The following entry is an example of an entry for the upcoming version 2.0 release of FooDB. This release of FooDB is under active development. The database so far contains over 25,000 unique compounds. This entry is a work in progress and may change rapidly.

FOOD IDENTIFICATION

General description

Accession Number	FOOD000102
Food name	Apple (Whole, raw)
Organism source	Apple (Malus pumila)
Version	1.0
Creation Date	2011-02-11 10:12:49
Update Date	2011-04-01 12:12:49
Synonyms	Malus communis Malus domestica Malus sylvestris Pyrus pumila Paradise apple
Description	The apple is the pomaceous fruit of the apple tree, species Malus pumila in the rosaceae family. It is one of the most widely cultivated tree fruits, and the most widely known of the many members of genus Malus that are used by humans. Compared to many other fruits and vegetables, apples contain relatively low amounts of vitamin C, but are a rich source of other antioxidant compounds.

External databases

Organism source
ITIS (International Taxonomic Information System)	25262
GRIN (Germplasm Resources Information Network)	23261 104681
USDA PLANTS	MAPU
PFAF (Plants For A Future)	Malus pumila Malus domestica
UniProt Taxonomy	3750 283210
NCBI Taxonomy	3750 283210
Mansfeld's	Malus domestica
Catalogue of Life	634936 630462
Encyclopedia of Life	16882413 632697
The International Plant Names Index	Malus pumila
Wikipedia	Apple
Wikispecies	Malus pumila Malus domestica

