 03:00:11 UTC FDB030010 Kynurenine Kynurenine, also known as 3-anthraniloylalanine, is a member of the class of compounds known as alkyl-phenylketones. Alkyl-phenylketones are aromatic compounds containing a ketone substituted by one alkyl group, and a phenyl group. Kynurenine is slightly soluble (in water) and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Kynurenine can be found in a number of food items such as yellow zucchini, carrot, spinach, and broccoli, which makes kynurenine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Kynurenine is synthesized by the enzyme tryptophan dioxygenase, which is made primarily but not exclusively in the liver, and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, which is made in many tissues in response to immune activation. Kynurenine and its further breakdown products carry out diverse biological functions, including dilating blood vessels during inflammation and regulating the immune response. Some cancers increase kynurenine production, which increases tumor growth . C10H12N2O3 208.2139 208.08479226 2-amino-4-(2-aminophenyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid (+-)-kynurenine 343-65-7 NC(CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1N)C(O)=O InChI=1S/C10H12N2O3/c11-7-4-2-1-3-6(7)9(13)5-8(12)10(14)15/h1-4,8H,5,11-12H2,(H,14,15) YGPSJZOEDVAXAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkyl-phenylketones. These are aromatic compounds containing a ketone substituted by one alkyl group, and a phenyl group. Alkyl-phenylketones Organic compounds Organic oxygen compounds Organooxygen compounds Carbonyl compounds Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds Alpha amino acids Amino acids Aniline and substituted anilines Aryl alkyl ketones Benzoyl derivatives Beta-amino ketones Butyrophenones Carboxylic acids Gamma-keto acids and derivatives Hydrocarbon derivatives Monoalkylamines Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives Organic oxides Organopnictogen compounds Vinylogous amides Alkyl-phenylketone Alpha-amino acid Alpha-amino acid or derivatives Amine Amino acid Amino acid or derivatives Aniline or substituted anilines Aromatic homomonocyclic compound Aryl alkyl ketone Benzenoid Benzoyl Beta-aminoketone Butyrophenone Carboxylic acid Carboxylic acid derivative Gamma-keto acid Hydrocarbon derivative Keto acid Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives Monocyclic benzene moiety Organic nitrogen compound Organic oxide Organonitrogen compound Organopnictogen compound Primary aliphatic amine Primary amine Vinylogous amide aromatic ketone non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid substituted aniline logp -1.93 ALOGPS logs -2.10 ALOGPS solubility 1.67e+00 g/l ALOGPS logp -1.9 ChemAxon pka_strongest_acidic 1.19 ChemAxon pka_strongest_basic 8.96 ChemAxon iupac 2-amino-4-(2-aminophenyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid ChemAxon average_mass 208.2139 ChemAxon mono_mass 208.08479226 ChemAxon smiles NC(CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1N)C(O)=O ChemAxon formula C10H12N2O3 ChemAxon inchi InChI=1S/C10H12N2O3/c11-7-4-2-1-3-6(7)9(13)5-8(12)10(14)15/h1-4,8H,5,11-12H2,(H,14,15) ChemAxon inchikey YGPSJZOEDVAXAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChemAxon polar_surface_area 106.41 ChemAxon refractivity 55.05 ChemAxon polarizability 20.59 ChemAxon rotatable_bond_count 4 ChemAxon acceptor_count 5 ChemAxon donor_count 3 ChemAxon physiological_charge 0 ChemAxon formal_charge 0 ChemAxon Specdb::CMs 1821 Specdb::CMs 1840 Specdb::CMs 1856 Specdb::CMs 113581 Specdb::CMs 127375 Specdb::CMs 868307 Specdb::CMs 868308 Specdb::CMs 868309 Specdb::CMs 868310 Specdb::CMs 868311 Specdb::CMs 868312 Specdb::MsMs 1305556 Specdb::MsMs 1305557 Specdb::MsMs 1305558 Specdb::MsMs 1420075 Specdb::MsMs 1420076 Specdb::MsMs 1420077 Specdb::MsMs 2226985 Specdb::MsMs 2227081 Specdb::MsMs 2227649 Specdb::MsMs 2227714 Specdb::MsMs 2229417 Specdb::MsMs 2230070 Specdb::MsMs 2231693 Specdb::MsMs 2232481 Specdb::MsMs 2234068 Specdb::MsMs 2234888 Specdb::MsMs 2252951 Specdb::MsMs 2253090 Specdb::MsMs 2253364 Specdb::MsMs 2254983 Specdb::MsMs 2255130 Specdb::MsMs 2255460 Specdb::MsMs 2255580 Specdb::MsMs 2256998 Specdb::MsMs 2257046 Barley Type 1 specific Hordeum vulgare 4513 Broccoli Type 1 specific Brassica oleracea var. italica 36774 Carrot Type 1 specific Daucus carota ssp. sativus 79200 Spinach Type 1 specific Spinacia oleracea 3562 0.09 0.09 0.09 mg/100 g Sunburst squash (pattypan squash) Type 1 specific Cucurbita pepo var. clypeata 0.2 0.2 0.2 mg/100 g Yellow zucchini Type 1 specific Cucurbita pepo var. cylindrica 0.19 0.19 0.19 mg/100 g