Food product
Wikipedia	Apple

FOOD COMPOSITION

Food contents

#	Compounds	Structures	Contents (mg/100 g)	Citations
1	(+)-Abscisic acid		Not Available	(3, 4)
2	(+)-Catechin		1.235	(3, 5)
3	(+)-Epicatechin		Not Available	(3)
4	(+)-Syringaresinol		Not Available	(4)
5	(-)-Epicatechin		8.335	(3, 5)
6	11beta-Hydroxygibberellin A7		Not Available	(4)
7	1H-Indole-3-acetic acid		Not Available	(4)
8	2-Methyl-but-2-en-1-ol		Not Available	(3)
9	3-Hydroxyphloretin 2'-O-glucoside		0.115	(5)
10	4-p-Coumaroylquinic acid		2.247	(3, 4, 5)
11	5-p-Coumaroylquinic acid		1.050	(5)
12	Acetaldehyde		Not Available	(3)
13	Aluminum		0.040 to 12.900	(3)
14	Ammonia		Not Available	(3)
15	Aniline		0.150	(3)
16	Arsenic		0.000 to 0.043	(3)
17	Barium		0.022 to 0.860	(3)
18	beta-Carotene		0.025 to 0.027	(1, 2)
19	beta-Carotene 5,6-epoxide		Not Available	(3)
20	Betaine		0.100	(2)
21	Biotin		0.300	(1)
22	Boron		0.100 to 11.000	(3)
23	Bromine		Not Available	(3)
24	Butanal		Not Available	(3)
25	Butyl acetate		Not Available	(3)
26	C14:0 (Myristic acid)		1.000	(2)
27	C16:0 (Palmitic acid)		24.000 to 56.000	(1, 2)
28	C16:1 n-7 (Palmitoleic acid)		1.000 to 6.200	(3)
29	C18:0 (Stearic acid)		3.000 to 10.000	(1, 2)
30	C18:1 n-9 (Oleic acid)		10.000 to 87.100	(1, 3)
31	C18:2 n-6 (Linoleic acid)		154.000	(1)
32	C18:3 n-3 (alpha-Linolenic acid)		41.000	(1)
33	Cadmium		0.000 to 0.003	(3)
34	Caffeic acid		0.418	(5)
35	Calcium		3.850 to 57.000	(1, 2, 3)
36	Campesterol		Not Available	(3)
37	Caproaldehyde		Not Available	(3)
38	Chlorogenic acid		13.253	(5)
39	Choline		3.400	(2)
40	Chromium		0.001 to 0.030	(1, 3)
41	Cobalt		0.001 to 0.004	(3)
42	Copper		0.024 to 0.400	(1, 2, 3)
43	Cryptochlorogenic acid		0.543	(5)
44	Cyanidin 3-O-arabinoside		0.063	(5)
45	Cyanidin 3-O-galactoside		0.811	(5)
46	Cyanidin 3-O-xyloside		0.055	(4, 5)
47	D-Fructose		5860.000 to 5900.000	(1, 2)
48	D-Glucose		1680.000 to 2430.000	(1, 2)
49	Diethylamine		0.300	(3)
50	Diphosphatidyl glycerol		0.400 to 0.600	(3)
51	Epicatechin-(4b->8)- epicatechin-(4b->6)- epicatechin		Not Available	(4)
52	Ethinyl estradiol		2.500 to 3.500	(3)
53	Ethyl acetate		Not Available	(3)
54	Ethyl formate		Not Available	(3)
55	Ethyl propionate		Not Available	(3)
56	Ethylene		Not Available	(4)
57	Ferulic acid		0.058	(5)
58	Fluoride		0.003 to 0.210	(2, 3)
59	Fumaric acid		Not Available	(4)
60	Gallic acid		Not Available	(3)
61	Gentisic acid		0.223	(5)
62	Gibberellin A1		Not Available	(4)
63	Gibberellin A105		Not Available	(4)
64	Gibberellin A108		Not Available	(4)
65	Gibberellin A12		Not Available	(4)
66	Gibberellin A15		Not Available	(4)
67	Gibberellin A17		Not Available	(4)
68	Gibberellin A19		Not Available	(4)
69	Gibberellin A20		Not Available	(4)
70	Gibberellin A24		Not Available	(4)
71	Gibberellin A25		Not Available	(4)
72	Gibberellin A3		Not Available	(4)
73	Gibberellin A34		Not Available	(4)
74	Gibberellin A35		Not Available	(4)
75	Gibberellin A44		Not Available	(4)
76	Gibberellin A45		Not Available	(4)
77	Gibberellin A51		Not Available	(4)
78	Gibberellin A53		Not Available	(4)
79	Gibberellin A54		Not Available	(4)
80	Gibberellin A61		Not Available	(4)
81	Gibberellin A62		Not Available	(4)
82	Gibberellin A63		Not Available	(4)
83	Gibberellin A68		Not Available	(4)
84	Gibberellin A7		Not Available	(4)
85	Gibberellin A70		Not Available	(4)
86	Gibberellin A8		Not Available	(4)
87	Gibberellin A84		Not Available	(4)
88	Gibberellin A88		Not Available	(4)
89	Gibberellin A9		Not Available	(4)
90	Glycine		8.000 to 9.000	(1, 2)
91	Hexyl acetate		Not Available	(3)
92	Hexyl butyrate		Not Available	(3)
93	Indole-3-methyl acetate		Not Available	(4)
94	Iron		0.110 to 12.300	(1, 2, 3)
95	Isoamyl butyrate		Not Available	(3)
96	Isopropyl acetate		Not Available	(3)
97	Jasmonic acid		Not Available	(3)
98	Kaempferol		Not Available	(3)
99	L-Alanine		11.000	(1, 2, 3)
100	L-Arginine		6.000	(1, 2)
101	L-Aspartic acid		21.000 to 211.500	(1, 2, 3)
102	L-Cystine		1.000	(1, 2)
103	L-Glutamic acid		15.600 to 124.400	(1, 2, 3)
104	L-Histidine		4.000 to 5.000	(1, 2)
105	L-Isoleucine		6.000 to 9.000	(1, 2)
106	L-Leucine		13.000 to 14.000	(1, 2)
107	L-Lysine		12.000 to 13.000	(1, 2)
108	L-Methionine		1.000 to 3.000	(1, 2)
109	L-Phenylalanine		6.000 to 7.000	(1, 2)
110	L-Proline		6.000 to 83.000	(1, 2)
111	L-Serine		10.000 to 11.000	(1, 2)
112	L-Threonine		6.000 to 8.000	(1, 2)
113	L-Tryptophan		1.000 to 3.000	(1, 2)
114	L-Tyrosine		1.000 to 4.000	(1, 2)
115	L-Valine		10.000 to 12.000	(1, 2)
116	Lead		0.000 to 6.400	(3)
117	Lithium		0.004 to 0.017	(3)
118	Lutein		0.040 to 0.500	(3)
119	Luteoxanthin		Not Available	(3)
120	Magnesium		4.400 to 47.800	(1, 2, 3)
121	Manganese		0.000 to 2.900	(1, 2, 3)
122	Melatonin		Not Available	(3)
123	Mercury		0.000 to 0.002	(3)
124	Methyl amine		Not Available	(3)
125	Methyl benzoate		Not Available	(3)
126	Methyl butyrate		Not Available	(3)
127	Methyl vinyl ketone		Not Available	(3)
128	Mevalonic acid		3.000 to 3.600	(3)
129	Molybdenum		0.008 to 0.043	(3)
130	Myricetin		Not Available	(3)
131	N-Methyl-beta-phenethylamine		0.120	(3)
132	Nickel		0.000 to 0.065	(1, 3)
133	p-Hydroxycinnamic acid		0.287	(5)
134	Pentylamine		0.030	(3)
135	Phloretin 2'-O-xylosyl-glucoside		2.603	(5)
136	Phloridzin		2.754	(5)
137	Phosphorus		6.800 to 92.500	(1, 2, 3)
138	Potassium		107.000 to 1214.000	(1, 2, 3)
139	Procyanidin dimer B2		14.558	(5)
140	Procyanidin trimer C1		Not Available	(3)
141	Progesterone		Not Available	(4)
142	Propyl acetate		Not Available	(3)
143	Propyl butyrate		Not Available	(3)
144	Protocatechuic acid		Not Available	(3)
145	Quercetin		0.132	(3, 5)
146	Quercetin 3-O-arabinoside		1.396 to 1.870	(5)
147	Quercetin 3-O-galactoside		1.560 to 2.358	(5)
148	Quercetin 3-O-glucoside		0.540 to 0.642	(5)
149	Quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside		0.780 to 1.330	(5)
150	Quercetin 3-O-rutinoside		0.227 to 0.250	(3, 5)
151	Quercetin 3-O-xyloside		0.730 to 0.785	(5)
152	Rubidium		0.027 to 1.000	(3)
153	Silicon		0.100 to 7.000	(3)
154	Silver		0.001 to 0.009	(3)
155	Sinapic acid		Not Available	(3)
156	Sinensiaxanthin		Not Available	(4)
157	Sodium		0.000 to 13.300	(1, 2, 3)
158	Strontium		0.017 to 0.860	(3)
159	Sucrose		570.000 to 3620.000	(1, 2, 3)
160	Sulfur		0.165 to 2.300	(3)
161	Syringic acid		0.899	(5)
162	Tin		Not Available	(3)
163	Titanium		0.006 to 0.300	(3)
164	Vitamin A (beta-Cryptoxanthin)		0.011	(2)
165	Vitamin B1 (Thiamine hydrochloride)		0.016 to 0.017	(1, 2)
166	Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)		0.011 to 0.026	(1, 2)
167	Vitamin B3 (Nicotinic acid)		0.050 to 0.100	(1, 2)
168	Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid)		0.061 to 0.400	(1, 2, 3)
169	Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)		0.041 to 0.051	(1, 2)
170	Vitamin B9 (Folates)		0.003 to 0.009	(1, 2)
171	Vitamin C (L-Ascorbic Acid)		2.000 to 40.200	(1, 2, 3)
172	Vitamin E (alpha-Tocopherol)		0.180 to 0.550	(1, 2)
173	Vitamin K1 (Phylloquinone)		0.002 to 0.003	(1, 2)
174	Water		85560.000 to 85700.000	(1, 2)
175	Zinc		0.000 to 3.500	(1, 2, 3)
176	Zirconium		0.022 to 0.086	(3)

REFERENCES

Compositions ©Danish Food Composition Databank, version 7.0, 2008. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. 2008. USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 21. Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases KNApSAcK: A Comprehensive Species-Metabolite Relationship Database Neveu V, Perez-Jiménez J, Vos F, Crespy V, du Chaffaut L, Mennen L, Knox C, Eisner R, Cruz J, Wishart D, Scalbert A. (2010) Phenol-Explorer: an online comprehensive database on polyphenol contents in foods. Database, doi: 10.1093/database/bap024 [Pubmed] (Version 2.0, available at http://www.phenol-explorer.eu).